Questions and Answers
Which acid-base imbalance would the nurse expect to assess in a client who has been fasting and has ketones in the urine?
Which of the following risk factors would place a client presenting in the Emergency Department at risk for metabolic acidosis? (Select all that apply)
A child with acute asthma has a PaCO2 of 48 mmHg, a pH of 7.31, and a normal HCO3 blood gas value. What does this indicate?
Which test will provide the most accurate indicator of a client's acid-base balance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
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Which client statement indicates that additional teaching is needed regarding sodium bicarbonate use?
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Which nursing action is appropriate for a client diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis who insists on continuing fasting due to religious beliefs? (Select all that apply)
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Study Notes
Acid-Base Imbalance Overview
- Fasting leads to metabolic acidosis due to ketone production as the body metabolizes proteins for energy.
- Symptoms from metabolic acidosis can include confusion, weakness, and shortness of breath.
Risk Factors for Metabolic Acidosis
- Abdominal fistulas can cause bicarbonate loss, increasing the risk of metabolic acidosis.
- Acute renal failure impairs acid excretion, contributing to acid accumulation.
- Hypovolemic shock decreases perfusion and can lead to lactic acidosis.
Acid-Base Interpretation in Asthma
- PaCO2 of 48 mmHg and pH of 7.31 indicates uncompensated respiratory acidosis in a child with asthma.
- A normal HCO3 value alongside elevated CO2 confirms impaired ventilation, leading to acid retention.
Diagnostic Tests for Acid-Base Balance
- Arterial blood gases (ABGs) are crucial for assessing acid-base balance in pulmonary and metabolic disorders.
- Other tests like pulse oximetry, sputum studies, and bronchoscopy do not provide comprehensive acid-base status.
Patient Education Regarding Sodium Bicarbonate
- Clients should be advised to report gastric discomfort with chest pain or respiratory issues promptly.
- Non-sodium antacids are recommended to avoid excess sodium intake.
- Sodium bicarbonate should not be used for longer than 2 weeks without consulting a healthcare provider.
Nursing Considerations for Diabetic Clients Fasting
- Collaboration with a diabetes educator can provide strategies for safe fasting while managing diabetes.
- Understanding the client's religious practices around fasting is essential for culturally sensitive care.
- Educating clients on seeking timely medical attention for signs of ketoacidosis can enhance health outcomes.
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Description
Test your knowledge on acid-base imbalances with this NCLEX quiz. Each question focuses on key scenarios and definitions to help prepare you for nursing exams. Challenge yourself with multiple choice questions and deepen your understanding of critical concepts.
