Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a primary cause of metabolic acidosis?
What is a primary cause of metabolic acidosis?
- Hyperventilation leading to decreased CO2
- Increased Na+ reabsorption from diuretics
- Increased acid loss due to vomiting
- Defect in kidney's ability to excrete H+ (correct)
What compensatory mechanism occurs in respiratory acidosis?
What compensatory mechanism occurs in respiratory acidosis?
- Hyperventilation to increase oxygen levels
- Increased HCO3+ excretion
- Reduced H+ retention
- Retention of bicarbonate (HCO3+) (correct)
Which treatment is commonly used for metabolic acidosis?
Which treatment is commonly used for metabolic acidosis?
- Mechanical ventilation
- Infusion of isotonic saline
- Intravenous bicarbonate solutions (correct)
- Oral ammonium chloride
What is a potential cause of metabolic alkalosis?
What is a potential cause of metabolic alkalosis?
During which condition would you expect to see bradypnea as a compensatory response?
During which condition would you expect to see bradypnea as a compensatory response?
Which of the following symptoms is associated with respiratory alkalosis?
Which of the following symptoms is associated with respiratory alkalosis?
What is the treatment for alkalosis respiratory?
What is the treatment for alkalosis respiratory?
Which condition represents a respiratory problem leading to acidosis?
Which condition represents a respiratory problem leading to acidosis?
What common response is seen in the kidney as compensation for metabolic acidosis?
What common response is seen in the kidney as compensation for metabolic acidosis?
Which of the following activities typically leads to respiratory alkalosis?
Which of the following activities typically leads to respiratory alkalosis?
Flashcards
Metabolic Acidosis Cause
Metabolic Acidosis Cause
Kidney issues (renal insufficiency), loss of bicarbonate, increased acid intake (like diabetes or drug ingestion), or low aldosterone.
Metabolic Acidosis Compensation
Metabolic Acidosis Compensation
Faster breathing (hyperpnea) to get rid of excess CO2, kidneys working to retain bicarbonate.
Respiratory Acidosis Cause
Respiratory Acidosis Cause
Lung problems (pneumonia, emphysema), drug use depressing the breathing center, or high CO2 levels.
Respiratory Acidosis Treatment
Respiratory Acidosis Treatment
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Metabolic Alkalosis Cause
Metabolic Alkalosis Cause
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Metabolic Alkalosis Compensation
Metabolic Alkalosis Compensation
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Respiratory Alkalosis Cause
Respiratory Alkalosis Cause
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Respiratory Alkalosis Treatment
Respiratory Alkalosis Treatment
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Metabolic Acidosis Treatment
Metabolic Acidosis Treatment
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Metabolic Alkalosis Treatment
Metabolic Alkalosis Treatment
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Study Notes
Acid-Base Imbalances: Metabolic Acidosis
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Causes:
- Renal dysfunction impairing H+ excretion and HCO3- reabsorption
- Loss of bicarbonate (e.g., diarrhea, fistula)
- Increased acid production (e.g., diabetes, starvation, certain drugs)
- Toxic ingestion (e.g., methanol, salicylates)
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Compensation:
- Increased breathing rate and depth (hyperventilation)
- Kidneys attempt to increase bicarbonate reabsorption and decrease H+ excretion
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Treatment:
- Administering sodium bicarbonate
- Correcting the underlying cause
- Providing isotonic electrolyte solutions
Acid-Base Imbalances: Respiratory Acidosis
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Causes:
- Reduced lung function (e.g., pneumonia, pulmonary edema, asthma)
- Drug overdose suppressing respiratory center
- Conditions leading to increased CO2 in exhaled air
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Compensation:
- Kidneys attempt to retain bicarbonate and excrete H+
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Treatment:
- Improving lung function (e.g., ventilatory support)
- Correcting associated issues
Acid-Base Imbalances: Metabolic Alkalosis
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Causes:
- Loss of stomach acid (e.g., vomiting)
- Diuretic use increasing sodium reabsorption and hydrogen excretion
- Excessive use of bicarbonate or alkaline drugs
- Aldosteronism imbalance
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Compensation:
- Reduced breathing rate and depth (hypoventilation)
- Kidneys attempt to reduce bicarbonate reabsorption and increase excretion of H+
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Treatment:
- Giving chloride to replace lost ions
- Correcting underlying conditions
Acid-Base Imbalances: Respiratory Alkalosis
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Causes:
- Hyperventilation (e.g., anxiety, panic attacks)
- High altitude
- Some drug overdose
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Compensation:
- Kidneys attempt to excrete bicarbonate
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Treatment:
- Addressing the cause of hyperventilation
- In some cases, breathing retraining
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Description
Test your knowledge on acid-base imbalances, focusing on metabolic and respiratory acidosis. This quiz covers causes, compensation mechanisms, and treatment options for these conditions. Perfect for students in medical or health-related fields.
