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Acid-Base Homeostasis Quiz
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Acid-Base Homeostasis Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is true about acidemia?

  • It is a normal physiological state
  • It causes denaturation of proteins (correct)
  • It is regulated by the respiratory system
  • It occurs when the pH is alkaline
  • Which of the following is a component of the bicarbonate buffer system?

  • Hyperventilation
  • Carbon dioxide (correct)
  • Phosphates
  • Proteins
  • Which of the following is NOT one of the lines of defense in acid-base homeostasis?

  • Chemical buffers
  • Renal component
  • Respiratory component
  • Metabolic component (correct)
  • Which system is responsible for adding or removing bicarbonate ions to or from the extracellular fluid (ECF)?

    <p>Renal system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the plasma pH when bicarbonate ions are secreted into the blood plasma?

    <p>The plasma pH rises</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which buffer is the most abundant in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>Bicarbonate (HCO−3) salt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation used for?

    <p>To calculate the pH of the extracellular fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which equation represents the relationship between pH, bicarbonate concentration, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>pH = 6.1 + log10([HCO3-]/0.0307 × PCO2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molar concentration of carbonic acid in the extracellular fluid denoted as?

    <p>[H2CO3]</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can regulate the pH of the extracellular fluids?

    <p>Both PCO2 and HCO3-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Acid-Base Homeostasis

    • Acidemia refers to a state of abnormally low pH in the blood, i.e., acidic blood.

    Bicarbonate Buffer System

    • The bicarbonate buffer system consists of carbonic acid (H2CO3) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-).
    • This system is responsible for maintaining the acid-base balance in the body.

    Lines of Defense in Acid-Base Homeostasis

    • The three lines of defense in acid-base homeostasis are the buffering of excess hydrogen ions, the regulation of respiratory rate, and the regulation of kidney function.

    Regulation of Bicarbonate Ions

    • The kidneys are responsible for adding or removing bicarbonate ions to or from the extracellular fluid (ECF).

    Effects of Bicarbonate Secretion

    • When bicarbonate ions are secreted into the blood plasma, the plasma pH increases, i.e., the blood becomes more alkaline.

    Abundance of Buffers in Extracellular Fluid

    • The bicarbonate buffer is the most abundant buffer in the extracellular fluid.

    Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation

    • The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used to calculate the pH of a solution based on the concentration of bicarbonate ions and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide.
    • The equation represents the relationship between pH, bicarbonate concentration, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the extracellular fluid: pH = pKa + log([HCO3-]/[H2CO3]).

    Carbonic Acid Concentration

    • The molar concentration of carbonic acid in the extracellular fluid is denoted as H2CO3.

    Regulation of pH in Extracellular Fluids

    • The kidneys, lungs, and buffer systems can regulate the pH of the extracellular fluids.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on acid-base homeostasis and its importance in maintaining the body's pH balance. Learn about the regulation of extracellular fluid and its impact on cellular metabolism.

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