Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is true about acidemia?
Which of the following is true about acidemia?
- It is a normal physiological state
- It causes denaturation of proteins (correct)
- It is regulated by the respiratory system
- It occurs when the pH is alkaline
Which of the following is a component of the bicarbonate buffer system?
Which of the following is a component of the bicarbonate buffer system?
- Hyperventilation
- Carbon dioxide (correct)
- Phosphates
- Proteins
Which of the following is NOT one of the lines of defense in acid-base homeostasis?
Which of the following is NOT one of the lines of defense in acid-base homeostasis?
- Chemical buffers
- Renal component
- Respiratory component
- Metabolic component (correct)
Which system is responsible for adding or removing bicarbonate ions to or from the extracellular fluid (ECF)?
Which system is responsible for adding or removing bicarbonate ions to or from the extracellular fluid (ECF)?
What happens to the plasma pH when bicarbonate ions are secreted into the blood plasma?
What happens to the plasma pH when bicarbonate ions are secreted into the blood plasma?
Which buffer is the most abundant in the extracellular fluid?
Which buffer is the most abundant in the extracellular fluid?
What is the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation used for?
What is the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation used for?
Which equation represents the relationship between pH, bicarbonate concentration, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the extracellular fluid?
Which equation represents the relationship between pH, bicarbonate concentration, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the extracellular fluid?
What is the molar concentration of carbonic acid in the extracellular fluid denoted as?
What is the molar concentration of carbonic acid in the extracellular fluid denoted as?
Which of the following can regulate the pH of the extracellular fluids?
Which of the following can regulate the pH of the extracellular fluids?
Flashcards
What does acidemia cause?
What does acidemia cause?
Denaturation of proteins
Bicarbonate buffer component?
Bicarbonate buffer component?
Carbon dioxide
Not a defense in acid-base balance?
Not a defense in acid-base balance?
Metabolic component
System adding/removing bicarbonate?
System adding/removing bicarbonate?
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Effect of adding bicarbonate to plasma?
Effect of adding bicarbonate to plasma?
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Most abundant extracellular buffer?
Most abundant extracellular buffer?
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Henderson-Hasselbalch use?
Henderson-Hasselbalch use?
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pH, bicarbonate, and PCO2 relation?
pH, bicarbonate, and PCO2 relation?
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Carbonic acid's molar concentration?
Carbonic acid's molar concentration?
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Regulators of extracellular fluid pH?
Regulators of extracellular fluid pH?
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Study Notes
Acid-Base Homeostasis
- Acidemia refers to a state of abnormally low pH in the blood, i.e., acidic blood.
Bicarbonate Buffer System
- The bicarbonate buffer system consists of carbonic acid (H2CO3) and bicarbonate ions (HCO3-).
- This system is responsible for maintaining the acid-base balance in the body.
Lines of Defense in Acid-Base Homeostasis
- The three lines of defense in acid-base homeostasis are the buffering of excess hydrogen ions, the regulation of respiratory rate, and the regulation of kidney function.
Regulation of Bicarbonate Ions
- The kidneys are responsible for adding or removing bicarbonate ions to or from the extracellular fluid (ECF).
Effects of Bicarbonate Secretion
- When bicarbonate ions are secreted into the blood plasma, the plasma pH increases, i.e., the blood becomes more alkaline.
Abundance of Buffers in Extracellular Fluid
- The bicarbonate buffer is the most abundant buffer in the extracellular fluid.
Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation
- The Henderson-Hasselbalch equation is used to calculate the pH of a solution based on the concentration of bicarbonate ions and the partial pressure of carbon dioxide.
- The equation represents the relationship between pH, bicarbonate concentration, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the extracellular fluid: pH = pKa + log([HCO3-]/[H2CO3]).
Carbonic Acid Concentration
- The molar concentration of carbonic acid in the extracellular fluid is denoted as H2CO3.
Regulation of pH in Extracellular Fluids
- The kidneys, lungs, and buffer systems can regulate the pH of the extracellular fluids.
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