10_Digestive System_Accessory Organs and Clinical Anatomy
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Questions and Answers

Which organ produces bile and helps with the digestion of lipids?

  • Gallbladder
  • Stomach
  • Pancreas
  • Liver (correct)

    • Which organ stores, concentrates, and releases bile?

  • Liver
  • Gallbladder (correct)
  • Pancreas
  • Stomach

    • Which organ produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate that are released in the duodenum?

  • Pancreas (correct)
  • Gallbladder
  • Stomach
  • Liver

    • What is the function of bile in the small intestine?

    <p>Emulsification of lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament separates the right and left lobes of the liver?

    <p>Falciform ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the remnant of the umbilical vein in the liver called?

    <p>Round ligament of the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many primary lobes does the liver have?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is next to the inferior vena cava in the liver?

    <p>Caudate lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is next to the gallbladder in the liver?

    <p>Quadrate lobe</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do arteries, veins, and lymph vessels enter and leave the liver?

    <p>Porta hepatis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is responsible for storing, concentrating, and propelling bile into the duodenum?

    <p>Gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the pancreas?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of ulcers in the stomach?

    <p>Bacterial infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by the inflammation of the appendix?

    <p>Appendicitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the procedure called in which the nerves and pulp of a tooth are removed and replaced with a filling and artificial crown?

    <p>Root canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by the backward flow of stomach acid into the esophagus?

    <p>Acid reflux</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is responsible for the production of bile?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ is retroperitoneal and has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

    <p>Pancreas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common location for diverticula to occur?

    <p>Colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the direction of bile flow in the liver?

    <p>From hepatocytes to bile canaliculi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by the inflammation of diverticula?

    <p>Diverticulitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the symptoms of diverticulitis?

    <p>Abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and a change in bowel habits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a treatment option for diverticulitis?

    <p>Rest, a liquid or low-fiber diet, and antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common location for colorectal cancer?

    <p>Descending colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the risk factors for gallstones?

    <p>Obesity, age, female sex hormones, and lack of physical activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for gallstones?

    <p>Removal of the gallbladder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first stage of liver pathology called?

    <p>Fatty liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the irreversible late stage fibrosis of the liver called?

    <p>Cirrhosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause pathology to the liver?

    <p>Hepatitis, obesity, high blood cholesterol, diabetes, or genetic inheritance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can polyps in the colon potentially develop into?

    <p>Colorectal cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diverticulosis is the inflammation of diverticula.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Diverticulitis can be harmful and may require surgery.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Low-fiber diets are linked to the formation of polyps in the colon.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Most polyps in the colon become cancerous.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Colorectal cancer can form metastasis in other organs.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hepatitis can cause fatty liver and inflammation of the liver.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fibrosis is a reversible stage of liver damage.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Gallstones are more common in men and in developing countries.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cholecystectomy is the removal of the pancreas.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After cholecystectomy, a low-fat diet is usually recommended.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The liver is divided into hexagonal hepatic lobules made by hepatocytes.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: A portal triad in the liver contains a bile duct, a branch of the hepatic vein, and a branch of the hepatic artery.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Blood and bile flow in the same direction through the liver.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The gallbladder stores, concentrates, and propels bile into the duodenum.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Tooth decay is caused by bacteria in the mouth that produce acids which attack the enamel.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Acid reflux occurs when acid comes back up from the stomach into the esophagus.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Ulcers are most commonly found in the stomach and are often caused by an infection of Helicobacter pylori.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Diverticula are out-pockets of the intestinal wall and are most common in the sigmoid colon.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, typically caused by fecal matter obstructing the appendix.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The liver produces bile, detoxifies blood, and stores excess nutrients absorbed by the GI tract.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The gallbladder stores, concentrates, and releases bile.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate that are released in the duodenum.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Bile is made by hepatocytes in the liver and is stored and secreted by the gallbladder into the small intestine.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The liver is made up of four incompletely separated lobes, including the right lobe, left lobe, caudate lobe, and quadrate lobe.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The falciform ligament separates the right and left lobes of the liver.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The porta hepatis is where arteries, veins, and lymph vessels enter and leave the liver.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: Bile helps with the emulsification of lipids in the small intestine.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The liver produces approximately 1 liter of bile per day.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    True or false: The liver is supported by five ligaments, including the falciform ligament, round ligament of the liver, coronary ligament, and two lateral ligaments.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Liver and Gallbladder

    • The liver produces bile, detoxifies blood, and stores excess nutrients absorbed by the GI tract.
    • The liver is divided into four incompletely separated lobes: right lobe, left lobe, caudate lobe, and quadrate lobe.
    • The falciform ligament separates the right and left lobes of the liver.
    • The porta hepatis is where arteries, veins, and lymph vessels enter and leave the liver.

    Bile Production and Storage

    • Bile is made by hepatocytes in the liver and is stored and secreted by the gallbladder into the small intestine.
    • The liver produces approximately 1 liter of bile per day.
    • Bile helps with the emulsification of lipids in the small intestine.

    Pancreas

    • The pancreas produces digestive enzymes and bicarbonate that are released in the duodenum.
    • The pancreas has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

    Digestive System

    • The small intestine is where most of nutrient absorption takes place.
    • Diverticula are out-pockets of the intestinal wall and are most common in the sigmoid colon.
    • Diverticulosis is the formation of diverticula, while diverticulitis is the inflammation of diverticula.
    • Symptoms of diverticulitis include abdominal pain, nausea, and fever.
    • Treatment options for diverticulitis include antibiotics and surgery.

    Diseases and Conditions

    • Ulcers are most commonly found in the stomach and are often caused by an infection of Helicobacter pylori.
    • Appendicitis is the inflammation of the appendix, typically caused by fecal matter obstructing the appendix.
    • Acid reflux occurs when acid comes back up from the stomach into the esophagus.
    • Hepatitis can cause fatty liver and inflammation of the liver.
    • Fibrosis is a reversible stage of liver damage, while cirrhosis is the irreversible late stage fibrosis of the liver.

    Other

    • The most common location for colorectal cancer is in the rectum.
    • Risk factors for gallstones include low-fiber diets.
    • Treatment options for gallstones include cholecystectomy, which is the removal of the gallbladder.
    • After cholecystectomy, a low-fat diet is usually recommended.

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    10_Digestive System_Accessory Organs and Clinical Anatomy.pptx

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the accessory organs of the digestive system with this quiz. Explore the functions of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas in chemical digestion.

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