10 Questions
When citing a source, what should be placed after the reference number in quotation marks?
A period
What is the purpose of listing sources in numerical order on a reference page?
To list sources in the order they were first cited in the text
Why is it essential to use the same reference number for all subsequent references to a source throughout a research paper?
To maintain consistency and accuracy in citation
What is the purpose of double-spacing between separate references on a reference page?
To distinguish between different sources
When citing a journal article, what should be done with the title?
It should be given in sentence form
What is the purpose of providing page numbers in a citation?
To identify the specific part of the source being referenced
Why is it essential to list every source on the reference page, even if it has been referenced multiple times in the paper?
To provide transparency and accountability
What is the purpose of using semicolons in citations?
To separate multiple sources cited in the same sentence
Why is it important to give the initials of authors' first names in a citation?
To distinguish between authors with the same last name
What is the main purpose of a reference page?
To provide a list of sources cited in the paper
Study Notes
Ethics of Honest Research
- Plagiarism is the act of using someone else's work without giving proper credit.
- Plagiarism can result from dishonesty, carelessness, laziness, or ignorance.
How to Avoid Plagiarism
- Document all information obtained from sources, including diagrams, ideas, facts, theories, findings, opinions, and graphics.
- Exceptions to documentation include:
- Your own ideas and opinions
- Common knowledge
Why Document Sources of Information?
- Protect the originator of the information
- Protect yourself from accusations of plagiarism
- Show readers that you have done your work and are aware of the latest developments in the field
- Enable readers to track down the information
Procedure for Documenting
- Refer to the source of information in the text by inserting consecutive numbers in brackets
- Insert the reference number at the end of a sentence or within it, without changing the sentence punctuation
- Leave a space before the bracketed number and stick the punctuation to the second bracket
Reference Page Format
- List sources in numerical order according to when they are first cited in the text
- Give the initials of authors' first names
- Single-space individual references, with a second or third line aligned with the first
- Double-space between separate references
- End each entry with a period
- List every source once on the reference page, even if referenced multiple times in the paper
Engineering Ethics
- Five unethical communication concerns to avoid:
- Copyright infringement
- Tampering with results
- Withholding adverse information
- Writing unclear instructions
- Omitting safety warnings
Tools for Ethical Decision Making
- Use the Code of Ethics (published by professional engineering associations or large firms) to justify doing the right thing
Facing a Dilemma
- Analyze the situation carefully and responsibly
- Consider the issues involved from more than one angle
- Consult with others
- Think long and hard before making a decision
Learn about the importance of honesty in research, how to avoid plagiarism, and proper documentation of sources. Includes examples of reference page formats and samples.
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