Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the phrase ‘The Lord is one’ emphasize in Christian belief?
What does the phrase ‘The Lord is one’ emphasize in Christian belief?
It emphasizes the unity and singularity of God.
How does the concept of 'Tawhid' in Islam relate to the understanding of God's nature?
How does the concept of 'Tawhid' in Islam relate to the understanding of God's nature?
Tawhid signifies the oneness of Allah, stressing his uniqueness and singular power.
In the context of the Bible, what command is given about family relationships?
In the context of the Bible, what command is given about family relationships?
The Bible commands to 'Obey your parents.'
Differentiate between the Greater and Lesser Jihad in Islamic teachings.
Differentiate between the Greater and Lesser Jihad in Islamic teachings.
What are the two principles, Amr-bil-maruf and Nahni-anil-munkar, aimed at in Shia Islam?
What are the two principles, Amr-bil-maruf and Nahni-anil-munkar, aimed at in Shia Islam?
According to Thomas Aquinas, how is God characterized?
According to Thomas Aquinas, how is God characterized?
What does William Paley argue regarding the complexity of the universe?
What does William Paley argue regarding the complexity of the universe?
What is the primary belief of liberal Christians regarding biblical authority?
What is the primary belief of liberal Christians regarding biblical authority?
What does Al-Ghazali emphasize about God's nature in Islam?
What does Al-Ghazali emphasize about God's nature in Islam?
According to natural law theory, why is euthanasia considered bad?
According to natural law theory, why is euthanasia considered bad?
Flashcards
Tawhid
Tawhid
The belief in the oneness of God, accepting Him as the sole Creator and object of worship.
Five Pillars of Islam
Five Pillars of Islam
The five pillars of Islam are: Belief in the Oneness of God, Prayer (5 times daily), Charity, Fasting during Ramadan, and Pilgrimage to Mecca (if able).
Jihad
Jihad
The Islamic concept of 'Greater Jihad' is the internal struggle against negative emotions and desires, while 'Lesser Jihad' refers to the physical struggle against injustice or for self-defense.
Shi'a Belief in Leadership
Shi'a Belief in Leadership
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Eid al-Fitr
Eid al-Fitr
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Imago Dei
Imago Dei
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Muhammad
Muhammad
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Oneness of Allah
Oneness of Allah
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Natural law theory
Natural law theory
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Catholic view of salvation
Catholic view of salvation
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Study Notes
Abrahamic Religions: Key Beliefs and Practices
-
Christianity:
- God's attributes: God is all-loving, all-powerful, and the Lord is one.
- Resurrection: Jesus Christ rose from the dead.
- Reproduction: Humans are commanded to "be fruitful and increase in number."
- Equality: God created men and women equally.
- Submission: Wives should submit to their husbands as they do to the Lord.
- Love: Love one another.
- Family: Obey your parents.
- Salvation: Different Christian denominations have varying views on achieving salvation. Martin Luther emphasized faith, while the Catholic Church emphasized faith and works. Liberal Christians have a more metaphorical interpretation.
- Intelligent Design: William Paley argued that the universe's complexity implies a creator (God).
- Imago Dei: Humans are seen as the image of God.
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Islam:
- Tawhid (Oneness of God): Allah is one and unique, all-powerful and competent
- Omnipotence: Allah is all-powerful and competent over all things.
- Prophets: Muhammad is considered the final prophet (Seal of the Prophets).
- Angel Gabriel: Revealer of the Quran.
- Judgment Day: Judgment is based on scales of justice.
- Five Pillars: Shahada (faith), Salah (prayer), Zakah (charity), Sawm (fasting), Hajj (pilgrimage).
- Six Articles of Faith: Allah, Angels, Prophets, Books, Predestination, Day of judgment
- Shia Muslims Ten Obligatory Acts: Salah (prayer), Sawm (fasting), Zakah (charitable giving), Khums (20% tax), Hajj (pilgrimage), Jihad (struggle to maintain faith). Also include Amr-bil-maruf (encouraging good), Nahni-anil-munkar (discouraging bad), Tawalla (expressing love), and Tabarra (expressing hate).
- Jihad: Includes both inner (greater) and outer (lesser) struggles.
- Festivals: Eid al-Fitr (end of Ramadan) and Eid al-Adha (end of Hajj).
- Leadership: Sunni Islam chose Abu Bakr as the leader after Muhammad, with a consensus approach. Shi'a Islam designates Ali as the leader and believes Muhammad's kin should continue leading.
- Al-Ghazali: A major Islamic philosopher emphasizing oneness and omnipotence.
Philosophical and Ethical Considerations
- Quality of Life: Peter Singer emphasizes quality of life, utilizing utilitarianism and happiness calculations.
- Love as a Guide: Joseph Fletcher emphasized prioritizing love in decision-making.
- Natural Law Theory: This theory states that euthanasia violates the preservation of life.
- Humanism: Humanists reject supernatural beliefs, emphasizing human freedom and reason.
- Crime and Punishment: Jeremy Bentham argued for punishment to increase happiness.
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