About the Earth

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Questions and Answers

What is a book of maps called?

  • Gazetteer
  • Directory
  • Geography
  • Atlas (correct)

Which direction is at the top of a typical wall map?

  • South
  • North (correct)
  • West
  • East

What is the primary limitation when creating maps?

  • The Earth is round. (correct)
  • Maps are too small.
  • Maps are expensive to produce.
  • Maps cannot show details.

What are the four main directions also known as?

<p>Cardinal directions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which instrument uses a magnetic needle to indicate direction?

<p>Compass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you face the rising sun, which direction are you facing?

<p>East (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which direction is opposite to North?

<p>South (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In relation to Delhi, Panipat is in which direction?

<p>North (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Details of a place can be better shown using a?

<p>Map (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If your right hand points to the south when facing the rising sun, which direction does your left hand point to?

<p>North (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Earth often called due to the abundance of water?

<p>The Watery Planet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes the Earth a unique planet?

<p>The presence of life (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the layer of air surrounding the Earth called?

<p>Atmosphere (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two elements are present on the surface of the Earth?

<p>Land and Water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did people long ago believe about the shape of the Earth?

<p>It was flat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was one of the first people to suggest that the Earth was round?

<p>Aristotle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who completed a voyage in which he kept sailing west and eventually arrived back where he started?

<p>Ferdinand Magellan (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a three-dimensional model of the earth called?

<p>A globe (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a globe accurately show?

<p>Distribution of land and water (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a drawing of the Earth’s surface on a flat surface called?

<p>A map (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Earth is the second planet from the Sun, primarily recognized for its lush green landscapes.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Life on Earth is sustained because its distance from the Sun results in consistently cold temperatures, ideal for the survival of all organisms.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Earth's atmosphere is primarily composed of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, which are directly utilized by animals for respiration.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ferdinand Magellan's voyage definitively proved the Earth was flat when he failed to return to his starting point after sailing westward.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Current scientific evidence, including satellite imagery, suggests the Earth is a perfect sphere without any flattening at its poles.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A globe accurately represents the Earth’s surface in three dimensions, preserving the correct shapes, sizes, and locations of continents and oceans.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Globes are highly detailed and can display all geographical information for a small region, making them ideal for local urban planning.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Maps offer a two-dimensional depiction of the Earth’s surface that captures the spherical nature of Earth with great accuracy.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term 'watery planet' is a misnomer for Earth, given that land covers approximately 75% of its surface area.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Aristotle and Nicolaus Copernicus were proponents of the idea that the Earth was flat, influencing early seafaring practices.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A map is limited in its ability to accurately represent large, curved surfaces due to the challenge of flattening them without distortion.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A compass needle always points to the geographical south, assisting in navigation irrespective of location.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In cartography, the cardinal directions include north, south, east, west, northeast, northwest, southeast and southwest.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you are facing the rising sun (east), then the south direction will be to your right.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A globe provides a more accurate depiction of the Earth's surface compared to a map, especially for illustrating continents and oceans.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An atlas contains geographical information, but it does not include maps.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When looking at a wall map, West is typically found at the top, indicating the 'highest' geographical point.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Maps can only show countries; they can not represent smaller areas such as cities or neighborhoods.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a traveler knows that City A is to the east of their current location, they can determine the location of City A in relation to their position.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is possible to perfectly represent all aspects of the earth on a flat map, without distortions, regardless of map size.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Earth is the third ______ from the Sun.

<p>planet</p> Signup and view all the answers

Because of its abundance of water, Earth is called the '______ planet'.

<p>watery</p> Signup and view all the answers

A book of maps is called an ______.

<p>atlas</p> Signup and view all the answers

There are four main ______: north, south, east, and west.

<p>directions</p> Signup and view all the answers

The layer of air surrounding the Earth is called the ______.

<p>atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

Living things need ______ to drink.

<p>water</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Earth is ______ in shape and its surface is curved.

<p>round</p> Signup and view all the answers

Long ago, people were afraid to travel far, fearing they would fall off the Earth's ______.

<p>edge</p> Signup and view all the answers

The top of a map is usually ______.

<p>north</p> Signup and view all the answers

An instrument used to find directions is called a ______.

<p>compass</p> Signup and view all the answers

______ and Nicolaus Copernicus said the Earth was round.

<p>Aristotle</p> Signup and view all the answers

Ferdinand Magellan and his crew's journey proved that the Earth had no ______ but was round.

<p>edges</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you face the rising sun, you are facing ______.

<p>east</p> Signup and view all the answers

Small areas can be represented fairly ______ on maps.

<p>accurately</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Earth is round like an ______, slightly flat at the top and bottom.

<p>orange</p> Signup and view all the answers

The directions are also called ______ directions.

<p>cardinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

A three-dimensional model of the Earth is called a ______.

<p>globe</p> Signup and view all the answers

A drawing of the Earth’s surface or a part of it on a flat surface is called a ______.

<p>map</p> Signup and view all the answers

The bottom of the map is the ______.

<p>south</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you live in Delhi and want to go to Panipat, you will have to travel ______.

<p>north</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes Earth appear blue from space?

<p>The presence of water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one thing that living things need to live on Earth, according to the text.

<p>Water</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did people long ago believe about the Earth's shape?

<p>That it was flat</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who sailed around the world, proving it was round?

<p>Ferdinand Magellan</p> Signup and view all the answers

What shape is the Earth?

<p>Round like an orange</p> Signup and view all the answers

Is a globe easy to carry from one place to another?

<p>No</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the four main directions.

<p>North, South, East, West</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which direction does a compass needle always point to?

<p>North</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one way maps are better than globes?

<p>Maps can show more detail</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it difficult to represent the Earth accurately on a flat map?

<p>The Earth is round</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you are facing the rising sun, which direction are you facing?

<p>East</p> Signup and view all the answers

Besides cardinal directions, what can directions be used for?

<p>To find the location of places</p> Signup and view all the answers

On a wall map, which direction is at the top?

<p>North</p> Signup and view all the answers

What instrument did early sailors use to find directions?

<p>A compass</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name one feature of a map.

<p>It can be big or small in size</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Earth

The third planet from the Sun, known as the 'blue planet' due to its abundant water.

Favorable distance from the Sun

The Earth's distance from the Sun allows for temperatures suitable for life.

Atmosphere

The layer of air surrounding Earth, essential for breathing and plant life.

Land and Water on Earth

The presence of both land and water supports diverse life forms.

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Globe

A three-dimensional model of the Earth.

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Globe Features

Globes show the distribution of land and water and the shape/location of continents and oceans.

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Map

A drawing of the Earth’s surface (or part of it) on a flat surface.

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What do maps show

Representation of land and water, shape size, location of continents and oceans

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Earth is round?

A voyage by Ferdinand Magellan proved it

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Shape of the earth

Slightly flat at the top and bottom

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What is an atlas?

A book of maps.

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What does a map show?

Shows continents, countries, cities, and neighborhoods with details.

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What are map limitations?

Limitations due to Earth's curved surface; small areas can be accurately represented.

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What are the four main directions?

North, South, East, and West.

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What is the purpose of directions?

Directions used to locate places relative to each other.

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What is the purpose of directions?

Directions used to locate places relative to each other.

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What is a compass?

An instrument with a needle that always points north.

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What direction does a compass needle point?

North.

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Another name of cardinal Directions

They are North, South, East and West

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Which direction is East?

Is on the right when facing a wall map.

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Map limitations

Limitations due to Earth's curved surface; small areas can be accurately represented.

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What can a map show?

A visual representation showing continents, countries, cities, or neighborhoods.

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What do directions enable?

They enable us to locate places on a map

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Directions on a wall map

Top is North, Bottom is South, Right is East, and Left is West.

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Finding directions (Sun Method)

Face the rising sun (East); your back is West; your left is North; your right is South.

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What are Map features

It can be big or small in size and shows all the details of a place

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Limitation of Maps

A curved surface cannot be shown correctly on a flat surface

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Who used compass in earlier times and why?

Instrument sailors used to find directions while sailing

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What are main or cardial directions?

North, South, East, and West. They are also called cardial directions

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What is purpose of directions

To find the location of places in relation to other places

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What is a map?

A drawing showing continents, countries, cities, or even neighborhoods.

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What are cardinal directions?

They are North, South, East, and West.

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Purpose of directions?

To locate places relative to each other.

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Directions on a map

North is at the top, South at the bottom, East on the right, and West on the left.

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Finding directions (Sun)

Face the rising Sun (East); your back is West; your left is North; your right is South.

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What direction does a compass points?

It always points to the north.

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Who used a Compass?

Sailors used it in early times to find directions while sailing.

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Earth's distance from Sun

The distance of Earth from the Sun that allows liquid water.

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Earth's Atmosphere

The layer of gases surrounding Earth.

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Land and Water

Solid ground and bodies of water on Earth's surface.

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What is a Globe?

A three-dimensional scale model of Earth.

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Globe function

Shows land, water distribution, continents/oceans shape/location.

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Globe limitations

Difficult to carry, lacks detail, shows only half Earth at once.

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Earth's Shape Evidence

Pictures from space and circumnavigation proved this.

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Blue Planet

Earth's nickname due to its abundant water.

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Unique Planet

A planet with conditions suitable for life.

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Favorable Temperature

Not too hot, not too cold, just right for life.

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Importance of Air

People and animals need it to breathe, and plants need it to make food

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Importance of Water

Necessary for drinking and living.

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Old Beliefs About Earth

They thought travelling too far would end in falling off the planet.

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Aristotle & Copernicus

Proved Earth was not flat.

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Ferdinand Magellan

His voyage circumnavigated Earth, proving its roundness.

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Use of globe

Useful representation of Earth’s surface.

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Finding directions (using the sun)

Face the rising Sun (East); your back is West; your left is North; your right is South.

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Who typically uses a compass?

Sailors used it in early times to find directions while sailing.

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What is the shape of the Earth

The Earth is round in shape and its surface is curved.

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What are the features of a map?

It can be big or small in size and shows all the details of a place

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Study Notes

  • Earth is the third planet from the Sun, appearing blue from space due to its water and is therefore known as the watery or blue planet.

Unique Characteristics of Earth

  • Life exists on Earth because of its optimal distance from the Sun, providing suitable temperatures for living things.
  • Earth is neither too close nor too far from the sun, giving it the right temperture to sustain life
  • The atmosphere, a layer of air, sustains life by providing air for breathing and plant photosynthesis, and allowing plants to make food.
  • Earth's surface includes both land and water, essential for all living organisms.
  • The presence of life makes Earth a unique planet.

Shape of the Earth

  • Ancient people thought Earth was flat with edges, fearing they would fall off if they traveled too far.
  • Figures like Aristotle and Nicolaus Copernicus suggested Earth was round, like a ball, and had no edges.
  • Ferdinand Magellan's voyage, which circumnavigated the globe, proved Earth is round after a three year journey. Magellan's voyage began in Spain and involved sailing west, taking approximately three years to return to the starting point.
  • Pictures from space confirm Earth's round shape, like an orange, slightly flat at the poles.

Tools to Study Earth

  • Globes and maps are essential tools for studying Earth, as the planet is too large to view in its entirety.

Globes

  • Globes are three-dimensional models that accurately represent the distribution of land, water, shapes, sizes, and locations of continents and oceans on Earth.
  • Globes are difficult to transport, lack detailed information, cannot represent parts of Earth, and only show one half at a time
  • Globes show the correct shapes, size, and locations of continents and oceans.

Maps

  • Maps are two-dimensional drawings representing Earth's surface or a part of it, useful for showing continents, countries, cities, and neighborhoods.
  • A collection of maps is called an atlas.
  • Maps can vary in size and provide detailed information about locations.
  • Maps cannot accurately represent the curved surface of the Earth on a flat surface, though small areas can be accurately represented. It is impossible to accurately show a curved surface on a flat surface without creasing.
  • Maps can show continents, countries, cities and even neighborhoods.
  • Maps are better than a globe because they provide more details of specific locations.

Directions

  • Directions help locate places in relation to others, such as Panipat being north of Delhi.
  • There are four main directions.
  • The four main directions are north, south, east, and west, also known as cardinal directions.
  • On a map, north is at the top, south at the bottom, east on the right, and west on the left.
  • Facing the rising Sun in the morning allows you to determine directions: you face east, west is behind you, north is to your left, and south is to your right. This can be done by stretching out both hands.
  • A compass is an instrument with a needle that always points north, aiding sailors and others in finding directions.

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