Abomasal Displacement

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following conditions can be associated with Left Displaced Abomasum (LDA) in cattle?

  • Chronic laminitis
  • Milk fever
  • Ketosis (correct)
  • Displaced fracture

During a physical exam of a cow, where should you auscultate to detect a 'ping' indicating a possible LDA?

  • Right abdomen, over the paralumbar fossa
  • Dorsal midline, over the spine
  • Left abdomen, between the 9th and 12th intercostal spaces (correct)
  • Right abdomen, cranial to the udder

What is the most critical and immediate concern associated with a Right Abomasal Volvulus (RAV) in cattle?

  • Mild dehydration
  • Rapid progression to shock and hypovolemia (correct)
  • Decreased rumen motility
  • Gradual weight loss

While performing an abdominal percussion and auscultation on a cow, you detect a 'ping' on the right side. Which of the following structures could potentially be the source of the ping?

<p>Cecum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical approach involves suturing the abomasum to the body wall to prevent further displacement?

<p>Abomasopexy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of performing an omentopexy or pyloropexy as part of an abomasal displacement surgery?

<p>To prevent recurrence of abomasal displacement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical approach to correcting abomasal displacement involves making an incision on the ventral midline of the cow?

<p>Ventral approach (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following surgical options for correcting abomasal displacements utilizes specialized instruments inserted through small incisions, often resulting in less tissue trauma?

<p>Laparoscopic abomasopexy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Following surgical correction of an LDA, what is a typical post-operative consideration for a routine case?

<p>Suture removal in approximately 2 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is sometimes involved in a Right Abomasal Volvulus along with the abomasum?

<p>Omasum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 'sorting TMR' in the history of a cow suspected of having an LDA?

<p>Suggests the cow is eating the grain out of the TMR and leaving the roughage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A dairy cow is diagnosed with a right-displaced abomasum (RDA). What is the most likely consequence if the condition is left untreated?

<p>Rapid progression to right abomasal volvulus (RAV) and associated complications (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What diagnostic technique involves simultaneously tapping and listening to the abdomen to identify the location and size of gas-filled structures?

<p>Simultaneous percussion and auscultation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the listed surgical approaches is NOT commonly used for correcting abomasal displacements in cattle?

<p>Transsternal approach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'blind toggle' procedure in the context of abomasal displacement surgery?

<p>A ventral approach where the abomasum is fixed using specialized instruments without direct visualization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following displacement types is considered an emergency?

<p>RAV (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT typically associated with LDA?

<p>Fever (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The abomasum is located on the _______ side in a LDA and the _______ side in a RDA.

<p>left, right (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of surgical correction of a RAV?

<p>Correct the volvulus and restore blood supply (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a 'ping' caused by peritonitis or rumen cap in the left abdomen?

<p>The location of the 'ping' is different than that of an LDA. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the left flank approach a common location for LDA surgeries?

<p>It is closest to the abomasum when displaced left (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases might be a complication of both LDA and RDA?

<p>Abomasal ulcers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An intermittent displacement of the abomasum is:

<p>Likely a 'floater' or partially displaced abomasum. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to seek immediate assistance with an RDA case?

<p>It can rapidly become a RAV. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When surgically correcting a RAV, what surgical approach is useful to replace the abomasum?

<p>They are all useful (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical approach involves the use of a 'spiker tool'.

<p>Right flank abomasopexy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The abdomen should be auscultated over which intercostal spaces when diagnosing a LDA?

<p>The 9-12 intercostal spaces (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is attached to either the omentum or pyloric antrum?

<p>Right flank Pexy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a typical postoperative consideration following routine LDA surgery?

<p>Removing sutures after approximately two weeks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does 'sorting TMR' mean for a cow with a suspected LDA?

<p>The cow favors roughage over grain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A dairy cow exhibits decreased milk production, and preference for roughage over grain, and displays 'pings' on the left side during abdominal auscultation. Which is the most likely diagnosis?

<p>Left Abomasal Displacement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to differentiate a right-side 'ping' caused by an RDA or RAV from other potential causes, such as peritonitis, cecal distension, or a uterine torsion?

<p>Only RDA and RAV require immediate surgical intervention, differentiating them helps expedite treatment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which surgical correction methods can be used to correct an LDA?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to auscultation, what other method is used when diagnosing an abomasal displacement?

<p>Simultaneous percussion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Abomasal Displacement

The abomasum can shift to the left (LDA), right (RDA), or twist (RAV). It can also be intermittent or partially displaced.

Percussion and Auscultation

Listening and tapping on the abdomen to detect a 'ping' sound, indicating gas accumulation.

LDA History

Waxing and waning milk production, ketosis, preference for roughage, and potential complications.

Left Abdomen ping

Often located between the 9th and 12th intercostal spaces. Simultaneous Percussion and auscultation to illicit a 'ping'.

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RDA History

Similar to LDA, but on the right side. Can rapidly progress to RAV.

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Right Abomasal Volvulus (RAV)

A life-threatening condition where the abomasum twists, leading to shock and ileus.

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Right sided pings

Abomasum, Cecum, Uterus or Rectum.

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Auscultation and Succussion

Listening for sloshing sounds indicating fluid and gas mixing in the abomasum.

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Abomasopexy

Securing the abomasum to the body wall after repositioning.

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Omentopexy

Securing the omentum to the body wall to help prevent further abomasal displacement.

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Pyloropexy

Securing the pylorus to the body wall, preventing displacement.

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Ventral Approach

A surgical approach involving incision along the ventral midline.

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Blind Toggle

A technique using a specialized instrument to tack the abomasum in place without direct visualization.

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Left Flank Abomasopexy

Attaching the abomasum to the flank on the left side.

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Ventral Paramedian Abomasopexy

Attaching the abomasum along the ventral midline.

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Study Notes

  • Abomasal surgery involves procedures for dealing with displacement of the abomasum.
  • Displacement can manifest include left displacement, right displacement, right abomasal volvulus, or intermittently with a "floater" or partial displacement.

LDA History

  • Waxing and waning milk production, ketosis, and preference for roughage over grain are indicative of LDA.
  • LDA cases may have complications such as abomasal ulcers, peritonitis, toxic metritis, mastitis, and concurrent metabolic disease.

LDA Auscultation

  • Auscultate the left abdomen over the 9-12th intercostal spaces.
  • Simultaneous percussion and auscultation needed to detect a "ping" sound.
  • Pings on the left side may indicate left displaced abomasum, peritonitis, or rumen cap issues.

RDA History

  • The symptoms are often similar to LDA, but with pings occur on the right side and if left unchecked the cases rapidly become RAV.
  • Right Abomasal Volvulus (RAV) can rapidly develop if RDA is left untreated, it demands immediate intervention due to potential shock, hypovolemia and ileus.

Right Side Pings

  • Pings on the right side can indicate issues with the abomasum, cecum, uterus, rectum, duodenum, small intestine, or spiral colon.
  • Auscultation and succussion are important diagnostic techniques.

Replacing the Abomasum

  • After replacing the abomasum, implement methods such as Abomasopexy using a Left side approach to keep it there.
  • Other approach methods are Right side and Ventral approach. -Use Omentopexy or Pyloropexy (pyloric antrum pexy) using the Right side approach -"Blind toggle" or Abomasopexy using the Ventral approach

Left Flank Abomasopexy

  • Left Flank Abomasopexy, is performed with a suture technique after replacing LDA with an incision on the animals flank.

Ventral Paramedian Abomasopexy

  • The incision is made through the ventral paramedian to secure the abomasum in place.

Ventral "Blind Toggle" Abomasopexy

  • It is done using a specific tool to attach the abomasum to the abdominal wall without direct visualization.

Right Flank Pexy, Omentum or Pyloric Antrum

  • The omentum or pyloric antrum is sutured to the right flank to prevent further displacement.

Other Options

  • Laparoscopic abomasopexy.
  • Spiker Tool for Right Flank abomasopexy.
  • Ventral blind suture (different from toggle).

Post Op

  • After a routine LDA surgery, remove sutures in 2 weeks.
  • Prolonged displacements and RAV cases may have prolonged recovery.

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