Abnormalities of Chromosome Structure
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Questions and Answers

What is the result of failed homologous chromosomes recombination during meiosis I?

  • Chromosome missegregation (correct)
  • Normal chromosomal combination
  • Chromosomal structural rearrangements
  • Genome instability in cancer

    • What type of chromosomal structural rearrangement results in a gain or loss of genetic material?

  • Balanced inversion
  • Unbalanced rearrangement (correct)
  • Unbalanced inversion
  • Balanced translocation

    • What is the term for a chromosome with two identical arms?

  • Isochromosome (correct)
  • Monosomy
  • Translocation
  • Trisomy

    • What is the term for a chromosomal structural rearrangement involving a change in the orientation of a segment of a chromosome?

    <p>Inversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a chromosomal abnormality where a person has an extra copy of a particular chromosome?

    <p>Trisomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the process in which the chromosome number is reduced by half in meiosis?

    <p>Meiosis I</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which stage of meiosis do homologous chromosomes synapse?

    <p>Zygotene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of the genome that actually encodes proteins?

    <p>Less than 1.5%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of an isochromosome?

    <p>Partial trisomy and partial monosomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition where there is an extra copy of a part of a chromosome?

    <p>Trisomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main component of functional centromeres and forms the main structural constituent of heterochromatin?

    <p>Satellite DNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of translocation involves the exchange of segments between two non-homologous chromosomes?

    <p>Reciprocal translocation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of mitosis in somatic cells?

    <p>Diploid cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the loss of part of a chromosome?

    <p>Monosomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a chromosomal abnormality where a segment of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches to the same chromosome, but in reverse order?

    <p>Inversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a duplication of a chromosome segment?

    <p>Partial trisomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of having a single copy of genetic material that normally requires two copies to function?

    <p>Haploinsufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the loss of a chromosome segment, causing a chromosome imbalance?

    <p>Deletion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a deletion of a chromosome segment?

    <p>Partial monosomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a chromosome with a deletion at the end of a chromosome?

    <p>Terminal deletion</p> Signup and view all the answers

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