Abnormal Psychology: Anxiety and Depression

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Questions and Answers

What is the main objective of highlighting actions that the client performs poorly in an assessment?

  • To indicate problems with a particular brain region (correct)
  • To identify the client's strengths
  • To develop a treatment plan
  • To assess the client's intelligence

What is the diathesis-stress model trying to explain?

  • How psychological disorders arise from a vulnerability coupled with stressful circumstances (correct)
  • The role of environment in psychological disorders
  • The impact of genetics on psychological disorders
  • The importance of family dynamics in psychological disorders

What is the focus of the biological perspective in understanding psychological disorders?

  • Physiological factors, such as genetics (correct)
  • Cognitive-behavioral factors
  • Sociocultural factors
  • Environmental factors

What is the role of genetic factors in psychological disorders?

<p>They affect the production and levels of neurotransmitters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the family systems model?

<p>Consider problems within an individual as indicating problems within the family (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the sociocultural model?

<p>View psychopathology as a result of the interaction between individuals and their cultures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a psychological disorder that is more common in lower socioeconomic classes?

<p>Schizophrenia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can environmental effects on the body influence?

<p>The development and course of psychological disorders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of assessment in psychology?

<p>To make a diagnosis so that appropriate treatment can be provided (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the p dimension?

<p>It reflects low to high psychopathology severity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative primarily meant for?

<p>To guide research rather than classify disorders for treatment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the tendency to experience frequent and intense negative emotions called?

<p>Neuroticism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ongoing assessment in psychology?

<p>To understand whether specific situations might cause a worsening of the disorder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the neuropsychological method used for?

<p>To assess cognitive, behavioral, or emotional functioning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of an individual's p score?

<p>It is likely to remain stable over time (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the RDoC initiative?

<p>Understanding the processes that give rise to disordered thoughts, emotions, and behaviors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which personality disorder is linked to reduced frontal lobe capacity and a history of trauma?

<p>Borderline personality disorder (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of antisocial personality disorder?

<p>Lack of remorse (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for antisocial personality disorder?

<p>Disregard for safety of self or others (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what minimum age can antisocial personality disorder be diagnosed?

<p>18 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which biological risk factor is NOT associated with antisocial personality disorder?

<p>Higher levels of stress hormones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which childhood trait is a psychological risk factor for developing antisocial personality disorder?

<p>Low levels of anxiety (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom associated with autism spectrum disorder?

<p>Deficits in social interaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about Asperger's syndrome?

<p>Normal intelligence but deficits in social interaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes echolalia in the context of autism spectrum disorder?

<p>Mindlessly repeating words or phrases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is associated with children on the autism spectrum when changes occur in daily routines or environment?

<p>Extreme agitation or tantrums (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What social interaction impairment might babies with autism exhibit?

<p>Lack of response to vocalizations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior is common in children with autism when they play?

<p>Repetitive and obsessive focus on objects' sensory aspects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do children with autism spectrum disorder generally fail to do in social interactions?

<p>Establish eye contact (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what way do children with autism spectrum disorder typically use language?

<p>Interpreting language literally (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do children with autism typically react to their environment?

<p>They are acutely aware of their surroundings but oblivious to people (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What repetitive behaviors might be observed in children with autism?

<p>Strange hand movements and body rocking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the end of a fugue state?

<p>A sudden awareness of the surroundings (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Dissociative Identity Disorder?

<p>Identities present in consciousness at the same time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an argument used to explain fragmentation of personality in D.I.D.?

<p>Genetic predisposition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is commonly seen in patients with Dissociative Identity Disorder?

<p>Major depressive episodes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following differences is LESS likely to be seen among personalities in D.I.D. patients?

<p>Different core memories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which brain activity is heightened in D.I.D. patients?

<p>Activity in areas associated with traumatic memories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of alterations characterize Schizophrenia?

<p>Alterations in thoughts, perceptions, or consciousness leading to psychosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can psychosis be best described?

<p>A mental split from reality and rationality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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