Abnormal Psychology: Anxiety and Depression

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What is the main objective of highlighting actions that the client performs poorly in an assessment?

To indicate problems with a particular brain region (correct)

To identify the client's strengths

To develop a treatment plan

To assess the client's intelligence

What is the diathesis-stress model trying to explain?

How psychological disorders arise from a vulnerability coupled with stressful circumstances (correct)

The role of environment in psychological disorders

The impact of genetics on psychological disorders

The importance of family dynamics in psychological disorders

What is the focus of the biological perspective in understanding psychological disorders?

Physiological factors, such as genetics (correct)

Cognitive-behavioral factors

Sociocultural factors

Environmental factors

What is the role of genetic factors in psychological disorders?

They affect the production and levels of neurotransmitters Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the family systems model?

Consider problems within an individual as indicating problems within the family Signup and view all the answers

What is the main idea behind the sociocultural model?

View psychopathology as a result of the interaction between individuals and their cultures Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a psychological disorder that is more common in lower socioeconomic classes?

Schizophrenia Signup and view all the answers

What can environmental effects on the body influence?

The development and course of psychological disorders Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of assessment in psychology?

To make a diagnosis so that appropriate treatment can be provided Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the p dimension?

It reflects low to high psychopathology severity Signup and view all the answers

What is the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative primarily meant for?

To guide research rather than classify disorders for treatment Signup and view all the answers

What is the tendency to experience frequent and intense negative emotions called?

Neuroticism Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of ongoing assessment in psychology?

To understand whether specific situations might cause a worsening of the disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is the neuropsychological method used for?

To assess cognitive, behavioral, or emotional functioning Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of an individual's p score?

It is likely to remain stable over time Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the RDoC initiative?

Understanding the processes that give rise to disordered thoughts, emotions, and behaviors Signup and view all the answers

Which personality disorder is linked to reduced frontal lobe capacity and a history of trauma?

Borderline personality disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of antisocial personality disorder?

Lack of remorse Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for antisocial personality disorder?

Disregard for safety of self or others Signup and view all the answers

At what minimum age can antisocial personality disorder be diagnosed?

18 Signup and view all the answers

Which biological risk factor is NOT associated with antisocial personality disorder?

Higher levels of stress hormones Signup and view all the answers

Which childhood trait is a psychological risk factor for developing antisocial personality disorder?

Low levels of anxiety Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom associated with autism spectrum disorder?

Deficits in social interaction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about Asperger's syndrome?

Normal intelligence but deficits in social interaction Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes echolalia in the context of autism spectrum disorder?

Mindlessly repeating words or phrases Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is associated with children on the autism spectrum when changes occur in daily routines or environment?

Extreme agitation or tantrums Signup and view all the answers

What social interaction impairment might babies with autism exhibit?

Lack of response to vocalizations Signup and view all the answers

Which behavior is common in children with autism when they play?

Repetitive and obsessive focus on objects' sensory aspects Signup and view all the answers

What do children with autism spectrum disorder generally fail to do in social interactions?

Establish eye contact Signup and view all the answers

In what way do children with autism spectrum disorder typically use language?

Interpreting language literally Signup and view all the answers

How do children with autism typically react to their environment?

They are acutely aware of their surroundings but oblivious to people Signup and view all the answers

What repetitive behaviors might be observed in children with autism?

Strange hand movements and body rocking Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the end of a fugue state?

A sudden awareness of the surroundings Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Dissociative Identity Disorder?

Identities present in consciousness at the same time Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an argument used to explain fragmentation of personality in D.I.D.?

Genetic predisposition Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is commonly seen in patients with Dissociative Identity Disorder?

Major depressive episodes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following differences is LESS likely to be seen among personalities in D.I.D. patients?

Different core memories Signup and view all the answers

Which brain activity is heightened in D.I.D. patients?

Activity in areas associated with traumatic memories Signup and view all the answers

What kind of alterations characterize Schizophrenia?

Alterations in thoughts, perceptions, or consciousness leading to psychosis Signup and view all the answers

How can psychosis be best described?

A mental split from reality and rationality Signup and view all the answers