12 Questions
What is the normal range for PaO2 in mmHg?
80-100
What is the normal range for FEV1/FVC ratio?
>0.7
What is the normal range for Hb in men?
13-17
What is the normal range for BP?
120/80
What is the normal range for pH?
7.35-7.45
What is the normal range for RR?
12-20
What is the normal range for SpO2?
94% +
Which of the following would indicate alkalosis?
pH is high, PCO2 is low
What is the normal range for HCO3 in mmol/L?
22-26
Which part of the ECG wave represents ventricular repolarisation?
T wave
What is the normal range for WCC in /L?
4-11
What type of disorder is indicated by a reduced FEV1?
Obstructive disorder
Study Notes
Normal Ranges
- Respiratory Rate (RR): 12-20 breaths per minute
- Oxygen Saturation (SpO2): ≥94%
- Heart Rate (HR): 60-100 beats per minute
- Blood Pressure (BP): 120/80 mmHg
- Body Temperature: 37°C
Pulmonary Function Tests
- Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC): ≥80%
- FEV1/FVC ratio: >0.7
Blood Gas Analysis
- pH: 7.35-7.45
- Partial Pressure of Oxygen (PaO2): 80-100 mmHg
- Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (PaCO2): 35-45 mmHg
- Bicarbonate (HCO3): 22-26 mmol/L
- Base Excess (BE): -2 to +2 mmol/L
Acid-Base Balance
- Alkalosis: pH increases, PCO2 decreases
- Acidosis: pH decreases, PCO2 increases
- Respiratory Acidosis: pH decreases, PCO2 increases, HCO3 decreases
- Metabolic Acidosis: pH decreases, HCO3 decreases
- Respiratory Alkalosis: pH increases, PCO2 decreases, HCO3 increases
- Metabolic Alkalosis: pH increases, HCO3 increases
Blood Results
- Hemoglobin (Hb): 13-17 g/dL (Men), 12-15 g/dL (Women)
- White Cell Count (WCC): 4-11 x 10^9/L
ECG Interpretation
- P wave: atrial depolarization
- QRS complex: ventricular depolarization, atrial repolarization
- T wave: ventricular repolarization
- PR interval: atrial depolarization to ventricular depolarization
Spirometry
- Flow-Volume Graph: measures lung function
- Volume-Time Graph: measures lung function
Inflammation Marker
- C-Reactive Protein (CRP): elevated in inflammation
Normal Ranges
- Respiratory Rate (RR): 12-20 breaths per minute
- Oxygen Saturation (SpO2): ≥94%
- Heart Rate (HR): 60-100 beats per minute
- Blood Pressure (BP): 120/80 mmHg
- Body Temperature: 37°C
Pulmonary Function Tests
- Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC): ≥80%
- FEV1/FVC ratio: >0.7
Blood Gas Analysis
- pH: 7.35-7.45
- Partial Pressure of Oxygen (PaO2): 80-100 mmHg
- Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (PaCO2): 35-45 mmHg
- Bicarbonate (HCO3): 22-26 mmol/L
- Base Excess (BE): -2 to +2 mmol/L
Acid-Base Balance
- Alkalosis: pH increases, PCO2 decreases
- Acidosis: pH decreases, PCO2 increases
- Respiratory Acidosis: pH decreases, PCO2 increases, HCO3 decreases
- Metabolic Acidosis: pH decreases, HCO3 decreases
- Respiratory Alkalosis: pH increases, PCO2 decreases, HCO3 increases
- Metabolic Alkalosis: pH increases, HCO3 increases
Blood Results
- Hemoglobin (Hb): 13-17 g/dL (Men), 12-15 g/dL (Women)
- White Cell Count (WCC): 4-11 x 10^9/L
ECG Interpretation
- P wave: atrial depolarization
- QRS complex: ventricular depolarization, atrial repolarization
- T wave: ventricular repolarization
- PR interval: atrial depolarization to ventricular depolarization
Spirometry
- Flow-Volume Graph: measures lung function
- Volume-Time Graph: measures lung function
Inflammation Marker
- C-Reactive Protein (CRP): elevated in inflammation
This quiz covers the normal values of various physiological parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, and blood gas results. It also includes the interpretation of arterial blood gas (ABG) results.
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