26 Questions
What is a potential cause of external abdominal hernia?
Previous operation
What is a consequence of weakness in the abdominal wall?
External abdominal hernia
What is a component of external abdominal hernia?
Defect
What can cause straining?
All of the above
What is a risk factor for weakness in the abdominal wall?
All of the above
What is the characteristic of the neck part of the abdominal cavity?
It is the narrowest part of the abdominal cavity
Which of the following is NOT a content of the abdominal cavity?
Pancreas
What type of hernia is characterized by a portion of the circumference of the intestine?
Richter hernia
What is the term for a hernia that contains Mekels Diverticulum's?
Littre hernia
What is the term for a hernia that contains two loops of intestine?
External abdominal hernia
What type of hernia is characterized by a portion of the urinary bladder?
Cystocele
What is the characteristic texture of an omentocele?
Soft and doughy
What is the pattern of reduction in a hernia?
First more difficult, last easier
What is the sound produced during percussion of a hernia?
Dull
What is the characteristic of a hernia in terms of gurgling?
Gurgling is never present
What is the main cause of an umbilical granuloma?
Chronic irritation
What type of tumor can occur in the umbilicus?
Squamous cell carcinoma
What is a common complication of the umbilicus?
Umbilical hernia
How is an umbilical granuloma often treated?
Application of silver nitrate
What is another name for a mass of granulation tissue in the umbilicus?
Umbilical granuloma
What is the percentage of inguinal hernia among the types of hernia?
73%
What is the definition of external abdominal hernia?
A protrusion of a viscus or part of a viscus within a peritoneal sac through an opening or a weak part of the abdominal wall
What is the second most common type of hernia?
Incisional hernia
What is the cause of congenital external abdominal hernia?
Due to presence of a congenitally performed sac
Which of the following is not a type of external abdominal hernia?
Internal abdominal hernia
What is the percentage of rare types of hernia?
1.5%
Study Notes
External Abdominal Hernia
- Hernia occurs due to straining caused by cough, constipation, urinary tract obstruction, and prostate issues in the elderly
- Weakness of the abdominal wall can cause hernia, which can be due to:
- Abd muscle stretch (obesity)
- Previous operation
- Components of hernia:
- Defects: sac, mouth, neck, fundus, and body
- Neck is the proximal narrowest part
- Contents: any abdominal content except pancreas
Types of Hernia
- External abdominal hernia:
- Inguinal hernia (73%)
- Femoral hernia (17%)
- Umbilical hernia (8.5%)
- Rare types of hernia (1.5%)
- Internal abdominal hernia
Causes of External Abdominal Hernia
- Congenital causes:
- Presence of congenital peritoneal sac
- Remnants of processus vaginalis in congenital inguinal hernia
- Un-obliterated physiological umbilical hernia as in congenital umbilical hernia
- Acquired causes:
- Increased intra-abdominal pressure (chronic)
- Weakness of the abdominal wall
- Other factors (obesity, previous operation)
###contents of External Abdominal Hernia
- Intestine: Enterocele
- Omentum: Omentocele
- Portion of intestine: Richter hernia
- Meckel's Diverticulum: Littre hernia
- Ovary with or without Fallopian tube
- Two loops of intestine: Maydl hernia
- Portion of urinary bladder: Cystocele
Diseases of Umbilicus
- Umbilical granuloma: mass of granulation tissue due to chronic irritation, treated with silver nitrate
- Umbilical hernia
- Tumor of umbilicus: squamous cell carcinoma (rare), secondaries from stomach, pancreas, liver, and breast
This quiz covers abdominal hernia, its causes, symptoms, and related health issues such as urinary tract obstruction, constipation, and weakness of the abdominal wall. It also explores the components of external abdominal hernia.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
