Questions and Answers
What is negative reinforcement?
What is positive reinforcement?
What is the difference between positive and negative reinforcement?
Positive reinforcement produces a stimulus that was absent, while negative reinforcement terminates a stimulus that was present.
What is the difference between negative reinforcement and punishment?
Signup and view all the answers
What does escape mean in the context of negative reinforcement?
Signup and view all the answers
What does avoidance mean in negative reinforcement?
Signup and view all the answers
What is unconditioned negative reinforcement?
Signup and view all the answers
What is conditioned negative reinforcement?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the two main sources of negative reinforcement?
Signup and view all the answers
What is social negative reinforcement?
Signup and view all the answers
What is automatic negative reinforcement?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the four factors that influence the effectiveness of negative reinforcement?
Signup and view all the answers
What are behavioral replacement strategies?
Signup and view all the answers
What is an establishing operation?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Negative Reinforcement Concepts
- Negative Reinforcement: Involves the removal or reduction of an aversive stimulus following a behavior, which increases the likelihood of that behavior occurring in the future.
- Positive Reinforcement: Involves the introduction of a pleasant stimulus following a behavior, enhancing the probability of that behavior being repeated.
Comparison of Reinforcement Types
- Difference between Positive and Negative Reinforcement: Positive reinforcement adds a stimulus to increase behavior; negative reinforcement removes an existing stimulus to enhance behavior.
- Difference between Negative Reinforcement and Punishment: Negative reinforcement increases behavior by terminating a negative stimulus; punishment decreases behavior by introducing an aversive stimulus following the behavior.
Types of Reinforcements
- Escape: The action of removing oneself from an aversive stimulus to stop discomfort.
- Avoidance: The proactive measure of staying away from aversive stimuli.
- Unconditioned Negative Reinforcement: Directly unpleasant stimuli, such as loud noises or shocks, which naturally strengthen behaviors when eliminated.
- Conditioned Negative Reinforcement: Neutral stimuli that gain reinforcing properties through association with unconditioned stimuli.
Sources of Negative Reinforcement
- Social Negative Reinforcement: Involves interpersonal interactions, such as seeking help or medical attention to alleviate discomfort.
- Automatic Negative Reinforcement: Involves self-administered removal of discomfort, like taking medicine for a headache.
Effectiveness Factors
-
Four Influential Factors:
- The reinforcing stimulus must follow the target behavior immediately.
- Higher magnitude of reinforcement enhances effectiveness.
- Consistent occurrences of the target response must reliably lead to the alleviation of the aversive conditions.
- Reinforcement must be unavailable for alternative behaviors.
Behavioral Strategies
- Behavioral Replacement Strategies: Strengthens more socially acceptable behaviors by applying negative reinforcement techniques.
Establishing Operation
- Establishing Operation (EO): A condition or event that influences the effectiveness of a reinforcer or punisher, establishing motivations for particular behaviors.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
This quiz focuses on key concepts of negative and positive reinforcement in Applied Behavior Analysis. It tests your understanding of how these reinforcements influence behavior. Prepare to challenge your grasp of ABA principles with these flashcards!