AB545 Positive Punishment Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Define punishment

A behavior has a stimulus change that decreases the future frequency of the behavior

Define negative punishment

The stimulus change (consequence) can be removal of stimulus that decreases the future frequency of behavior

Define positive punishment

The stimulus change (consequence) can be addition of stimulus that decreases the future frequency of behavior

What are examples of unconditioned punishers?

<p>Painful stimulation (e.g., physical trauma), certain odors and tastes, physical restraint, loss of bodily support, and extreme muscular effort</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of conditioned punishers?

<p>A person's conditioning history, tone conditioned when paired enough time with the shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the factors influencing the effectiveness of punishment?

<p>Immediacy, intensity, the schedule and consistency of punishment, reinforcement for the target behavior, reinforcement for alternative behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the potential side effects of punishment?

<p>Elicitation of undesirable emotional responding, evocation of aggression, escape and avoidance, increased frequency of the problem behavior, modeling undesirable behavior, and overusing punishment</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the positive punishment interventions?

<p>Reprimands, response blocking, response interruption and redirection (RIRD), contingent exercise, overcorrection, restitutional overcorrection, positive practice overcorrection</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define reprimands

<p>The delivery of verbal reprimands following the occurrence of misbehavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define response blocking

<p>Physically intervening as soon as the person begins to emit the problem behavior to prevent or block the completion of the response</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the side effects of response blocking?

<p>Side effects such as aggression and resistance to the response blocking procedure have occurred in some studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define response interruption and redirection (RIRD)

<p>Interrupt the targeted response, redirect to high probability behaviors, can be used alongside other procedures</p> Signup and view all the answers

Example of RIRD

<p>Interrupt the target behavior either by motor or vocal and redirect to a behavior the client knows and can engage in</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define contingent exercise

<p>An intervention in which a person is required to perform a response that is not topographically related to the problem behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Example of contingent exercise

<p>If a child is yelling, have the child do 10 jumping jacks</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define overcorrection

<p>Effortful behavior related to problem behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define restitutional overcorrection

<p>The learner is required to repair or return the environment to its original state and then engage in additional behavior to improve it</p> Signup and view all the answers

Example of restitution overcorrection

<p>A child would clean mud and sweep the entire floor after running inside with muddy shoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Define positive practice overcorrection

<p>The learner is required to repeat a correct form of the behavior or a behavior incompatible with the problem, a specified number of times</p> Signup and view all the answers

Example of positive practice overcorrection

<p>If a child slams doors, they would have to open and shut doors nicely three times</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the acronym for the guidelines for using punishment effectively?

<p>PLS, BE KIND</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the guidelines for using punishment effectively?

<p>The guidelines include clarity, consistency, and ensuring the punishment is fair and appropriate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Definitions of Punishment

  • Punishment: A stimulus change that reduces the future frequency of a behavior.
  • Negative Punishment: Removal of a stimulus that decreases future behavior frequency.
  • Positive Punishment: Addition of a stimulus following a behavior that decreases its future frequency.

Types of Punishers

  • Unconditioned Punishers: Examples include painful stimuli (physical trauma), aversive odors and tastes, physical restraint, and extreme muscular effort.
  • Conditioned Punishers: Derived from a person’s conditioning history, such as a tone paired with a shock.

Factors Influencing Punishment Effectiveness

  • Immediacy: The promptness of the punishment after the behavior.
  • Intensity: The strength of the punishment administered.
  • Schedule and Consistency: Regular and consistent application improves effectiveness.
  • Reinforcement: Availability of reinforcement for the target or alternative behaviors.

Potential Side Effects of Punishment

  • Elicits undesirable emotions, potential aggression, escape behaviors, and avoidance.
  • Increases problem behavior frequency when punishment is not applied.
  • Can lead to modeling of undesirable behaviors.
  • Does not instruct on appropriate alternatives.
  • Risk of overuse due to negative reinforcement effects.

Positive Punishment Interventions

  • Reprimands: Verbal disapproval (e.g., "No!").
  • Response Blocking: Physically intervening to stop the problem behavior.
  • Response Interruption and Redirection (RIRD): Interrupting the undesirable behavior and redirecting to acceptable actions.
  • Contingent Exercise: Requiring a non-related behavior after misbehavior.
  • Overcorrection: Engaging in effortful behavior related to correcting the misbehavior.
    • Restitutional Overcorrection: Restoring the environment to a better condition post-misbehavior.
    • Positive Practice Overcorrection: Repeating an acceptable behavior or incompatible behavior a specified number of times.

Examples of Interventions

  • Response Blocking: Preventing completion of a negative action.
  • RIRD Example: Interrupting yelling by redirecting to quiet play.
  • Contingent Exercise Example: Requiring ten jumping jacks for yelling.
  • Restitutional Overcorrection Example: Cleaning muddy footprints in the house.
  • Positive Practice Overcorrection Example: Repeatedly wiping boots before entering the house.

Guidelines for Effective Punishment

  • The acronym PLS, BE KIND serves as a reminder for utilizing effective punishment techniques.

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Description

This quiz provides flashcards on the concepts of punishment in behavioral psychology. It includes definitions and examples of positive punishment, negative punishment, and general punishment, aimed to enhance understanding of these key terms. Perfect for students studying psychology related to behavior modification.

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