Lecture 3

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What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

Protect the neuron from damage

Receive signals from other neurons (correct)

Transmit signals to other neurons

Conduct electrical impulses away from the cell body

What does the myelin sheath do for an axon?

Stores neurotransmitters for later use

Facilitates the conversion of signals from chemical to electrical

Regulates ion concentration inside the neuron

Insulates the axon and increases the speed of signal transmission (correct)

How do neurons primarily transmit information?

Utilizing binary ‘on’ and ‘off’ signals (correct)

By using chemical signals that only work in specific regions

Through analog continuous signals

By converting light signals into electrical signals

What characteristic of neurons allows them to maintain a resting state with a negative charge inside?

The semipermeable nature of their lipid membranes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the basic anatomy of a neuron?

Ribosome Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a neuron during the polarized state?

The neuron is at rest and has a stable membrane potential. Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the depolarization phase of an action potential?

Sodium ions enter rapidly, reversing the membrane potential. Signup and view all the answers

How does myelin affect the conduction of action potentials?

It increases the resistance and speeds up the propagation of action potentials. Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'all or none' in relation to action potentials?

An action potential is either fully triggered or not at all. Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperpolarization refer to after an action potential?

The neuron cannot respond to another action potential immediately. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about neuron signaling is true?

Neurons convey only one bit of information digitally. Signup and view all the answers

What occurs immediately after the action potential spikes?

The neuron immediately begins a refractory period. Signup and view all the answers

What role do ion channels play in the action potential of neurons?

They open and close in response to changes in membrane potential. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way that neurons communicate with one another?

Via chemical transmission across synapses Signup and view all the answers

What determines the specificity of neurotransmitter binding to receptors?

The structure of the receptor and neurotransmitter Signup and view all the answers

How can psychoactive drugs affect neurotransmission?

By mimicking or blocking neurotransmitters Signup and view all the answers

What process is responsible for ending the effect of neurotransmitters in the synapse?

Re-uptake and enzymatic degradation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the axon in neuron function?

To transmit action potentials away from the neuron Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the transmission speed of neurons?

High speed due to myelination and short synaptic clefts Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following neurotransmitters are associated with recreational drugs?

Dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of synaptic cleft?

10-20 nm wide Signup and view all the answers

What effect do excitatory neurotransmitters have on the postsynaptic neuron?

They excite the postsynaptic neuron, promoting action potentials Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes how neurons are characterized in terms of the information they convey?

They convey only one bit of information Signup and view all the answers

Lecture 3

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

What does the myelin sheath do for an axon?

How do neurons primarily transmit information?

What characteristic of neurons allows them to maintain a resting state with a negative charge inside?

Which of the following is NOT a part of the basic anatomy of a neuron?

What characterizes a neuron during the polarized state?

What happens during the depolarization phase of an action potential?

How does myelin affect the conduction of action potentials?

What is meant by the term 'all or none' in relation to action potentials?

What does hyperpolarization refer to after an action potential?

Which statement about neuron signaling is true?

What occurs immediately after the action potential spikes?

What role do ion channels play in the action potential of neurons?

What is the primary way that neurons communicate with one another?

What determines the specificity of neurotransmitter binding to receptors?

How can psychoactive drugs affect neurotransmission?

What process is responsible for ending the effect of neurotransmitters in the synapse?

What is the role of the axon in neuron function?

What characterizes the transmission speed of neurons?

Which of the following neurotransmitters are associated with recreational drugs?

What is the structure of synaptic cleft?

What effect do excitatory neurotransmitters have on the postsynaptic neuron?

Which of the following best describes how neurons are characterized in terms of the information they convey?

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