Lecture 3
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

  • Protect the neuron from damage
  • Receive signals from other neurons (correct)
  • Transmit signals to other neurons
  • Conduct electrical impulses away from the cell body

What does the myelin sheath do for an axon?

  • Stores neurotransmitters for later use
  • Facilitates the conversion of signals from chemical to electrical
  • Regulates ion concentration inside the neuron
  • Insulates the axon and increases the speed of signal transmission (correct)

How do neurons primarily transmit information?

  • Utilizing binary ‘on’ and ‘off’ signals (correct)
  • By using chemical signals that only work in specific regions
  • Through analog continuous signals
  • By converting light signals into electrical signals

What characteristic of neurons allows them to maintain a resting state with a negative charge inside?

<p>The semipermeable nature of their lipid membranes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a part of the basic anatomy of a neuron?

<p>Ribosome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a neuron during the polarized state?

<p>The neuron is at rest and has a stable membrane potential. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens during the depolarization phase of an action potential?

<p>Sodium ions enter rapidly, reversing the membrane potential. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does myelin affect the conduction of action potentials?

<p>It increases the resistance and speeds up the propagation of action potentials. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by the term 'all or none' in relation to action potentials?

<p>An action potential is either fully triggered or not at all. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does hyperpolarization refer to after an action potential?

<p>The neuron cannot respond to another action potential immediately. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about neuron signaling is true?

<p>Neurons convey only one bit of information digitally. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs immediately after the action potential spikes?

<p>The neuron immediately begins a refractory period. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do ion channels play in the action potential of neurons?

<p>They open and close in response to changes in membrane potential. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way that neurons communicate with one another?

<p>Via chemical transmission across synapses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the specificity of neurotransmitter binding to receptors?

<p>The structure of the receptor and neurotransmitter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can psychoactive drugs affect neurotransmission?

<p>By mimicking or blocking neurotransmitters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process is responsible for ending the effect of neurotransmitters in the synapse?

<p>Re-uptake and enzymatic degradation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the axon in neuron function?

<p>To transmit action potentials away from the neuron (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the transmission speed of neurons?

<p>High speed due to myelination and short synaptic clefts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following neurotransmitters are associated with recreational drugs?

<p>Dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of synaptic cleft?

<p>10-20 nm wide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect do excitatory neurotransmitters have on the postsynaptic neuron?

<p>They excite the postsynaptic neuron, promoting action potentials (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes how neurons are characterized in terms of the information they convey?

<p>They convey only one bit of information (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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