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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a common infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae?

  • Urinary tract infection
  • Gastrointestinal infection
  • Skin infection
  • Pneumonia (correct)

What is the shape of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

  • Pear-shaped or lanceolate (correct)
  • Spherical
  • Spiral
  • Rod-shaped

What is the unique cultural feature of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

  • Is not inhibited by optochin and bile salts
  • Forms beta-hemolysis on blood agar plates (correct)
  • Forms large colonies on blood agar plates
  • Grows in culture medium enriched with organic liquids

What is the main factor of virulence of pneumococci?

<p>Pneumolysin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of coagulase in Staphylococcus aureus?

<p>Converts fibrinogen to fibrin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the mucus in people with cystic fibrosis?

<p>Thick and sticky (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main morphological characteristic of staphylococci?

<p>Spherical (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toxin is responsible for inducing a potent immune stimulation and causing toxic shock syndrome?

<p>Shock Syndrome Toxin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Protein A in S. aureus?

<p>It binds IgG molecules by their Fc region (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infection is caused by S. aureus growing in the vagina and releasing toxin in the blood?

<p>Toxic shock syndrome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between the colonies formed by S. aureus and S. epidermis on blood agar plates?

<p>S. aureus forms golden colonies and S. epidermis forms white colonies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following infections can be caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Meningitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Pear-shaped or lanceolate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique cultural feature of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Forms small colonies on blood agar plates surrounded by a halo of alpha-hemolysis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toxin is responsible for causing scalded skin syndrome in neonates?

<p>Exfoliative toxin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Protein A in S. aureus?

<p>Binds IgG molecules by their Fc region (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infection is caused by S. aureus growing in the vagina and releasing toxin in the blood?

<p>Toxic shock syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the colonies formed by S. epidermidis on blood agar plates?

<p>White (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor of virulence of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>IgA Protease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of pneumolysin in Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>It acts on ciliated epithelial cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which species of Staphylococcus is coagulase-negative?

<p>S. epidermis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of the mucus in people with cystic fibrosis?

<p>It is sticky and thick (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infections can be caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Meningitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Pear-shaped (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique cultural feature of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Growth inhibited by optochin and bile salts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the capsule of pneumococci?

<p>It inhibits complement activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a factor that mediates colonization in the oropharynx and subsequent migration to the lungs in pneumococci?

<p>IgA Protease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus colonies on solid media?

<p>Golden-colored (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of people with cystic fibrosis?

<p>They have thick, sticky mucus in their airways (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of coagulase in Staphylococcus aureus?

<p>It converts fibrinogen to fibrin, covering the bacterium and protecting it from phagocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Protein A in S. aureus?

<p>It binds IgG molecules by their Fc region, disrupting opsonization and phagocytosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toxin is responsible for causing scalded skin syndrome in neonates?

<p>Exfoliative toxin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is S. saprophyticus often found and what infections can it cause?

<p>It is often found in young sexually active women and can cause urinary tract infection with dysuria and pyuria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common infection caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Meningitis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Pear-shaped (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique cultural feature of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Growth inhibited by bile salts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toxin acts as a superantigen inducing a potent immune stimulation?

<p>Shock Syndrome Toxin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which protein is only present in S. aureus and binds IgG molecules by their Fc region?

<p>Protein A (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is responsible for the degradation of lipids (sebum) with antimicrobial activity in the skin?

<p>Lipase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strain of S. aureus is often found in young sexually active women as a cause of urinary tract infection with dysuria and pyuria?

<p>S. saprophyticus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus colonies on solid media?

<p>They are white (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is responsible for the protection of pneumococci from phagocytosis and inhibition of complement activity?

<p>Capsule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of coagulase in Staphylococcus aureus?

<p>It determines the enveloping of fibrinogen around bacterial cell, interfering the phagocytosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main morphological change in a patient with meningitis?

<p>Inflammation of the meninges (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Streptococcus pneumoniae colonies on blood agar plates?

<p>They form small colonies surrounded by a halo of alpha-hemolysis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of metabolism does Streptococcus pneumoniae use?

<p>Fermentative metabolism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor responsible for the protection of Streptococcus pneumoniae from phagocytosis and inhibition of complement activity?

<p>Capsule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main factor of virulence of pneumococci?

<p>Capsule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of coagulase in Staphylococcus aureus?

<p>Converts fibrinogen into fibrin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of people with cystic fibrosis?

<p>Reduced activity of macrophages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus?

<p>Skin infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of coagulase in Staphylococcus aureus?

<p>It converts fibrinogen into fibrin, which covers the bacterium and protects it from phagocytosis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Protein A in S. aureus?

<p>It binds IgG molecules by their Fc region, disrupting opsonization and phagocytosis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus colonies on solid media?

<p>They form golden colonies. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection is caused by S. saprophyticus and where is it often found?

<p>Urinary tract infections in young sexually active women. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infections can be caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Both forms at the level of the upper respiratory tract and serious and invasive forms such as pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique cultural feature of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Optochin and bile salts sensitivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main site of residence of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>Upper respiratory tract (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Protein A in Staphylococcus aureus?

<p>It binds IgG molecules by their Fab region. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which toxin is responsible for inducing a potent immune stimulation in Staphylococcus aureus?

<p>Superantigens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Staphylococcus epidermidis colonies on solid media?

<p>White colonies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strain of Staphylococcus is often found in young sexually active women as a cause of urinary tract infection with dysuria and pyuria?

<p>S. saprophyticus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of people with cystic fibrosis?

<p>They have reduced activity of macrophages. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of pneumolysin in Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>It creates pores in cholesterol-containing membranes. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of coagulase in Staphylococcus aureus?

<p>It determines the enveloping of fibrinogen around bacterial cell. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique cultural feature of Streptococcus pneumoniae?

<p>It produces golden-colored colonies on solid media. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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