UNIT 2 and PNS/SNS

Nerves and receptors of PNS, ACh binds to cholinergic Rc and stimulates PNS, Acetylcholinesterase inactivates ACh

ACH, Muscarinic,

pupil of eye = miosis (constrict) bronchi = SM contracts Heart = chronotropic decrease (HR decrease) blood vessels = Vasodilation

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

<p>direct and indirect</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>reversible and irreversible</p> Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diarrhea Urination Miosis Bronchoconstriction Excitation (skeletal muscle and CNS) Lacrimation??? Salivation and sweating</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Also called parasympatholytics Bind to the muscarinic Rc and block the action of Ach Affects different systems within the body (Cardio, GI, Respiratory, etc) Increase HR, decrease GI motility and secretions, and promote urinary retention, dilate the pupil of the eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neuromuscular blockers (NMBs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Succinylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vecuronium and tubocurarine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MOA: Reduce the reflex impulse conduction within the spinal cord to disrupt the painful muscle contractions.<br /> Used for muscle strain and overexertion</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eccrine Found on non-hairy areas (soles of feet, forehead) Under cholinergic control Muscarinic receptors (stimulated by Ach) Apocrine Found on hairy areas (Beard, axilla, and urogenital) Under sympathetic/adrenergic control Alpha-1 receptors (stimulated by NE, EPI) Mixed apo-eccrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neuromuscular Blocker = used to treat opioid dependency Suboxone (buprenorphine &amp; naloxone) = directing acting cholinergic agent Tylenol (acetaminophen) = causes malignant hyperthermia bethanechol = max of 4000 mg per day</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Benadryl (diphenhydramine) Claritin (loratadine) Allegra (fexofenadine)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cholinesterase regenerators reverse the poisoning issues Pralidoxime (PAM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gastrointestinal Safety: Celebrex is known as a selective COX-2 inhibitor, which means it primarily targets the cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme responsible for inflammation and pain without significantly affecting COX-1, which plays a role in protecting the stomach lining.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

<p>Suboxone (buprenorphine &amp; naloxone) = used to treat opioid dependency bethanechol = directing acting cholinergic agent neuromuscular blocking agents, such as succinylcholine (a depolarizing neuromuscular blocker) = causes malignant hyperthermia Tylenol (acetaminophen) = max of 4000 mg per day</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anticholinergic drugs are a class of medications that block the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that plays a role in various bodily functions, including muscle contractions and the regulation of certain organs. Anticholinergics are used for a variety of medical purposes, such as relieving symptoms of conditions like overactive bladder, motion sickness, gastrointestinal disorders, and more. Here are some common anticholinergic drugs:</p> <pre><code>Atropine Scopolamine Oxybutynin (e.g., Ditropan) Tolterodine (e.g., Detrol) Solifenacin (e.g., Vesicare) Darifenacin (e.g., Enablex) Trospium (e.g., Sanctura) Glycopyrrolate (e.g., Robinul) Ipratropium (e.g., Atrovent) Tiotropium (e.g., Spiriva) Benztropine (e.g., Cogentin) Trihexyphenidyl (e.g., Artane) Dicyclomine (e.g., Bentyl) Propantheline (e.g., Pro-Banthine) </code></pre> Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pralidoxime (PAM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Important for allergic airway disease Products of arachidonic acid metabolism. (INFLAMATION) Released from various cells (mast cells and eosinophils) Associated with asthma pathophysiology.<br /> Released from nasal mucosa in response to allergic rhinitis Antagonist at the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor found in human airway to improve signs and symptoms of asthma and allergic rhinitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>in kids they can get wired rather than drowsey</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gen one guaranteed to make you sleepy, Brompheniramine Chlor-Trimeton (chlorpheniramine) Benadryl (diphenhydramine) Hydroxyzine Promethazine</p> <p>Gen 2 Claritin (loratadine) Allegra (fexofenadine) Zyrtec (cetirizine) Clarinex (desloratadine) Xyzal (levocetirizine)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flonase (fluticasone propionate), Nasonex (mometasone), Rhinocort AQ (budesonide), Nasacort AQ (triamcinolone), Flonase Sensimist (fluticasone furoate)</p> <p>Side effects Nasal irritation, epistaxis, sneezing, cough increases, adrenal suppression</p> Signup and view all the answers