Nervous System Levels of Organization
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Questions and Answers

What is the most abundant glial cell in the brain?

  • Oligodendrocytes
  • Astrocytes (correct)
  • Ependymal cells
  • Radial glia

Which of the following is not a function of a Satellite glial cell?

  • Conduction of nervous impulses along axons (correct)
  • Regulate the chemical environment
  • Supply nutrients to surrounding neurons
  • Protect/cushion neuron cell bodies

Which of the following is not characteristic of white matter?

  • Responsible for modulation of the distribution of action potentials
  • It is the tissue through which messages pass between different areas of gray matter
  • Made up of neuronal cell bodies (correct)
  • Composed of bundles of myelinated nerve cell processes

Which of the following ions does not play a role in creating the transmembrane potential?

<p>Oxygen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the resting state of the cell, which ion is found at a concentration of 145 mM in the extracellular fluid?

<p>Sodium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is the resting membrane potential of a cell maintained?

<p>The Sodium-Potassium pump actively transports 3 sodium ions out of the cell for every 2 potassium ions brought into the cell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes depolarization of a neuron?

<p>Sodium gates open, allowing sodium to flood into the cell and make the membrane potential less negative (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of an action potential?

<p>The rapid rise and drop in membrane potential that occurs when a neuron fires (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a synapse?

<p>Specialized junctions through which neurons can signal to each other and other cells via neurotransmitter molecules. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is temporal summation of synaptic potentials?

<p>When successive EPSPs at a single synapse occur in rapid succession. The successive potentials occur before the previous ones die out producing an increasing membrane depolarization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a class of neurotransmitter?

<p>Nucleotides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ion that enters a presynaptic axon terminal and that directly causes the release of a neurotransmitter substance from the presynaptic terminal is:

<p>Calcium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Any change in a neuron’s membrane potential that moves the membrane potential to a value more negative than the resting potential (e.g. -120mv) is:

<p>Hyperpolarization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system?

<p>Movement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of:

<p>sympathetic stimulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The dryness of the mouth (cotton mouth) that occurs when some people are called upon to give an extemporaneous speech is the result of a:

<p>sympathetic inhibition of the salivary glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Regarding the functions of the autonomic nervous system, an individual at rest, digesting a large meal, would be primarily under the influence of the:

<p>parasympathetic system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division of the ANS release:

<p>acetylcholine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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