Nervous System Levels of Organization
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Questions and Answers

What is the most abundant glial cell in the brain?

  • Oligodendrocytes
  • Astrocytes (correct)
  • Ependymal cells
  • Radial glia

    • Which of the following is not a function of a Satellite glial cell?

  • Conduction of nervous impulses along axons (correct)
  • Regulate the chemical environment
  • Supply nutrients to surrounding neurons
  • Protect/cushion neuron cell bodies

    • Which of the following is not characteristic of white matter?

  • Responsible for modulation of the distribution of action potentials
  • It is the tissue through which messages pass between different areas of gray matter
  • Made up of neuronal cell bodies (correct)
  • Composed of bundles of myelinated nerve cell processes

    • Which of the following ions does not play a role in creating the transmembrane potential?

    <p>Oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the resting state of the cell, which ion is found at a concentration of 145 mM in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the resting membrane potential of a cell maintained?

    <p>The Sodium-Potassium pump actively transports 3 sodium ions out of the cell for every 2 potassium ions brought into the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes depolarization of a neuron?

    <p>Sodium gates open, allowing sodium to flood into the cell and make the membrane potential less negative</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of an action potential?

    <p>The rapid rise and drop in membrane potential that occurs when a neuron fires</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definition of a synapse?

    <p>Specialized junctions through which neurons can signal to each other and other cells via neurotransmitter molecules.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is temporal summation of synaptic potentials?

    <p>When successive EPSPs at a single synapse occur in rapid succession. The successive potentials occur before the previous ones die out producing an increasing membrane depolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a class of neurotransmitter?

    <p>Nucleotides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ion that enters a presynaptic axon terminal and that directly causes the release of a neurotransmitter substance from the presynaptic terminal is:

    <p>Calcium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Any change in a neuron’s membrane potential that moves the membrane potential to a value more negative than the resting potential (e.g. -120mv) is:

    <p>Hyperpolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a function of the autonomic nervous system?

    <p>Movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of:

    <p>sympathetic stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The dryness of the mouth (cotton mouth) that occurs when some people are called upon to give an extemporaneous speech is the result of a:

    <p>sympathetic inhibition of the salivary glands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regarding the functions of the autonomic nervous system, an individual at rest, digesting a large meal, would be primarily under the influence of the:

    <p>parasympathetic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division of the ANS release:

    <p>acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

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