Untitled
173 Questions
19 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

what is sociology

  • the systematic study of human
  • the systematic study of human society (correct)
  • the study of humans
  • the scientific study of human society

    • what does sociology look at

  • how society influences individuals
  • social structure
  • patterns with in society
  • all of the above (correct)

    • what is society

    people who live in a defined territory and share a culture

    how does society influence our everyday lives

    <p>through food, clothing, schooling, and jobs, often personal decisions are shaped by society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    in 1877 Emile Durkheim came up with the idea that suicide is

    <p>shaped by social forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    what is an outsider

    <p>someone not part of the dominate category</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ _____________ helps people to understand their society and the affects on their own lives

    Signup and view all the answers

    global perspective

    <p>the study of the larger world and society's place in it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    high income countries

    <p>nations with the highest standards of living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    middle income countries

    <p>nations with an average standard of living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    low income countries

    <p>nations with the lowest standard of living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    what brought about social change and sociology

    <p>the rise of factory based economy city growth new political idea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Thomas Hobbes thought that society reflected not the perfection of go but the failings of human nature

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    studying the physical world to study society

    <p>scientific stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    scientific approach to knowledge based on facts oppressed to speculation

    <p>positivism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    a statement of how and why specific facts are related

    <p>theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    relative stable pattern of social behaviour

    <p>social structure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    social functions

    <p>consequences for operation of society as a whole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    manifest functions

    <p>recognized and intended consequences of social pattern</p> Signup and view all the answers

    unrecognized and unintended consequences of social pattern

    <p>latent functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    any pattern that may disrupt the operation of society

    <p>social dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the support of social equality for men and women in opposition to the patriarchy and sexism

    <p>feminism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    race conflict theory

    <p>the study of inequality and conflict between people of different races and ethnicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    what two approaches make up the symbolic interaction approach

    <p>structural functional approach &amp; social conflict approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    macro level orientation

    <p>a broad focus on society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    micro level orientation

    <p>close up focus on social interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    a frame work to build theory that seeing society as a product of everyday interactions or individuals

    <p>symbolic interaction approach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    who emphasized understanding particular settings from he point of view of the people in it

    <p>max weber</p> Signup and view all the answers

    George Herbert meed thought

    <p>personality's are shaped by social experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    erving Hoffmanns t3erm fro how we are all actors playing out rolls

    <p>dramaturgical analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    who proposed the idea that are interactions are based on what we gain or lose

    <p>George homas &amp; Peter blau</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the idea that humans generate knowledge from experience and not from objectivity

    <p>social construction theory of knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    sociology is based off three components positivist, critical

    <p>interpretive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the study of society based on scientific observation of behaviour

    <p>positivist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    logical system that develops from direct systematic operation

    <p>science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    information that can be verified through the senses

    <p>empiric al evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    procedure for determining the value of a variable in a specific case

    <p>measurement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    mental construct representing part of the world in a specific way

    <p>concept</p> Signup and view all the answers

    specifying what is to be measured before assigning value to a variable

    <p>operationalize a variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    reliability

    <p>consistency in measurement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    validity

    <p>measuring exactly what's intended to be measured</p> Signup and view all the answers

    relationships where 2 or more variable change together

    <p>correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    if one variable changes the other will change as well

    <p>cause and effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    independent variable

    <p>the variable that causes change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    dependent variable

    <p>the variable that changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    apparent but fake relationship between 2 or mare variables caused by another variable

    <p>spurious correlation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    objectivity

    <p>personal neutrality in conducting research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    study of society that focuses on discovering meanings people attach to the social world

    <p>interpretative sociology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    how does the importance of meaning differ from positivist sociology

    <p>focuses on the understanding of actions and surroundings focuses on action reality is subjective and constructed by people objective reality exists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    critical sociology

    <p>the study of sociology that focuses on social change</p> Signup and view all the answers

    perceived traits and social positions that are attached as male or female

    <p>gender</p> Signup and view all the answers

    disclosing all research findings without omitting data and making the results available to those who participated is an example of

    <p>ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    systematic plan for doing research

    <p>research method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    method for investigating cause and effect under highly controlled conditions

    <p>experiment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    hypothesis

    <p>statement for the possible relationship between 2 or more variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    survey

    <p>series of statements, questions or interviews</p> Signup and view all the answers

    sample

    <p>smaller number of subjects used to represent the entire population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    research method that observes people while the researcher joins them in their routine of activities

    <p>participant observation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    don't introduce observer to community but act as source of info and help

    <p>key informants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    simplified description applied to every person in a category

    <p>stereotype</p> Signup and view all the answers

    generalization

    <p>not carelessly applying to everyone In a category</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the ways of thinking, acting and material objects that form peoples ways of life

    <p>culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    nonmaterial culture

    <p>ideas created by members of a society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    material culture

    <p>physical things created by members of a culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life

    <p>culture shock</p> Signup and view all the answers

    biological programming humans have no controls over

    <p>instinct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    culturally defined standards and guidelines for living

    <p>values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ideas people hold to be true

    <p>beliefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the act of judging another culture by the standard of ones own

    <p>ethnocentrism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the practice of judging one culture by its own standards

    <p>cultural relativism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    anything that carriers a particular meaning reorganized by people who share a culture

    <p>symbols</p> Signup and view all the answers

    a system of symbols that allow people to communicate with one another

    <p>language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    cultural tranmission

    <p>the process by which one generation passed culture onto the next</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the idea people see and understand the world through the cultural lens of language

    <p>Sapir-Whorf thesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    culturally defined standards people use to decide what is desirable, good, beautiful and serve a broad guideline for social living

    <p>values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    rules and expectations by which society guides the behaviours of its members

    <p>norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    norms widely observed and have great moral significance

    <p>mores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    norms for routine or casual interaction

    <p>folkways</p> Signup and view all the answers

    system of rules recognized and enforced by governing institutions

    <p>laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    social control

    <p>attempt by society to regulate peoples thoughts and behaviour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    technology

    <p>knowledge people use to make a way of life in their surroundings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the use of simple tools to hunt animals and gather vegetation for food

    <p>hunting and gathering</p> Signup and view all the answers

    horticulture

    <p>the use of hand tools to raise crops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    pastoralism

    <p>the domestication of animals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    large scale cultivation using plows harnessed to animals or powered energy sources

    <p>agriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    industry

    <p>production of goods using advanced sources of energy to drive large machinery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    post industrial

    <p>production of information using computer technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    high culture

    <p>cultural patterns that distinguish society elite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    popular culture

    <p>cultural patterns widespread among a societys population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    cultural patterns that set apart some segment of o societies population

    <p>sub culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    perspective recognizing cultural diversity of Canada and promoting equal understanding for all cultural traditions

    <p>multiculturalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    eurocentrism

    <p>the domination of European cultural patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    counter culture

    <p>cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted by society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    cultural lag

    <p>some cultural elements change more quickly that others, disrupting the cultural system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    how culture helps us make sense of ourselves and the surrounding world

    <p>theoretical analysis of culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    meeting human needs, considers values at the centre of culture that direct our lives and give meaning to life

    <p>functions of culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    cultural universals

    <p>traits part of every known culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    inequality and culture

    <p>how some parts of culture help some but at the expense of others</p> Signup and view all the answers

    gender is critical dimension of social inequality according to feminists

    <p>feminist theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    life long social experiences by which people develop their human potential and learn culture

    <p>socialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    personality

    <p>a persons fairly consistent patterns of acting and thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    theory developed by John B. Watson, that behaviour is not instinctual but learned

    <p>behaviourism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    being cut off from society

    <p>social isolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    id

    <p>human beings basic drives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    a persons conscious effort to balance innate pleasure seeking drives with the demands of society

    <p>ego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    cultural values and norms internalized by an individual

    <p>superego</p> Signup and view all the answers

    level of human develop at which individuals experience the world through senses

    <p>sensorimotor stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the level of human development at which individual first use language and other symbols

    <p>pre-operational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    when individuals first see casual interactions in their surroundings

    <p>concrete operational stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    where individuals think abstractly and critically

    <p>formal operational</p> Signup and view all the answers

    George Herbert meeds term for how social behaviourism to explain how social experience develops on individuals personality

    <p>self</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cooley terms for a self image based on how we think others see us

    <p>looking glass self</p> Signup and view all the answers

    significant others

    <p>people, parents who have special importance for socialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    widespread cultural norms and values we use in reference to evaluate ourself

    <p>generalized other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    peer group

    <p>a social group whose members have interests, social position and age in common</p> Signup and view all the answers

    learning that helps a person achieve a desired postion

    <p>anticipatory socialization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    mass media

    <p>means for transmitting information from a single source to a vast number of people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    social media

    <p>media that allows people to communicate with one and other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    gerontology

    <p>the study of aging and the elderly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    form of social organization in which elderly have more wealth, power and prestige

    <p>gerontocracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ageism

    <p>prejudice and discrimination on the basis of age</p> Signup and view all the answers

    setting in which people are isolated from the rest of society by administrative staff

    <p>total insolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    resocialization

    <p>radically changing an inmates personality by carefully controlling the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the process in which people act and react to others

    <p>social interaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    social postions

    <p>define us and how to treat us</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ascribe status

    <p>given at birth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    achieved status

    <p>voluntarily taken on and reflects a persons ability and effort</p> Signup and view all the answers

    social position that a person holds

    <p>status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    status set

    <p>all the status a person hold as a time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    a status that has special importance for social identity and often shapes a person's entire life

    <p>master status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    behaviour expected of someone who holds a particular status

    <p>role</p> Signup and view all the answers

    roles set

    <p>the number of roles attached to a single status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    conflict among rolls connected to 2 or more statuses

    <p>role conflict</p> Signup and view all the answers

    role strain

    <p>tension among all the roles attached to a status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    role exit

    <p>the process In which people disengage from important social roles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the process in which people creatively shape reality through social interaction

    <p>social construction of reality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    W.I Thomas theory for situations that are defined as real are real in their consequences

    <p>Thomas theorem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ethnomethodology

    <p>the study of how people make sense of their everyday surroundings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the process of communicating using body movements, gestures and social experience rather than speech

    <p>nonverbal communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    surrounding space in which one makes some claim to

    <p>personal space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    tact can help to reduce embarrassment in social situations

    <p>tact and embarrassment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    suppressed to induced feeling produced by an employee in accordance with rules of an organization

    <p>emotional labour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    social groups

    <p>two or more people who identify with and interact with one another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    primary group

    <p>a small group whose members share personal and lasting relationships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    secondary groups

    <p>large impersonal groups whose members pursue a specific goal or activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    group leadership that focuses on the completion of tasks

    <p>instrumental leadership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    group leadership that focuses on its members well beings

    <p>expressive leadership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    focus on instrumental concern, taking personal charge of decision making and demands the obeying of others

    <p>authoritarian leaderships</p> Signup and view all the answers

    includes all in the decision making process

    <p>democratic leadership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    laissez- paire leasership

    <p>group functions more on its own</p> Signup and view all the answers

    group conformity

    <p>provides a feeling of belonging</p> Signup and view all the answers

    group think

    <p>the tendency of group members to confirm, resulting in a narrow vie of issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    reference groups

    <p>groups that act as reference for decision making and emotion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    reference group

    <p>point of reference when making decisions and in emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    in group

    <p>a group which a member feels a sense of respect and loyalty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    out group

    <p>a group in which one feels a sense of competition or opposition with</p> Signup and view all the answers

    group size

    <p>acts as an important role in how members of a group interact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    dyad

    <p>a social group of two members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    triad

    <p>a social group of 3 or more members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    web of weak social ties

    <p>networks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    formal organizations

    <p>large secondary groups organized to achieve their goals efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    behaviour, values, and beliefs passed from generation to generation

    <p>traditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    a way of thinking that emphasizes deliberate matter of fact calculation of the most efficient ways possible to complete a task

    <p>rationality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    rationalization of society

    <p>historical change from tradition to rationality as the main type of human thought</p> Signup and view all the answers

    an organizational model designed to preform tasks efficiently

    <p>bureaucracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    organizational environment

    <p>factors outside an organization that affect its operations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the ability to dehumanize the people its supposed to serve

    <p>bureaucratic alienation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    failure of a formal organization to carry out work, existing to preform

    <p>inefficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    a focus on rules and regulations to the point go undermining an organizations goals

    <p>bureaucratic ritualism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the tendency of bureaucratic organizations to perpetuate themselves

    <p>bureaucratic inertia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    the rule of many by the few

    <p>oligarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    application of scientific principles to the operation of a business or other large organization

    <p>Scientific management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    organizational principles that underlie McDonalds are coming to dominate our entire society

    <p>mcdonaldization of society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser