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Questions and Answers
Which evolutionary pattern describes the independent evolution of similar traits in unrelated species facing comparable environmental pressures?
Which evolutionary pattern describes the independent evolution of similar traits in unrelated species facing comparable environmental pressures?
- Convergent evolution (correct)
- Divergent evolution
- Adaptive radiation
- Parallel evolution
In divergent evolution, what is the MOST likely cause of two related species developing different traits?
In divergent evolution, what is the MOST likely cause of two related species developing different traits?
- Identical environmental conditions
- Similar selective pressures
- A lack of genetic variation
- Different environmental conditions (correct)
Adaptive radiation is a pattern of descent characterized by:
Adaptive radiation is a pattern of descent characterized by:
- The rapid diversification of a single lineage into multiple species occupying different niches. (correct)
- The cessation of evolutionary change within a population.
- The evolution of similar traits in unrelated species.
- The gradual reduction in the number of species within a habitat.
What evolutionary pattern is demonstrated by the variety of beak shapes observed in Darwin's finches on the Galapagos Islands?
What evolutionary pattern is demonstrated by the variety of beak shapes observed in Darwin's finches on the Galapagos Islands?
Which of the following is NOT a driving force behind evolutionary change?
Which of the following is NOT a driving force behind evolutionary change?
If two species evolve independently in similar environments and develop analogous structures, which evolutionary pattern is MOST likely at play?
If two species evolve independently in similar environments and develop analogous structures, which evolutionary pattern is MOST likely at play?
Flowering plants and their pollinators often exhibit a close, reciprocal relationship where they evolve together. Which pattern of descent BEST describes this?
Flowering plants and their pollinators often exhibit a close, reciprocal relationship where they evolve together. Which pattern of descent BEST describes this?
What is the primary role of natural selection in the patterns of descent with modification?
What is the primary role of natural selection in the patterns of descent with modification?
In divergent evolution, what is the primary driver of the increasing differences between species?
In divergent evolution, what is the primary driver of the increasing differences between species?
Which of the following is the best example of convergent evolution?
Which of the following is the best example of convergent evolution?
Parallel evolution is most likely to occur under which of the following conditions?
Parallel evolution is most likely to occur under which of the following conditions?
What ecological condition primarily drives adaptive radiation?
What ecological condition primarily drives adaptive radiation?
Two species are engaged in coevolution. Which statement best describes their evolutionary relationship?
Two species are engaged in coevolution. Which statement best describes their evolutionary relationship?
How does adaptive radiation contribute to organismal diversity?
How does adaptive radiation contribute to organismal diversity?
A population of birds colonizes a newly formed volcanic island. Over time, different groups within the population begin to specialize in eating different types of seeds, leading to the formation of several new species. This is an example of what?
A population of birds colonizes a newly formed volcanic island. Over time, different groups within the population begin to specialize in eating different types of seeds, leading to the formation of several new species. This is an example of what?
Which evolutionary pattern is demonstrated when unrelated species evolve similar body shapes for swimming due to similar environmental demands?
Which evolutionary pattern is demonstrated when unrelated species evolve similar body shapes for swimming due to similar environmental demands?
Which of the following best describes the role of environmental factors in divergent evolution?
Which of the following best describes the role of environmental factors in divergent evolution?
If a species of flowering plant colonizes a remote island with a variety of previously unoccupied habitats, what evolutionary pattern is most likely to occur?
If a species of flowering plant colonizes a remote island with a variety of previously unoccupied habitats, what evolutionary pattern is most likely to occur?
In a predator-prey relationship, where the predator evolves sharper teeth and the prey evolves better camouflage, what pattern of descent is being observed?
In a predator-prey relationship, where the predator evolves sharper teeth and the prey evolves better camouflage, what pattern of descent is being observed?
Which of the following scenarios exemplifies parallel evolution?
Which of the following scenarios exemplifies parallel evolution?
Consider two species that occupy similar niches on different continents and have evolved similar physical characteristics. What evolutionary process is the best explanation for this?
Consider two species that occupy similar niches on different continents and have evolved similar physical characteristics. What evolutionary process is the best explanation for this?
Parallel evolution is best described as the independent development of similar traits in related species, originating from a:
Parallel evolution is best described as the independent development of similar traits in related species, originating from a:
Which scenario exemplifies coevolution?
Which scenario exemplifies coevolution?
Adaptive radiation is most likely to occur when:
Adaptive radiation is most likely to occur when:
Which of the following evolutionary patterns would best explain the diversification of beak morphologies in Galapagos finches from a single ancestral species?
Which of the following evolutionary patterns would best explain the diversification of beak morphologies in Galapagos finches from a single ancestral species?
Two marsupial species in Australia, though geographically separated, independently evolve similar adaptations for survival in arid environments. This is an example of:
Two marsupial species in Australia, though geographically separated, independently evolve similar adaptations for survival in arid environments. This is an example of:
What distinguishes parallel evolution from convergent evolution?
What distinguishes parallel evolution from convergent evolution?
A plant species evolves a resistance to a specific herbivore. Over time, the herbivore evolves a mechanism to overcome this resistance, leading the plant to evolve a stronger defense. This is an example of:
A plant species evolves a resistance to a specific herbivore. Over time, the herbivore evolves a mechanism to overcome this resistance, leading the plant to evolve a stronger defense. This is an example of:
In a scenario where a volcanic eruption creates a new island, which evolutionary pattern is most likely to lead to rapid diversification of a colonizing species into various ecological niches?
In a scenario where a volcanic eruption creates a new island, which evolutionary pattern is most likely to lead to rapid diversification of a colonizing species into various ecological niches?
Flashcards
Divergent Evolution
Divergent Evolution
Species evolve from a common ancestor and become increasingly different over time, adapting to specific environments.
Convergent Evolution
Convergent Evolution
Unrelated species independently evolve similar traits due to facing similar environmental pressures.
Parallel Evolution
Parallel Evolution
Species share a recent common ancestor and evolve similar traits independently.
Coevolution
Coevolution
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Adaptive Radiation
Adaptive Radiation
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Mechanisms Of Evolution
Mechanisms Of Evolution
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Organismal Diversity
Organismal Diversity
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Evolution
Evolution
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Natural Selection
Natural Selection
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Parallel Evolution Context
Parallel Evolution Context
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Parallel Evolution Factors
Parallel Evolution Factors
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Coevolution Response
Coevolution Response
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Adaptive Radiation Context
Adaptive Radiation Context
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Adaptive Radiation Process
Adaptive Radiation Process
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Patterns of Descent
Patterns of Descent
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Study Notes
Patterns of Descent
- Natural selection is a concept which explains how species evolve.
- Natural selection explains how certain traits become common in a population, affecting survival and reproduction.
- Patterns of descent can be observed in the evolution of species and are key ways to understand natural selection.
Divergent Evolution
- Divergent evolution involves two or more species evolving from a common ancestor and becoming increasingly different over time.
- This pattern is seen when species are exposed to different environmental conditions or occupy different niches
- As a result, species adapt to specific environments and develop distinct traits.
- The Galapagos Islands finches evolved different beak shapes and sizes to exploit different food sources.
- Geospiza magnirostris, Geospiza fortis, Geospiza parvula, and Certhidea olivasea are various finches.
Convergent Evolution
- Convergent evolution is the opposite of divergent evolution
- Unrelated species independently evolve similar traits due to similar environmental pressures
- This descent pattern is located in different parts of the world where similar habitats or niches exist.
- Dolphins and sharks have streamlined body shapes and both evolved to be efficient swimmers in marine environments.
Parallel Evolution
- Parallel evolution is a descent pattern where two or more related species evolve similar traits independently from a common ancestor.
- Unlike convergent evolution, it occurs in species share a recent common ancestor.
- Parallel evolution is often observed in species facing similar selective pressures but are isolated geographically.
- Marsupials in Australia, like kangaroos and koalas, evolved similar adaptations for life in the Australian environment.
Coevolution
- Coevolution involves two or more species evolving in response to each other.
- Coevolution takes place between two species with a close ecological relationship
- One species evolves, which causes a response by evolving counter-adaptations
- Flowering plants and their pollinators have a coevolutionary relationship, like bees or butterflies.
- Plants grow flowers and nectar to attract pollinators, and pollinators developed mouthparts to extract nectar efficiently
Adaptive Radiation
- Adaptive radiation occurs when a single ancestral species gives rise to multiple new species occupying different ecological niches.
- This pattern is seen in a population that colonizes an environment that offers diverse resources.
- The population will adapt to exploit different resources over time.
- An example of this are the finches of the Galapagos Islands, which evolved different beak shapes and sizes to exploit different food sources on the islands.
- The finches' common ancestor evolved into species that consumed seeds, insects, cactus seeds, plants, buds and fruits
Crossword clues defined
- Patterns of descent are those observed in the evolution of species and a key aspect of natural selection.
- Kangaroos and koalas are marsupials found in Australia that are great examples of species that undergo parallel evolution.
- Adaptive radiation occurs when a population of organisms colonizes a new environment with diverse resources.
- Coevolution is a pattern of descent where two or more species evolve in response to each other.
- Divergent evolution is often seen when species are exposed to different environmental conditions or occupy different niches.
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