Hearing Measurement Eight - 2025 - Pediatrics (Posted)

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Download our mobile app to listen on the go

Get App

Questions and Answers

What is the estimated annual incidence of children born with moderate or worse hearing loss in Canada?

Approximately 1400-1500 children
Approximately 1100-1200 children (correct)
Approximately 800-900 children
Approximately 500-600 children

According to research by Yoshinaga-Itano, what is a key difference between children with hearing impairment who are identified and treated early versus those identified later?

Those identified early show significantly delayed speech and language development compared to hearing peers
Those identified later catch up in speech and language skills by adolescence, negating the initial delay.
Those identified early demonstrate better emotional and social development, leading to speech and language skills comparable to their hearing peers. (correct)
There is no significant difference in outcomes between early and late identification when intervention is provided eventually.

According to the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (2007), within what timeframe should all infants be screened for hearing loss?

By three months of age
Within the first month of life (correct)
By six months of age
Before hospital discharge

What is the recommended timeframe for providing intervention to infants identified with hearing loss, according to the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (2007)?

Within 6 months (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered an advantage of using Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) in universal neonatal hearing screening?

High efficiency, similar to a tympanometric test (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR) compared to Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) when used in neonatal hearing screening?

AABR assesses more of the auditory system. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of hearing screening, what does the term 'hit rate' (sensitivity) refer to?

The proportion of individuals with a hearing loss who are correctly identified by the screening test. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In universal newborn hearing screening, what is the primary goal of early detection and intervention?

To ensure children with hearing loss achieve speech and language skills comparable to their hearing peers and promote better emotional and social development. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is a cross-check principle important in pediatric audiology?

It confirms the diagnosis by ensuring that results across two or more tests converge. (D) Signup and view all the answers

During Behavioural Observation Audiometry (BOA), what is being assessed when presenting sudden or novel sounds to a baby?

The unconditioned responses of the baby to sound stimuli. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key component to consider when performing Behavioural Observation Audiometry (BOA)?

Paying attention to level, distance, visual cues, and parent movement. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical instruction given to parents during Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA) and why?

Parents must remain silent and avoid influencing the child's response to ensure accurate results. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In Conditioned Play Audiometry (CPA), what strategy helps to ensure the child understands the requested task?

Initially presenting sounds that are known to be audible to the child. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why are the responses at certain frequencies considered more important than others when assessing a child's hearing?

Responses vary; one should think about how you might want to use the thresholds. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What speech audiometry technique involves the use of age-appropriate words where the child points to body parts?

Speech Recognition Threshold (SRT) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the electrodes placed on the head during Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing?

To monitor and record the brain's electrical activity in response to auditory stimuli (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of Wave V in Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) interpretation?

It represents the combined activity of the auditory nerve and is often used to determine hearing thresholds (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it necessary to use conductive paste when attaching electrodes for ABR testing?

To enhance the transmission of electrical signals between the skin and the electrodes (D) Signup and view all the answers

In Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing, what does the term 'latency' refer to?

The time delay between the presentation of a stimulus and the occurrence of a specific peak in the ABR waveform. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What physiological phenomenon is essential for generating a clear and reliable Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR)?

Highly synchronized neural activity in response to the auditory stimulus (D) Signup and view all the answers

When estimating hearing thresholds using ABR, which wave is the most reliable and commonly used?

Wave V (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of universal newborn hearing screening programs?

To ensure all newborns are screened for hearing loss to facilitate early intervention and support optimal development. (C) Signup and view all the answers

An audiologist is performing Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA) with a 12-month-old infant. After several trials, the infant consistently turns away from the loudspeaker, even when audible sounds are presented. What is the MOST appropriate course of action?

Change the reinforcement to maintain the infant's attention and motivation. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST appropriate method of assessing a child’s speech recognition abilities?

Use the WIPI or NU-CHIPS speech perception tests. (B) Signup and view all the answers

During ABR testing, an audiologist notices excessive electrical interference on the recording. What is the MOST likely cause of this issue?

The electrode impedance is high, causing poor conduction of electrical signals. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What can be associated with untreated hearing loss?

Poor academic achievement (C) Signup and view all the answers

What can having early hearing interventions do?

Speech and language similar to hearing peers (C) Signup and view all the answers

What are the three universal neonatal hearing screening?

Both A and B (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do you record?

Attach electrodes to head with conductive paste (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is an onset response?

A response that reflects action potentials (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of an electrode montage?

For activity measuring (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is being tested using ABR?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

By when is Wave I adult-like?

3 mos (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is ABR threshold estimation always based on?

Always based on wave V (B) Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances does a test require to be complete?

If the waves don't repeat (B) Signup and view all the answers

What can be used for speech audiometry?

all of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What helps to address infant hearing?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

A child with severe-to-profound hearing loss, who did not undergo newborn hearing screening, might typically reach what reading level upon finishing high school?

Grade 3-4 reading level (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (2007), if an infant does not pass the initial hearing screening, what is the latest recommended age to complete a full audiologic and medical evaluation?

Within 3 months (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a key consideration when selecting between Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE) and Automated Auditory Brainstem Response (AABR) for universal neonatal hearing screening programs?

AABR assesses more of the auditory system than OAE (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of universal newborn hearing screening, a high false alarm rate (low specificity) can lead to what outcome?

Overburdening of audiological services with unnecessary referrals. (C) Signup and view all the answers

During Behavioural Observation Audiometry (BOA), what might be the MOST reliable indicator that a newborn has detected a presented sound?

An obvious and repeatable startle response (C) Signup and view all the answers

When performing Visual Reinforcement Audiometry (VRA), what strategy could be used to maintain the child's attention and cooperation throughout the assessment?

Varying the visual reinforcers to prevent habituation (D) Signup and view all the answers

In Conditioned Play Audiometry (CPA), what is the rationale behind initially helping the child perform the task before reducing the assistance?

To establish a clear association between sound and action (B) Signup and view all the answers

When assessing a child's hearing, why is obtaining frequency-specific information, such as thresholds at 500 Hz, 1000 Hz, and 2000 Hz, particularly important?

These thresholds are essential for speech understanding and language development. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes speech audiometry using NU-CHIPS from that using WIPI?

NU-CHIPS uses a closed-set response with picture pointing, similar to WIPI. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Apart from ensuring good contact, what is the primary reason for using conductive paste when attaching electrodes for Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing?

To improve the signal-to-noise ratio by enhancing electrical conductivity at the skin. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) testing, what does 'synchronized activity' refer to, and why is it important for obtaining reliable results?

The simultaneous firing of auditory nerve fibers in response to a stimulus, creating a clear waveform. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the MOST important factor in ABR threshold estimation?

Wave V level change (D) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to repeat the waves during Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR)?

The test cannot be marked as complete if waves are not repeated. (D) Signup and view all the answers

At what age does Wave I become adult-like?

3 months (C) Signup and view all the answers

If OAE tests show as a pass, what would be the reason for concern?

Sometimes hearing is not fine (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Incidence of Pediatric Hearing Loss

Hearing loss affects approximately 1-2 out of every 1000 children born.

Benefits of Early Treatment

When hearing loss is identified and treated early, a child's speech and language development can be similar to their hearing peers.

Joint Committee on Infant Hearing (JCIH) 2007

A set of principles including screening by 1 month, audiological evaluation by 3 months, and intervention by 6 months (1-3-6).

Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening

OAE are efficient and similar to a tympanometry test. AABR however takes more time, requires more expertise and assesses more of the auditory system.