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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of an 'effective' algorithm?

An algorithm that is feasible and always produces the correct result. (correct)
An algorithm that is easy to understand but may not produce the correct result.
An algorithm that uses natural language for its representation.
An algorithm that is written in pseudocode.

When would using pseudocode be most advantageous over using natural language to represent an algorithm?

When the algorithm needs to be executed directly by a computer.
When the algorithm needs to be easily understood by non-programmers.
When the algorithm needs a precise and code-like representation. (correct)
When the algorithm is very simple and straightforward.

What characteristic distinguishes Python lists from other data structures?

Lists are immutable, meaning they cannot be changed once created.
Lists are ordered collections, allowing duplicate values and modification. (correct)
Lists can only contain elements of the same data type.
Lists use curly braces `{}` to define their elements.

If you need to store a collection of items where the order matters and you anticipate needing to add or remove items, which data structure would be most suitable?

A list, because it is ordered and mutable. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Consider the following Python code:

my_list = [10, "apple", 3.14, True]
print(len(my_list))

What will be the output of this?

4 (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the data types of items within a single Python list?

Items can be of any data type, including mixed types. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Given the list `my_list = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry']`, how can you access the second item ('banana')?

my_list[1] (D) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of the following Python code?

my_list = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50]
print(my_list[1:4])

[20, 30, 40] (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the Last In, First Out (LIFO) principle of a stack data structure?

Undoing the most recent action in a text editor. (B) Signup and view all the answers

When deciding on the most suitable data structure for a program, why is it important to consider access patterns?

Different access patterns affect the efficiency of data retrieval and manipulation. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which data structure is most suitable for implementing a 'call history' feature, where the most recent calls need to be accessed quickly?

Stack (D) Signup and view all the answers

An algorithm is designed to sort a list of numbers. Which of the following is NOT a required characteristic of this algorithm?

The algorithm must use the least amount of memory possible at all costs. (B) Signup and view all the answers

A program uses a queue to manage print jobs. What is the most likely outcome if the program adds print jobs faster than the printer can process them?

The queue will grow, potentially leading to increased memory usage. (D) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of algorithm design, what does 'definiteness' refer to?

Each step in the algorithm must be precisely and unambiguously defined. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a scenario where a tree data structure would be more appropriate than a linked list or an array?

Representing a company's organizational hierarchy. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Why is the `finiteness` property crucial for an algorithm to be considered effective?

Without finiteness, the algorithm might never produce a result. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of the following Python code snippet?

thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
thislist.pop(1)
print(thislist)

<code>['apple', 'cherry']</code> (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you try to execute the following Python code?

thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
del thislist
print(thislist)

The program raises a <code>NameError</code> because <code>thislist</code> is no longer defined. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes a tuple in Python?

Tuples are immutable, ordered collections of items that can contain elements of different data types. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a primary reason for using tuples in Python?

Tuples guarantee data integrity because their immutability prevents accidental modification. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the following Python code?

coordinates = (3, 4)
new_coordinates = coordinates + (5,)
print(len(coordinates))
print(3 in coordinates)

<code>2\nTrue</code> (D) Signup and view all the answers

Given the tuple my_tuple = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5), what will the following code print?

my_tuple = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
if 6 in my_tuple:
  print("6 is present in the tuple")
else:
  print("6 is not present in the tuple")

<code>6 is not present in the tuple</code> (A) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of the following Python Code:

name = ("ana", "boy", "cherry")
print(name[-2:-1])

<code>('boy',)</code> (A) Signup and view all the answers

How can you modify a tuple in Python, given that tuples are immutable?

Tuples can be modified by first converting them to a list, making the necessary changes, and then converting the list back to a tuple. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What will be printed when the following Python code is executed?

def index():
    thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange", "kiwi", "melon", "mango"]
    print(thislist[2:5])
index()

<code>['cherry', 'orange', 'kiwi']</code> (A) Signup and view all the answers

What will be printed when the following Python code is executed?

def index_remove():
    thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange", "kiwi", "melon", "mango"]
    print(thislist[:4])
index_remove()

<code>['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'orange']</code> (B) Signup and view all the answers

What will be printed when the following Python code is executed?

def index_negative():
    thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange", "kiwi", "melon", "mango"]
    print(thislist[-4:-1])
index_negative()

<code>['orange', 'kiwi', 'melon']</code> (C) Signup and view all the answers

What will be printed when the following Python code is executed?

def index_list1():
    fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
    fruits = "melon"
    print(fruits)
index_list1()

<code>melon</code> (A) Signup and view all the answers

What will be the output of the following Python code?

def index_change():
    fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry", "orange", "kiwi", "mango"]
    fruits[1:2] = ["pineapple", "watermelon"]
    print(fruits)
index_change()

<code>['apple', 'pineapple', 'watermelon', 'orange', 'kiwi', 'mango']</code> (B) Signup and view all the answers

What will be printed when the following Python code is executed?

def add_list():
    fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
    fruits.insert(2, "watermelon")
    print(fruits)
add_list()

<code>['apple', 'banana', 'watermelon', 'cherry']</code> (C) Signup and view all the answers

What will be printed when the following Python code is executed?

def insert():
    thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
    tropical = ["mango", "pineapple", "papaya"]
    thislist.extend(tropical)
    print(thislist)
insert()

<code>['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'mango', 'pineapple', 'papaya']</code> (D) Signup and view all the answers

What will be printed when the following Python code is executed?

def list_remove():
    thislist = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
    thislist.remove("banana")
    print(thislist)
list_remove()

<code>['apple', 'cherry']</code> (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of object is returned when using the `.keys()` method on a dictionary in Python?

A view object that displays a list of all the keys in the dictionary. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Given the dictionary `student = {"name": "Alice", "age": 20, "city": "New York"}`, what will `len(student)` return?

3 (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between using `my_dict = {}` and `del my_dict` when working with dictionaries?

<code>my_dict = {}</code> clears the dictionary's contents, while <code>del my_dict</code> deletes the dictionary from memory. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which method returns a view object that displays a list of a dictionary's key-value pairs?

items() (D) Signup and view all the answers

If `student = {"name": "Alice", "age": 20, "city": "New York"}`, what data type will be the elements in the view object returned by `student.values()`?

string and integer (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between using square bracket access (e.g., `student['age']`) and the `get()` method (e.g., `student.get('age')`) when accessing dictionary values?

<code>get()</code> returns <code>None</code> if the key is not found, while square bracket access raises a <code>KeyError</code>. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of running this code?

name = ["ana", "boy", "chery"]
name1 = ("den", "bing")
name += name1
print(name)

<code>["ana", "boy", "chery", "den", "bing"]</code> (D) Signup and view all the answers

Given the dictionary `student = {"name": "Alice", "age": 20, "city": "New York"}`, what happens when you execute `del student['age']`?

The key-value pair ('age', 20) is removed from the dictionary. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the `in` keyword when used with a dictionary in Python?

To check if a specific key exists within the dictionary's keys. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the output of the following code?

student = {"name": "Alice", "age": 20, "city": "New York"}
student.pop("age")
print(student)

<code>{'name': 'Alice', 'city': 'New York'}</code> (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the following code?

names = ["ana", "boy", "chery"]
names1 = ("den", "bing")
concatenated_names = [*names, *names1]
print(concatenated_names)

<code>['ana', 'boy', 'chery', 'den', 'bing']</code> (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes a Python dictionary?

An unordered collection of key-value pairs where keys must be unique and immutable. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Given `student = {"name": "Alice", "age": 20, "city": "New York"}`, what will `student.keys()` return?

<code>dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'city'])</code> (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Data Structures

Ways data is organized, stored, and manipulated in a program.

Arrays

A collection of elements identified by an index number.