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Questions and Answers
In an experiment studying plant growth, if different amounts of fertilizer are applied, what is the independent variable?
In an experiment studying plant growth, if different amounts of fertilizer are applied, what is the independent variable?
- The amount of water given to the plants
- The type of soil used
- The height of the plants
- The amount of fertilizer (correct)
The atomic mass of an element is determined solely by the number of protons in its nucleus.
The atomic mass of an element is determined solely by the number of protons in its nucleus.
False (B)
Explain how Newton's First Law of Motion relates to the concept of inertia.
Explain how Newton's First Law of Motion relates to the concept of inertia.
Newton's First Law states that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion, which is directly described in Newton's First Law.
According to the Law of __________, energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can change from one form to another.
According to the Law of __________, energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can change from one form to another.
Match each type of plate boundary with its primary geological effect:
Match each type of plate boundary with its primary geological effect:
What is the primary cause of the seasons on Earth?
What is the primary cause of the seasons on Earth?
Increased biodiversity in an ecosystem generally leads to decreased stability.
Increased biodiversity in an ecosystem generally leads to decreased stability.
Describe how human activities can negatively impact the biodiversity of an ecosystem. Provide one specific example.
Describe how human activities can negatively impact the biodiversity of an ecosystem. Provide one specific example.
The number of __________ in an atom's nucleus determines its atomic number and identifies the element.
The number of __________ in an atom's nucleus determines its atomic number and identifies the element.
Which of Newton's Laws of Motion is best described by the formula $F = ma$?
Which of Newton's Laws of Motion is best described by the formula $F = ma$?
Tides on Earth are primarily caused by the gravitational pull of the sun.
Tides on Earth are primarily caused by the gravitational pull of the sun.
Explain the difference between balanced and unbalanced forces and their effects on an object's motion.
Explain the difference between balanced and unbalanced forces and their effects on an object's motion.
At a __________ boundary, tectonic plates move away from each other, leading to the formation of new crust.
At a __________ boundary, tectonic plates move away from each other, leading to the formation of new crust.
Which of the following is an example of energy transformation where potential energy is converted into kinetic energy?
Which of the following is an example of energy transformation where potential energy is converted into kinetic energy?
Recycling and reducing pollution are examples of conservation efforts that can help protect ecosystems.
Recycling and reducing pollution are examples of conservation efforts that can help protect ecosystems.
Match each phase of the moon with its description:
Match each phase of the moon with its description:
Which particle within an atom has a negative charge?
Which particle within an atom has a negative charge?
Groups on the periodic table are arranged horizontally, from left to right.
Groups on the periodic table are arranged horizontally, from left to right.
Explain how Earth's rotation causes day and night.
Explain how Earth's rotation causes day and night.
A __________ group in an experiment is used to compare the results with the test group and determine if the independent variable had an effect.
A __________ group in an experiment is used to compare the results with the test group and determine if the independent variable had an effect.
Flashcards
Independent Variable
Independent Variable
What you change in an experiment; plant fertilizer types.
Dependent Variable
Dependent Variable
What you measure in an experiment; plant height.
Parts of an Atom
Parts of an Atom
The parts of an atom are protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Newton's First Law
Newton's First Law
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Newton's Second Law
Newton's Second Law
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Newton's Third Law
Newton's Third Law
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Cause of Day and Night
Cause of Day and Night
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Cause of Seasons
Cause of Seasons
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Cause of Tides
Cause of Tides
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Biodiversity
Biodiversity
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Atomic Number
Atomic Number
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Mass Number
Mass Number
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Energy Transformation
Energy Transformation
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Periodic Table Layout
Periodic Table Layout
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Study Notes
Scientific Investigation and Reasoning (TEKS 8.1 – 8.4)
- The independent variable is the factor that is changed in an experiment.
- The dependent variable is the factor that is measured in an experiment.
- Constants are the factors that are kept the same during an experiment.
- A control group is used to compare the results of an experiment.
Chemistry (TEKS 8.5)
- Atoms consist of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, and electrons in the electron cloud.
- Protons have a positive charge, neutrons have a neutral charge, and electrons have a negative charge.
- The atomic number is equivalent to the number of protons in an atom.
- The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in an atom.
- On the periodic table, groups are arranged vertically and periods are arranged horizontally.
Force, Motion, and Energy (TEKS 8.6)
- Newton's First Law states that objects remain at rest or in motion unless acted upon by a force; this is inertia.
- Newton's Second Law is represented by the formula F = ma (Force = mass x acceleration).
- Newton's Third Law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
- Balanced forces result in no motion or constant motion.
- Unbalanced forces cause acceleration.
Energy Transformations and Conservation (TEKS 8.7)
- Chemical energy in food can be transformed into mechanical energy through movement.
- Electrical energy can be transformed into light and thermal energy, as seen in a lamp.
- The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed.
Earth and Space (TEKS 8.8 – 8.9)
- Earth's rotation causes day and night, with one full spin occurring every 24 hours.
- Seasons are caused by the tilt of the Earth as it revolves around the sun.
- Lunar phases include new moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, and full moon.
- Tides are caused by the moon's gravitational pull on Earth's oceans.
- Convergent plate boundaries can form mountains or volcanoes.
- Transform plate boundaries cause earthquakes.
Earth's Systems and Human Impact (TEKS 8.10 – 8.11)
- Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in an ecosystem.
- Greater biodiversity leads to greater ecosystem stability.
- Deforestation, pollution, and overfishing are examples of negative human impacts on ecosystems.
- Recycling, habitat protection, and pollution reduction are examples of conservation efforts to help ecosystems.
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