Questions and Answers
What is the difference between quantitative and qualitative data?
Quantitative uses numbers; qualitative uses words.
List the six steps of the scientific method in order.
- Form question, 2. Research and collect data, 3. Form hypothesis, 4. Test hypothesis, 5. Observe and analyze data, 6. Draw conclusion.
What does SI stand for?
International System of Units.
What is the SI base for length?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the SI base for mass?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the SI base for time?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the SI base for temperature?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the SI base for the amount of a substance?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the difference between a line graph, a bar graph, and a pie chart?
Signup and view all the answers
The freezing point is _____ and the boiling point is _____ in °C.
Signup and view all the answers
The freezing point is _____ and the boiling point is _____ in °F.
Signup and view all the answers
The freezing point is _____ and the boiling point is _____ in K.
Signup and view all the answers
What are the three branches of science and examples for each?
Signup and view all the answers
What is Newton's second law?
Signup and view all the answers
What is Newton's third law?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the metric unit for momentum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the metric unit for force?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the metric unit for weight?
Signup and view all the answers
What are the factors that determine the amount of friction?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the acceleration of gravity 'g'?
Signup and view all the answers
What factors affect the force of gravity?
Signup and view all the answers
List the six types of simple machines.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the metric unit for work?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the metric unit for power?
Signup and view all the answers
What are two factors for work to be done?
Signup and view all the answers
How do machines make work easier?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the metric unit for energy?
Signup and view all the answers
List and explain the five main forms of energy.
Signup and view all the answers
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Signup and view all the answers
List and explain the three methods of heat transfer.
Signup and view all the answers
List examples of good insulators.
Signup and view all the answers
List examples of good conductors.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Data Types
- Quantitative data is measured in numbers, while qualitative data is described using words.
Scientific Method Steps
- The scientific method consists of forming a question, researching and collecting data, forming a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, observing and analyzing data, and drawing conclusions.
International Units
- SI stands for the International System of Units, used globally for scientific measurements.
- The base unit for length is the meter.
- The base unit for mass is the kilogram.
- The base unit for time is the second.
- The base unit for temperature is the kelvin.
- The base unit for the amount of a substance is the mole.
Graph Types
- Line graphs display data that changes over time.
- Bar graphs compare different sets of data.
- Pie charts illustrate parts of a whole.
Freezing and Boiling Points
- Freezing point: 0°C, 32°F, 273 K.
- Boiling point: 100°C, 212°F, 373 K.
Branches of Science
- Life Science examples include biology and zoology.
- Earth Science examples include astronomy and geology.
- Physical Science examples include chemistry and physics.
Newton's Laws
- Newton's second law states that acceleration is in the same direction as the net force and is calculated by the formula F = ma.
- Newton's third law asserts that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Metric Units
- Momentum is measured in kg m/s.
- Force and weight are both measured in newtons (N).
- Work is measured in joules (J).
- Power is measured in watts (W).
- Energy is also measured in joules (J).
Friction Factors
- Friction is influenced by the force with which two surfaces are pressed together and the materials from which the surfaces are made.
Gravity
- The acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s².
- Two factors that affect gravitational force are the distance between objects and their masses.
Simple Machines
- The six types of simple machines include levers, pulleys, wheel and axles, inclined planes, screws, and wedges.
Work and Machines
- Work is done when an object is moved in the direction of the applied force, and work requires both motion and direction alignment.
- Machines simplify work by increasing applied force, extending the distance over which force is applied, and changing the direction of the force.
Energy Forms
- The five main forms of energy are mechanical (motion), thermal (internal motion of molecules), chemical (bonds of atoms), electromagnetic (moving electron charges), and nuclear (energy from the atom's nucleus).
Conservation of Energy
- The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy can neither be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one form to another, maintaining a constant total amount.
Heat Transfer Methods
- Heat transfer occurs via conduction (direct contact), convection (movement in liquids and gases), and radiation (transfer without matter).
Insulators and Conductors
- Good insulators include plastic, air, clay, styrofoam, wood, and paper.
- Excellent conductors are metals such as copper, silver, aluminum, iron, and steel.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Test your knowledge of key scientific concepts with these flashcards designed for 8th grade science. Cover topics such as quantitative vs qualitative data and the steps of the scientific method. Enhance your understanding of essential science terminology and processes.