7th Grade Science Cell Diagram Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the term for rod-shaped cell structures that convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use?

Mitochondria

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.

What is cytoplasm?

The region between the cell membrane and the nucleus.

What is the function of the nucleus?

Contains nucleic acids, directing all the cell's activities. Signup and view all the answers

What is a vacuole?

A sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area. Signup and view all the answers

What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A cell structure involved in the modification and transport of proteins. Signup and view all the answers

What are Golgi bodies?

Structures in a cell that package and distribute proteins and materials. Signup and view all the answers

What are ribosomes?

Small grain-like structures in the cytoplasm where proteins are made. Signup and view all the answers

What is the basic unit of structure and function in living things?

Cell Signup and view all the answers

What instrument makes it possible for people to study cells?

Microscope Signup and view all the answers

How do you calculate the total magnification of a light microscope?

Multiply the magnification strength of each lens together. Signup and view all the answers

What did Robert Hooke do?

Made the first compound microscope and observed cork, naming the structures 'cells'. Signup and view all the answers

What did Anton van Leeuwenhoek discover?

A variety of one-celled organisms in lake water and teeth scrapings. Signup and view all the answers

What is a compound microscope?

A light microscope with more than one lens. Signup and view all the answers

What does magnification mean?

The amount an object's image is enlarged by a microscope. Signup and view all the answers

What is resolution in microscopy?

The ability to distinguish clearly the individual parts of an object. Signup and view all the answers

What is an electron microscope?

Uses a beam of electrons to produce magnified images with excellent resolution. Signup and view all the answers

What is an organelle?

A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is the cell wall?

A rigid layer of nonliving material surrounding some cells. Signup and view all the answers

How are cells organized in a many-celled organism?

Cells are arranged from tissues to organs and then to organ systems. Signup and view all the answers

In a many-celled organism, do all cells look the same?

No, there are specialized cells shaped differently for different functions. Signup and view all the answers

Describe bacterial cells.

They have a cell wall and membrane but no nucleus; genetic material is in the cytoplasm. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Cell Structures and Functions

Mitochondria: Rod-shaped organelles that convert energy from food into usable energy for the cell.
Cell Membrane: Selectively permeable barrier that regulates the entry and exit of substances within the cell.
Cytoplasm: The jelly-like material inside the cell where various organelles are suspended, located between the cell membrane and nucleus.
Nucleus: Control center of the cell that houses nucleic acids and directs cell activities.
Vacuole: Membrane-bound sac within the cell that functions as a storage area for various substances.

Organelles and Their Roles

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER): Network of membranes studded with ribosomes; functions in protein synthesis and transportation.
Golgi Bodies: Organelles that modify, package, and distribute proteins and lipids received from the endoplasmic reticulum.
Ribosomes: Small structures found in the cytoplasm and on rough ER, responsible for synthesizing proteins.

Understanding Cells

Cell: The fundamental unit of structure and function in living organisms.
Organelles: Specialized structures within a cell that perform distinct functions.

Microscopy and Cell Theory

Microscope: Device that magnifies small objects, allowing for the study of cells.
Cell Theory: Fundamental principle stating that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic structural units of life, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.

History of Microscopy

Robert Hooke: Inventor of the first compound microscope; coined the term "cells" after observing cork.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek: Gained recognition for discovering diverse one-celled organisms by examining lake water and scrapings.

Types of Microscopes

Compound Microscope: Uses multiple lenses to magnify small objects.
Electron Microscope: Utilizes a beam of electrons for high-resolution images, capable of viewing very small specimens.

Key Terms in Microscopy

Magnification: The degree to which an object’s image is enlarged.
Resolution: Ability to distinctly identify individual components of an object.

Plant and Bacterial Cells

Chloroplast: Organelle in plant cells that captures sunlight to produce food through photosynthesis.
Cell Wall: Rigid structure surrounding plant cells that provides support and protection; allows gas and water permeability.
Bacterial Cells: Possess a cell wall and membrane, lack a nucleus; genetic material is freely floating in cytoplasm.

Cell Organization in Multicellular Organisms

Cells differentiate into specialized types to perform distinct functions, forming tissues, organs, and organ systems.
Diverse cell shapes and structures reflect their specialized roles; for instance, red blood cells differ significantly from nerve cells.

Additional Organelles

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): Network facilitating the transport of proteins and other materials; can be rough (with ribosomes) or smooth (without ribosomes).
Lysosome: Contains enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris within the cell.

Storage Within Cells

Vacuole: Sac-like structure for storing nutrients, waste products, and other materials needed by the cell.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the parts of an animal cell with this quiz based on 7th grade science, Chapter 1, sections 1 and 2. You'll explore key components like mitochondria, cell membrane, and more. Assess your understanding of essential cell structures!