Questions and Answers
Which of the following are schools of thought in psychology? (Select all that apply)
Who created the first school of psychology?
Wilhelm Wundt
What does Functionalism focus on?
The adaptive purpose or function of mind and behavior
What is the main idea of Gestalt Psychology?
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Who are the key figures associated with Behaviorism?
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Who founded Psychoanalysis?
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Which influential theorist is associated with Cognitive Psychology?
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What does Humanism emphasize?
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Study Notes
Major Schools of Thought in Psychology
- Six primary schools of thought in psychology include Structuralism, Functionalism, Behaviorism, Gestalt Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Psychoanalysis, and Humanism.
Structuralism
- Developed by Wilhelm Wundt in Germany, marking the first psychology laboratory.
- Aimed to deconstruct mental processes into their basic components or elements.
Functionalism
- Influenced by William James, this school focuses on the function of mental processes in relation to behavior and adaptation.
Gestalt Psychology
- Emphasizes that psychological phenomena are best understood as unified wholes, rather than as individual components.
- Follows the principle that "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts".
Behaviorism
- Key figures include John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, and B.F. Skinner.
- Proposes that behavior is shaped by environmental factors, emphasizing observable actions over internal states.
Psychoanalysis
- Founded by Sigmund Freud, highlighting the significant role of the unconscious mind in influencing behavior.
Cognitive Psychology
- Centers on mental processes such as thinking, perception, memory, and learning, influenced by Jean Piaget's stages of cognitive development.
- Draws connections to neuroscience, philosophy, and linguistics.
Humanism
- Emerged in the 1950s as a reaction to psychoanalysis and behaviorism.
- Associated with Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow, focusing on the unique qualities of humans, freedom, and personal growth potential.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of the seven major schools of thought in psychology through flashcards. This quiz helps you understand fundamental psychological theories including structuralism, functionalism, and more. Perfect for psychology students and enthusiasts looking to test their knowledge.
