Anatomy Lab Skeletal System for test
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Questions and Answers

What are articulations

joints where bones connect

what is part of the axial skeleton

skull, thoracic cage, vertebral column

what is part of the appendicular skeleton

bones of the limbs/appendages

what is part of the thoracic cage

<p>ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae</p> Signup and view all the answers

ilium

<p>hipbones</p> Signup and view all the answers

bone of the upper arm/brachial

<p>humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

bones of the antebrachial region/lower arm in anatomical position

<p>ulna innermost, radius outermost</p> Signup and view all the answers

ischium

<p>bottom half of hipbone</p> Signup and view all the answers

pubis

<p>between both ischium bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

carpals

<p>wrist bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

metacarpals

<p>make the base of hand attached to carpals</p> Signup and view all the answers

phalanges

<p>make up your fingers, attached to metacarpals</p> Signup and view all the answers

bones of the lower leg

<p>tibia larger than fibula</p> Signup and view all the answers

tarsals

<p>make up ankle</p> Signup and view all the answers

metatarsals

<p>make up body of foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

phalanges

<p>toes</p> Signup and view all the answers

bones of the pelvic girdle

<p>outer (ilium, ischium, pubic) inner (sacrum, coccyx)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what are long bones

<p>bones that are longer than they are wide, expanded ends</p> Signup and view all the answers

what are short bones

<p>cubelike, more spongy</p> Signup and view all the answers

what are flat bones

<p>2 thin layers of compact bone and a layer of spongy bone in between</p> Signup and view all the answers

what are irregular bones

<p>do not fit into other categories (vertebrae and facial bones)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what are sesamoid bones

<p>bones formed within tendons, round and nodular (patella)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is the diaphysis

<p>middle of bone (length)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is the epiphysis

<p>ends of the bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is the epiphysial line and plate

<p>layer of cartilage in long bones responsible for growing the diaphysis. Between epiphysis and diaphysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

spongy bone

<p>at the ends of bone, contains red marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

compact bone

<p>dense and hard outer layer of bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

yellow marrow

<p>in medullary cavities of long bones, composed of adipocytes (fat cells)</p> Signup and view all the answers

articular cartilage

<p>white elastic tissue that covers the ends of bones to allow gliding</p> Signup and view all the answers

periosteum

<p>outermost membrane of blood vessels, nerves, and nutrients around bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

osteoblast

<p>builds bone and produces bone extracellular matrix</p> Signup and view all the answers

osteoclast

<p>bone resorption (break down bone matrix)</p> Signup and view all the answers

osteocyte

<p>bone remodeling, regulating the formation of new bone, mineral balance (calcium)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when there is too much calcium in the blood

<p>thyroid gland releases calcitonin, osteoblasts deposit calcium in bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

what happens when there is not enough calcium in the blood

<p>parathyroid gland releases parathyroid hormone, osteoclasts break down bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

what are the 8 bones of the cranium

<p>frontal, parietal (2), occipital, temporal (2), sphenoid, ethmoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

frontal bone

<p>forms forehead and upper part of eye sockets</p> Signup and view all the answers

parietal bones

<p>form the sides and top of cranium</p> Signup and view all the answers

occipital bone

<p>forms the back of the cranium and contains the foramen magnum, hole for spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

temporal bones

<p>form the sides of the skull, contain ear structures and mastoid process, articulate with the lower jaw</p> Signup and view all the answers

sphenoid bone

<p>butterfly shaped bone, contains the eye sockets and nasal cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

ethmoid bone

<p>part of the nasal cavity and base of cranium (inside skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

external acoustic meatus

<p>part of temporal, next to mastoid process</p> Signup and view all the answers

styloid process

<p>sharp thing poking out, part of temporal bone and below external acoustic meatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

foramen magnum

<p>hole in occipital bone for spinal cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

occipital condyles

<p>knobs that articulate with facets of the atlas vertebrae allowing for flexion and extension of the head</p> Signup and view all the answers

sella turcica

<p>middle of sphenoid butterfly bone, indent holds and protects pituitary gland - hormone control</p> Signup and view all the answers

crista galli

<p>triangular bone ridge in ethmoid bone, crest</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sutures

<p>sagittal = in midline between frontal and occipital bone coronal = creates frontal bone, from left to right of head squamous = left and right ide of head above ear lambdoid = creates occipital bone, v shaped</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sinuses

<h1>frontal = above eyebrows maxillary = big space under eyes and in cheek ethmoid = between eyes</h1> Signup and view all the answers

which cranial bones have pairs

<p>temporal and parietal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Write the bones in the mnemonic: Ethan's Fried Spanish Pasta Tempted Octavia

<p>ethmoid, frontal, sphenoid, parietal, temporal, occipital</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the single, unpaired facial bones?

<p>mandible and vomer (septum)</p> Signup and view all the answers

bones that make the nose bridge

<p>nasal bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

where is inferior nasal concha

<p>shell-shaped bone in the lower part of the nose</p> Signup and view all the answers

what pair of facial bones are next to tear ducts?

<p>lacrimal bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

what pair of facial bones is the posterior part of your palate (roof of mouth)?

<p>palatine</p> Signup and view all the answers

what pair of bones make up your cheekbones

<p>zygomatic</p> Signup and view all the answers

what pair of facial bones make up the maximum area of the face and articulate most other bones?

<p>maxilla</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which bones make up the facial bone mnemonic: My Mouth's Palate Never Liked Zucchini In Vinegar

<p>mandible, maxilla, palatine, nasal, lacrimal, zygomatic, inferior nasal conchae, vomer</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many cervical vertebrae are there?

<p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is the c1 vertebrae also called

<p>atlas</p> Signup and view all the answers

what is the c2 called and what makes it special

<p>axis, has dens to facilitate turning motions</p> Signup and view all the answers

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