Comptia

Hardware and Networks

• Dual monitors can be used in Extended mode to increase productivity, e.g., a sales rep using a PowerPoint presentation on one monitor and facing customers on the other.
• A NIC (Network Interface Card) is used to connect a computer to a network.
• A downsides of producing digital products is that they are easy to copy and steal.

Operating System

• The purpose of BIOS is to drive the bootstrapping process.
• Enterprise Client is a type of workstation operating system best used on a business network.

Programming

• Procedures and functions are used to create reusable segments of code.
• OOP (Object-Oriented Programming) is a programming paradigm that represents a way of designing and organizing software systems.

Security

• Social engineering attacks include dumpster diving, impersonation, and shoulder surfing.
• Access control is used to control who has the ability to use a device or information stored on it.
• Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability (CIA) triad is a model used to ensure the security of data.
• Authentication lockout policy is used to prevent unauthorized access to a device, e.g., locking the device for a set period after multiple failed login attempts.

Data Storage

• exFAT is a file system that provides larger maximum file sizes than FAT and NTFS and can store file sizes up to 2TB.
• RAM is a volatile storage device, meaning data is only stored as long as there is a power source.
• Hard disk drives store data magnetically on a platter that spins.

Software and Applications

• Applications (or Apps) are software programs that let users do useful things with their computer, such as create and edit documents.
• Task Manager is commonly used to end an unresponsive process that cannot be closed from the application window itself.

Internet and Web

• FTP is a protocol used to upload and download files between clients and servers.
• A plug-in is a type of add-on for a web browser.
• Attenuation is the loss of strength of a wireless signal.

File Systems and Management

• The two interfaces used for configuring input devices are the Settings app and Control Panel.
• A folder in a Windows file system can be identified by its path, e.g., C:\MyFiles.

Network and Communication

• Data moves through a computer system in the following order: input, processing, output, and storage.
• Man-in-the-middle, wiretapping, and replay are examples of Integrity concerns.

Database and Information Systems

• A database administrator can remove a table from a database using Data Definition Language (DDL) commands, such as DROP.
• Ergonomics is the study of factors affecting the performance of people at work.

General Computing

• Digital certificates are used to prove a program was created by a trustworthy software publisher.
• USB and thumb drives are examples of flash memory storage devices.
• The physical address of a network interface is called a MAC address.
• Task Scheduler is used to schedule tasks to run at a specific time.

Miscellaneous

• The principle of least privilege grants users the rights necessary to perform their job and no more.
• Kinetics is a term that refers to operating a device by moving it around or using a camera in the device to recognize hand movements.### Database Management
• Administrators use tools like phpMyAdmin to connect and sign in to an RDBMS.
• Applications can use a database in the background without the user's awareness.
• GUIs provide users with a way to select actions to perform on a database, converting those selections to SQL statements.

Networking

• A peer-to-peer (P2P) network is an online network where each client contributes resources to the network.

Hardware and Mobile Devices

• Mobile devices detect movement using accelerometers and gyroscopes.
• The Power-On Self-Test (POST) checks that the main components of a computer work and then loads the Operating System.
• Airplane mode can turn off a mobile device's Wi-Fi without shutting off the device.

Security and Threats

• Eavesdropping is a method an attacker can use to sniff data.
• Fault tolerance is a Business Continuity concern.

File Management and Operating Systems

• File Explorer options can be modified to allow viewing of hidden files.
• The View tab under the File Explorer Options applet is used to modify these options.
• The Details tab in an application's properties is useful for troubleshooting, as it shows whether a version with the latest patches is running.

Performance and Troubleshooting

• Throughput rate measures the amount of data transferred between computers over a network.
• Installing a non-plug-and-play printer requires finding and installing the driver.

Computer Components

• The Central Processing Unit (CPU) lives on the motherboard.

Disaster Recovery and Planning

• Contingency Planning is a Disaster Recovery concern.

Virtualization and Environment

• Virtualizing an environment allows for effective use of hardware and software resources, potentially saving time and money.

Malware and Security

• Software is not a form of malware.

Web and Internet

• A cookie is a plain text file created by a website when a user visits it.

Storage and RAID

• RAID 5 has only striping with parity.

Database Management Systems (RDBMS)

• Microsoft Office Excel is not an example of a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS).

Installation and Configuration

• Plug-and-play installation works by identifying a new device and attempting to install a new device driver.