Managing high risk patients

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Questions and Answers

What is most important when evaluating a patient with a cardiovascular disease before an anesthesia

  • Auscultation
  • radiographs
  • Lab values
  • Obtaining a base normal heart values to reference for that patient (correct)

why is it important to know what medications a patient is on and for what prior to an anesthetic

Medications can alter how the body functions, and homestasis which may change how well the patient can handle being under general anesthesia. in addition, some medications can interfer with the function of others changing how bad or well the drugs work

What is (are) common problems experienced by cardiac patients under general anesthesia (multiple select)

  • hypoxia (correct)
  • Fluid build-up (correct)
  • electrolyte imbalance (correct)
  • Bradycardia (correct)

What drug is a good option for induction and why for cardiovascular patients

<p>etomidate -&gt; minimal CV effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a CRI of anesthetic drugs be more beneficial for a cardiovascular patient then an inhalant anesthetic

<p>Inhalants cause adverse CV effects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are Cardiovascular patients affected by fluids?

<p>Increased risk of over hydration, reduced rate required (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The goal of anesthesia in cardiac patients is to maintain vitals as close to ____ patient values as much as possible

<p>Awake</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most important thing to consider in patients with respiratory disease

<p>minimizing stress and handling (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do we give an IPPV every 5-10 minutes in patients with resp disease

<p>minimize issues of hypoventilation, atelectasis and apnea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drugs should be avoided in resp disease patients? (multiple select)

<p>Propofol (B), Ketamine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

While IPPVs can be used to reduce risk of atelectasis, and improve hypoventilation, what do we need to be careful of if IPPVs are given in excess

<p>IPPV induced Apnea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what position should a patient with respiratory problems be recovered in?

<p>Sternal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The liver is responsible for many things within the body. If the following function is compromised what is the risk?

Clotting --> 1 gluconeogensis--> 2 toxin removal --> 3 drug metabolism -- > 4

<p>1 hemorrhage 2 hypoglycemia 3 toxicities 4 overdosing</p> Signup and view all the answers

The liver is responsible for drug metabolism, What must be considered when creating a drug plan? (multiple select)

<p>Duration of effect; can be prolonged with compromised liver (A), Dosing; to reduce risk of overdose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

what drug recommendations are often used for liver compromised patients (multiple select)

<p>Avoid use of Ketamine and Diazepam (A), Do not use fluids with lactate (no LRS) (B), Isoflourane is th best inhalant choice (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drugs are good choices for animals with impaired hepatic function (multiple select)

<p>Opioids (A), isoflourane (B), Propofol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can a decrease in kidney function affect?

<p>Cardiac output (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do IV fluid rates change with renal patients

<p>use high end of rate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of drugs should be avoided in kidney compromised patients? (multiple select)

<p>drugs metabolized by kidney (B), Nsaids (C), drugs that cuase hypotension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common post-extubation issue seen in Kidney compromised individuals

<p>Prolonged recovery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Paris

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