CH 3: The role of mitosis

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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of mitosis?

  • To cause genetic diversity
  • To produce two identical daughter cells (correct)
  • To create different types of cells
  • To reduce the number of cells

Where does mitotic activity primarily occur in animals for skin renewal?

  • In the dermis
  • In the basal layers of the skin (correct)
  • In the outermost layers of the skin
  • In the epidermis

Which region in plants is known for high mitotic activity?

  • The xylem
  • The bark
  • The apical meristem (correct)
  • The root cap

What is one of the functions of mitosis related to tissue integrity?

<p>Replacing worn-out or damaged cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of mitosis involves the separation of sister chromatids?

<p>Anaphase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the key stages of mitosis in order?

<p>Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which unicellular organisms use mitosis as a means of reproduction?

<p>Bacteria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between mitosis in animal and plant cells?

<p>Formation of a cell plate during cytokinesis in plant cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During prophase, what is the structure that migrates to opposite poles of the cell?

<p>Centrosome (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of mitosis involves chromosomes aligning at the cell's equator?

<p>Metaphase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of understanding mitosis in the context of medical applications?

<p>Understanding abnormal cell division like in cancer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In animal cells, what appears as two chromatids connected by a centromere during prophase?

<p>Chromosomes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the final stage of mitosis where the cell membrane starts to constrict and nuclear membranes reappear?

<p>Telophase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of mitosis involves chromatids splitting at the centromere and being pulled to opposite poles?

<p>Anaphase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of mitosis in multicellular organisms regarding growth?

<p>Expanding the organism by multiplying cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process ensures the maintenance of tissue integrity and function in organisms?

<p>Cellular turnover (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which unicellular organisms does mitosis serve as a means of reproduction through mechanisms like binary fission and budding?

<p>Bacteria and protists (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does mitotic activity mainly occur in plants for growth and development?

<p>Apical meristem and lateral meristem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for the separation of sister chromatids during mitosis?

<p>Spindle fibers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location in animals where mitosis primarily occurs for blood cell production?

<p>Bone marrow (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of mitosis involves the alignment of chromosomes at the cell's equator?

<p>Metaphase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of centrioles during mitosis in animal cells?

<p>Migrating to opposite poles to form a centrosome (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In plant cells, what structure is absent during mitosis compared to animal cells?

<p>Centrosome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During metaphase, where do chromosomes align in relation to the cell?

<p>At the cell's equator (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the mitotic spindle during cell division?

<p>Separating chromatids during anaphase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during telophase of mitosis in plant cells that differs from animal cells?

<p>Formation of a cell wall at the equator (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of understanding mitosis in developmental biology?

<p>Exploring tissue regeneration mechanisms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of mitosis involves the formation of two centrioles into a centrosome?

<p>Prophase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes cytokinesis in plant cells from that in animal cells?

<p>Development of a cell plate into a new cell wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the notable difference between mitosis in plant and animal cells in terms of centrioles?

<p>Plant cells lack centrioles during mitosis. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes appear as two chromatids connected by a centromere?

<p>Prophase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens in plant cells instead of cell membrane constriction during cytokinesis in mitosis?

<p>Formation of a cell plate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of mitosis involves individual chromatids (daughter chromosomes) being pulled to opposite poles by spindle fibers?

<p>Anaphase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of mitosis in the context of medical applications such as cancer research?

<p>Controlling abnormal cell division (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structural component is absent in plant cells during mitosis that is present in animal cells?

<p>Centrioles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align at the cell's equator, attaching to spindle fibers by their centromeres?

<p>Metaphase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key significance of understanding mitosis for developmental biology?

<p>Studying developmental processes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the specific role of mitosis in maintaining tissue integrity and function in organisms?

<p>Mitosis replaces worn-out or damaged cells through regular cellular turnover. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which unicellular organisms use mechanisms like binary fission and budding for reproduction via mitosis?

<p>Bacteria, like E. coli and Streptococcus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of understanding mitosis in the context of medical applications?

<p>Understanding mitosis aids in diagnosing and treating genetic disorders. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phase of mitosis involves the formation of two centrioles into a centrosome?

<p>Prophase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between mitosis in animal and plant cells?

<p>Plant cells undergo cytokinesis via cell plates, while animal cells use a contractile ring. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of centrioles during mitosis in animal cells?

<p>Centrioles are involved in spindle formation and chromosome migration. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In animal cells, what appears as two chromatids connected by a centromere during prophase?

<p>Sister chromatids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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