CH 3: The role of mitosis
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Questions and Answers

What is the main purpose of mitosis?

  • To cause genetic diversity
  • To produce two identical daughter cells (correct)
  • To create different types of cells
  • To reduce the number of cells
  • Where does mitotic activity primarily occur in animals for skin renewal?

  • In the dermis
  • In the basal layers of the skin (correct)
  • In the outermost layers of the skin
  • In the epidermis
  • Which region in plants is known for high mitotic activity?

  • The xylem
  • The bark
  • The apical meristem (correct)
  • The root cap
  • What is one of the functions of mitosis related to tissue integrity?

    <p>Replacing worn-out or damaged cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of mitosis involves the separation of sister chromatids?

    <p>Anaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the key stages of mitosis in order?

    <p>Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unicellular organisms use mitosis as a means of reproduction?

    <p>Bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between mitosis in animal and plant cells?

    <p>Formation of a cell plate during cytokinesis in plant cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During prophase, what is the structure that migrates to opposite poles of the cell?

    <p>Centrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of mitosis involves chromosomes aligning at the cell's equator?

    <p>Metaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding mitosis in the context of medical applications?

    <p>Understanding abnormal cell division like in cancer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In animal cells, what appears as two chromatids connected by a centromere during prophase?

    <p>Chromosomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final stage of mitosis where the cell membrane starts to constrict and nuclear membranes reappear?

    <p>Telophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of mitosis involves chromatids splitting at the centromere and being pulled to opposite poles?

    <p>Anaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of mitosis in multicellular organisms regarding growth?

    <p>Expanding the organism by multiplying cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process ensures the maintenance of tissue integrity and function in organisms?

    <p>Cellular turnover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which unicellular organisms does mitosis serve as a means of reproduction through mechanisms like binary fission and budding?

    <p>Bacteria and protists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does mitotic activity mainly occur in plants for growth and development?

    <p>Apical meristem and lateral meristem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is responsible for the separation of sister chromatids during mitosis?

    <p>Spindle fibers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the location in animals where mitosis primarily occurs for blood cell production?

    <p>Bone marrow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of mitosis involves the alignment of chromosomes at the cell's equator?

    <p>Metaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of centrioles during mitosis in animal cells?

    <p>Migrating to opposite poles to form a centrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In plant cells, what structure is absent during mitosis compared to animal cells?

    <p>Centrosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During metaphase, where do chromosomes align in relation to the cell?

    <p>At the cell's equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the mitotic spindle during cell division?

    <p>Separating chromatids during anaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs during telophase of mitosis in plant cells that differs from animal cells?

    <p>Formation of a cell wall at the equator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding mitosis in developmental biology?

    <p>Exploring tissue regeneration mechanisms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of mitosis involves the formation of two centrioles into a centrosome?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes cytokinesis in plant cells from that in animal cells?

    <p>Development of a cell plate into a new cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the notable difference between mitosis in plant and animal cells in terms of centrioles?

    <p>Plant cells lack centrioles during mitosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes appear as two chromatids connected by a centromere?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens in plant cells instead of cell membrane constriction during cytokinesis in mitosis?

    <p>Formation of a cell plate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of mitosis involves individual chromatids (daughter chromosomes) being pulled to opposite poles by spindle fibers?

    <p>Anaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of mitosis in the context of medical applications such as cancer research?

    <p>Controlling abnormal cell division</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structural component is absent in plant cells during mitosis that is present in animal cells?

    <p>Centrioles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During which phase of mitosis do chromosomes align at the cell's equator, attaching to spindle fibers by their centromeres?

    <p>Metaphase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key significance of understanding mitosis for developmental biology?

    <p>Studying developmental processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific role of mitosis in maintaining tissue integrity and function in organisms?

    <p>Mitosis replaces worn-out or damaged cells through regular cellular turnover.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unicellular organisms use mechanisms like binary fission and budding for reproduction via mitosis?

    <p>Bacteria, like E. coli and Streptococcus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding mitosis in the context of medical applications?

    <p>Understanding mitosis aids in diagnosing and treating genetic disorders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which phase of mitosis involves the formation of two centrioles into a centrosome?

    <p>Prophase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between mitosis in animal and plant cells?

    <p>Plant cells undergo cytokinesis via cell plates, while animal cells use a contractile ring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of centrioles during mitosis in animal cells?

    <p>Centrioles are involved in spindle formation and chromosome migration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In animal cells, what appears as two chromatids connected by a centromere during prophase?

    <p>Sister chromatids</p> Signup and view all the answers

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