3 Parts of the Brain Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What are the three parts of the brain?

Forebrain

Midbrain

Hindbrain

All of the above (correct)

What is the oldest part of the brain?

Hindbrain

What is the newest part of the brain?

Forebrain

Which of the three parts of the brain regulates heart rate, breathing, and balance?

Hindbrain Signup and view all the answers

What part of the hindbrain regulates blood pressure, heart rate, and breathing?

Medulla oblongata Signup and view all the answers

What part of the hindbrain regulates body movement, attention span, sleep, and alertness?

Pons Signup and view all the answers

What part of the hindbrain regulates balance, coordination, and posture?

Cerebellum Signup and view all the answers

Which of the three parts of the brain regulates vision and hearing?

Midbrain Signup and view all the answers

What part of the midbrain regulates attention, sleep, and arousal?

Reticular activating system Signup and view all the answers

Which of the three parts of the brain deal with thought and emotion?

Forebrain Signup and view all the answers

What do you call the part of the forebrain that involves planning and execution of plans and also controls impulses?

Prefrontal cortex Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the forebrain acts as the relay station for transmitting sensory information?

Thalamus Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the forebrain regulates body temperature, the storage of nutrients, aspects of motivation and emotion, hunger and thirst, sexual drive, and the ability to care for offspring?

Hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

Disturbances within what part of the brain can lead to unusual drinking and eating behavior?

Hypothalamus Signup and view all the answers

What part of the forebrain deals with aggression, anger, and fighting instincts?

Amygdala Signup and view all the answers

What part of the forebrain deals with learning, memory, emotion, hunger, and libido?

Limbic system Signup and view all the answers

What happens if the limbic system is damaged?

People can recall old memories but not create new ones. Signup and view all the answers

This is where all your knowledge is located. 70% of the brain.

Cerebrum Signup and view all the answers

This is the outer cortex of the cerebrum, called 'white matter' and is divided into two hemispheres.

Cerebral cortex Signup and view all the answers

This is what connects the brain's two hemispheres. If this is cut, the two halves would not be able to communicate.

Corpus callosum Signup and view all the answers

What does EEG or Electroencephalogram measure?

The electrical activity in the brain Signup and view all the answers

What does a CT Scan or Computerized Axial Tomography take pictures of?

It takes pictures of hard matter in the brain by taking x-rays that can 'slice' through the brain. Signup and view all the answers

What does an MRI or Magnetic Resonance Imaging take pictures of?

This takes pictures of soft matter in the brain. Signup and view all the answers

PET Scan: Positron Emission Tomography is when what is injected into the body?

Patient has radioactive sugar injected into body. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Parts of the Brain

The brain consists of three main parts: forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain.
Hindbrain is the oldest part of the brain, involved in basic life functions.
Forebrain is the newest part of the brain, associated with complex thought and emotional processing.

Hindbrain Functions

Regulates vital functions such as heart rate, breathing, and balance.
Medulla oblongata controls blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory functions.
Pons oversees body movement, attention span, sleep, and alertness.
Cerebellum is responsible for balance, coordination, and posture.

Midbrain Functions

Midbrain regulates sensory processing, specifically vision and hearing.
The reticular activating system within the midbrain manages attention, sleep, and arousal.

Forebrain Functions

Forebrain is critical for thought, emotion, and advanced cognitive functions.
Prefrontal cortex is involved in planning, execution of tasks, and impulse control.
Thalamus acts as a relay station for sensory information, managing sensations like temperature and pain.
Hypothalamus regulates body temperature, nutrition storage, emotional aspects, and urges such as hunger and thirst.
Damage to the hypothalamus can lead to abnormal eating and drinking behaviors.
Amygdala deals with emotions related to aggression, anger, and survival instincts.
Limbic system encompasses structures involved in learning, memory, and emotion; damage can impair the ability to create new memories while retaining old ones.

Cerebrum Structure

Cerebrum is home to approximately 70% of the brain's mass and contains all acquired knowledge.
Cerebral cortex is the outer layer of the cerebrum, composed of "white matter" and divided into two hemispheres.
Corpus callosum connects the two hemispheres, enabling communication; severing this connection leads to disjointed functionality.

Brain Imaging Techniques

EEG (Electroencephalogram) measures electrical activity within the brain.
CT Scan (Computerized Axial Tomography) creates images by taking X-ray slices through hard brain matter.
MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) provides images of soft brain matter.
PET Scan (Positron Emission Tomography) involves injecting radioactive sugar into the body to visualize metabolic activity in the brain.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the brain's three main parts: forebrain, midbrain, and hindbrain. Each flashcard presents key definitions and questions to enhance your understanding of brain anatomy. Perfect for students and anyone interested in neuroscience.