28 Islamic Topics Explained

• The text provided includes a comprehensive explanation of 28 Islamic topics.
• These were originally extracted from a lesson plan.

Iman kepada Allah (Faith in Allah)

• Belief in Allah is not just verbal, but must be reflected in actions and in the heart
• Belief in Allah includes believing in His existence, oneness (tauhid), and perfect attributes
• Daily examples of faith in Allah include being grateful, not despairing when afflicted, and guarding behavior as if always watched by Allah
• Believers strive to avoid prohibitions and carry out commands like prayer, charity, and doing good

Sifat Terpuji: Jujur, Amanah, Istiqamah (Exemplary Traits: Honesty, Trustworthiness, Steadfastness)

• Jujur (Honest) means speaking and acting truthfully, reflecting a pure and integral heart; Prophet Muhammad was called Al-Amin for his honesty
• Amanah (Trustworthy) means being reliable in all entrusted matters, like possessions, secrets, or tasks; a trustworthy person fulfills their responsibilities.
• Istiqamah means steadfastly doing good despite challenges, signifying sincerity in worship and good deeds.
• Examples of applying these traits include telling parents your actual exam score, delivering a friend's message correctly, and praying five times a day even when busy.

Bersuci (Thaharah) (Purification)

• Purification in Islam involves cleansing oneself from hadas (ritual impurity) and najis (physical impurity) to validate worship, especially prayer.
• There are two types of hadas: minor (cleaned by wudu) and major (cleaned by mandi junub/ritual bath); Najis refers to impurities that must be cleansed from the body, clothes, or place of worship.
• It is obligatory for a Muslim to perform wudu (ablution) before prayer
• Wudu comprises washing the face, hands, head, and feet; those who experience wet dreams must perform mandi junub.
• Personal hygiene entails keeping nails clean, cleaning the mouth (siwak), and maintaining a clean environment.

Salat Berjamaah (Congregational Prayer)

• Salat berjamaah involves performing prayers together, led by an imam
• Congregational prayer is more virtuous than praying alone, with rewards increased by 27 degrees
• It strengthens Islamic brotherhood, trains discipline, and promotes solidarity.
• Actions such as praying the five daily prayers in the mosque with family exemplify the practice
• The Imam should have the best Quranic recitation and proper understanding of prayer procedures
• Worshippers must follow the imam’s movements and not precede them
• It cultivates a sense of togetherness and purity of heart.

Sejarah Nabi (Prophet's History)

• Studying the Prophet Muhammad's life is important to emulate his character and struggles
• He was born in Mecca in 571 AD, descending from the Bani Hashim family
• Even from childhood, he demonstrated honesty, courage, and a kind heart
• Upon receiving the first revelation in the Cave of Hira, he was tasked with conveying Islamic teachings to humanity.
• When harmed by the Quraysh, he responded with kindness

Menuntut Ilmu (Seeking Knowledge)

• Islam emphasizes the importance of seeking knowledge
• The acquisition of knowledge is obligatory for every Muslim
• Knowledge in Islam includes both religious and beneficial general knowledge
• This is because with knowledge, people can distinguish between right and wrong and also correctly practice religious obligations
• Learning the procedures of prayer to worship correctly or studying mathematics and science to benefit society are key
• Knowledge elevates a person's status in the eyes of Allah

Empati dan Menghormati (Empathy and Respect)

• Empati involves feeling and understanding the emotions of others; Islam encourages people to care for one another, mainly those in hardship.
• Menghormati (Respecting) entails valuing others, irrespective of age or status.
• Examples of empati include comforting sad friends and helping neighbors affected by misfortune
• Examples of respect include not scolding parents, listening when teachers speak, and behaving politely towards friends

Hijrah Nabi Muhammad SAW (Prophet Muhammad's Migration)

• Hijrah was the migration of Prophet Muhammad from Mecca to Medina
• It was driven by the need to save the Islamic mission from oppression
• Hijra signifies a transformation to a better state, symbolizing a new approach not just a change of location
• In Medina, the Prophet established a peaceful, just, and tolerant society
• A key moment was when Abu Bakr accompanied the Prophet during the journey

Khulafaur Rasyidin (The Rightly Guided Caliphs)

• The Khulafaur Rasyidin were the first four caliphs after the Prophet Muhammad's death: Abu Bakr, Umar bin Khattab, Utsman bin Affan, and Ali bin Abi Thalib
• Abu Bakr was known for his courage in defending Islam and compiling the Quran, Umar for his firmness and justice, Uthman for spreading copies of the Quran, and Ali for his deep knowledge
• They serve as models for Islamic leadership.

Sifat Pemaaf, Sabar, dan Ikhlas (Traits of Forgiveness, Patience, and Sincerity)

• Being Pemaaf (Forgiving) means being willing to pardon others' mistakes, which reflects a generous heart and avoids grudges
• Being Sabar (Patient) is about enduring trials, difficulties, or temptations; patience is crucial in worship
• Ikhlas (Sincere) involves doing something solely for Allah, without seeking praise – These traits are essential for success in this world and the afterlife.

Iman kepada Kitab-Kitab Allah (Belief in the Books of Allah)

• Muslims must believe in the divine books revealed by Allah as guidance, which include the Torah (Nabi Musa), Psalms (Nabi Daud), Gospel (Nabi Isa), and Quran (Nabi Muhammad)
• The Quran confirms and completes previous scriptures
• Actions include revering holy books of all Abrahamic faiths and making the Quran the primary guide in life.

Khamr, Judi, Pertengkaran, Ghadab (Intoxicants, Gambling, Arguments, Wrath)

• Khamr includes all types of intoxicants which are prohibited in Islam because they harm the mind and body
• Judi is games of chance that rely on speculation and harm people
• Pertengkaran damages relationships, causing hatred and division
• Ghadab refers to excessive, uncontrolled anger that can drive negative actions.
• Examples: Avoiding alcohol, not participating in harmful wagering, and controlling anger in misunderstandings

Menepati Janji, Rukun, Damai (Fulfilling Promises, Harmony, Peace)

• Menepati Janji (Fulfilling Promises) is a characteristic of the faithful, while breaking promises is condemned
• Living in harmony and peace are ideals; Islam promotes unity and respect.
• Actions such as keeping appointments

Iman kepada Rasul (Belief in the Messengers)

• Belief in the Messengers means believing that Allah sent prophets and messengers to convey His revelations
• Actions include emulating Prophet Muhammad's character (such as honesty and compassion)

Pengurusan Jenazah (Managing the Deceased)

• Managing the deceased in Islam includes bathing, shrouding, praying over, and burying the body
• These processes are completed with respect and follow religious guidelines
• In Islam, the dignity of humans, living even, is always respected

Akhlak Terpuji: Husnudzon & Amal Shalih (Exemplary Morals: Positive Thinking & Righteous Deeds)

• Husnudzon is having positive assumptions about Allah and others, preventing quick judgment or suspicion
• Amal shalih encompasses all good deeds done with intention for Allah and according to religious guidance
• Examples include helping parents, aiding friends in need, and protecting the environment

Puasa (Fasting)

• Fasting means abstaining from eating, drinking, and bad deeds from dawn till dusk with the intention for Allah
• Fasting involves self-discipline, controlling desires, and increasing devotion
• Examples include controlling anger during fasting, providing meals to others, and reading the Quran.

Makanan Halal & Thayyib (Halal & Thayyib Food)

• Halal food is that which is allowed by Islamic law, while Thayyib means good, healthy, and not harmful to the body
• Islam forbids harmful food such as carrion, blood, pork, and alcohol
• Actions include consuming only nutritious and safe foods.

Daulah Abbasiyah (Abbasid Dynasty)

• The Daulah Abbasiyah was an Islamic caliphate established after the fall of the Umayyad Dynasty around 750 AD
• Its capital was Baghdad
• The Abbasid era was the golden age of Islam that saw advancements in science, philosophy, medicine, mathematics, and art.

Iman kepada Hari Akhir (Belief in the Day of Judgment)

• Belief in the Hereafter means recognizing that this world will end and humans will be resurrected to account for their deeds
• The final day is known as "Hari Kiamat"
• Actions include consistently being cautious in actions

Penyembelihan Hewan (Animal Slaughter)

• Animal slaughter should happen following Islamic law
• Rules include saying bismillah, having a sharp knife, and severing breathing & food channels
• Slaughter must be on halal animals i.e. like sheep, cows, goat and chickens

Qurban dan Aqiqah (Sacrifice and Aqiqah)

• Qurban means sacrificing animals (cows, goats, camels) during Idul Adha as compliance with Allah
• Aqiqah is sacrificing animals as a form of gratitude for a child’s birth
• Qurbans are performed during Eid al-Adha, and the meat is shared with the poor
• Aqiqah is done after a child's birth as thanks

Shalat (Prayer)

• Salat are obligatory prayers five times a day
• Salat strengthens one's connection with Allah and distances bad behaviour

Ikhlas, Sabar, dan Pemaaf (Sincerity, Patience, and Forgiveness)

• Ikhlas are deeds done solely for Allah
• Sabar demonstrates strength to face troubles
• Pemaaf brings peace and maintains solidarity

Khulafaur Rasyidin (The Rightly Guided Caliphs)

• Four key leaders of Islam after Muhammad were Abu Bakar, Usman and Ali
• The period was known for prosperity in adhering to Islamic purity

Iman kepada Takdir (Belief in Fate)

• Takdir is the decree of God that applies to all
• Takdir Mubram can not be changed and covers things like death
• Takdir Muallaq can be influenced by how a person lives life, for example, work hard and do well

Qada and Qadar Definitions

• Qada and Qadar are core parts of iman
• Qada means the final decree of Allah from pre-existence
• Qadar is the demonstration of Allahs qada

Tatakrama (Etiquette)

• Tatakrama refers to ethics and etiquette in behaviour
• Tatakrama upholds social connections in harmony

Tradisi Islam (Islamic Traditions)

• Traditions of Islam are habits which contain teachings of Islam such as maulid Nabi
• During the celebration of Muhammad's birth there are lectures and prayers
• It is essential to make sure that traditions maintain messages of the core Islamic beliefs