21st Century World Literature Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What distinguishes world literature from national literature?

  • World literature encompasses outstanding characteristics from various nations. (correct)
  • World literature is specific to one time period.
  • National literature includes works from many cultures.
  • National literature is accessible to people from different ethnicities.

Which of the following is NOT a prevalent theme in 21st Century World Literature?

  • Proliferation of vampires
  • Sorcery
  • Space and science fiction
  • Historical biographies (correct)

Which literary work is described as a classic that extolls love, inner beauty, and friendship?

  • The Little Prince (correct)
  • War and Peace
  • Pride and Prejudice
  • The Great Gatsby

What is a notable quote from The Little Prince?

<p>&quot;What is essential is invisible to the eyes.&quot; (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines regional poets?

<p>Writers limited to a specific region or nation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of writing has historically influenced Asian literature?

<p>Philosophical and religious works (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What script is described as a calligraphic type utilized for official records in Chinese literature?

<p>Lishu (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best categorizes Asian literature?

<p>Categorized into Chinese, Japanese, and Indian literature. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What literary movement in Latin America emerged in the late 19th century?

<p>Modernismo (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of an epic poem?

<p>Long narrative about a hero and his deeds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which work is often considered a significant example of Middle English literature?

<p>The Canterbury Tales (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The term 'Criollo' refers to which of the following in Latin America?

<p>Locally born individuals with European ancestry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which literary style blends fantastical elements with everyday life?

<p>Magic realism (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What period is described as the time of 'foundational fictions' in Latin American literature?

<p>19th century (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What notable change in Latin America occurred after World War II regarding literature?

<p>Emergence of a literary boom (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a defining trait of post-Boom literature in Latin America?

<p>Tendency towards irony and popular genres (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of a Lushi poem?

<p>Eight lines of five or seven syllables each (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes a Jueju?

<p>It consists of four lines each with five or seven words. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a Haiku?

<p>A three-line poem with a 5-7-5 syllable structure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many syllables does a Tanka poem contain?

<p>31 syllables in five lines (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Renga known for?

<p>A collaborative poetry genre with alternating stanzas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary theme of the epic poem Beowulf?

<p>Heroism and loyalty (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of Choka poetry?

<p>Alternating lines of five and seven syllables (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What marked the end of the Old English period?

<p>The Norman Conquest of 1066 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is NOT associated with Old English literature?

<p>Use of rhyming couplets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes Indian literature?

<p>Written in a variety of vernacular languages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which epic is considered the longest poem in history?

<p>Mahabharata (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the arrival of the Normans influence the English language?

<p>It introduced significant vocabulary and grammatical changes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What form of literary work is the Panchatantra?

<p>A collection of animal fables (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one purpose of using kennings in Old English literature?

<p>To enhance poetic expression and imagery (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which time did Middle English prevail in England and Wales?

<p>1100 to 1500 AD (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which dialect is NOT one of the four dialects of Old English?

<p>Yorkshire (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which languages are mentioned as being widely used for inter-ethnic communication in Africa?

<p>Arabic, Somali, and Yoruba (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which literary genre flourished in African literature?

<p>Poetry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does Negritude primarily advocate for?

<p>Self-affirmation of black culture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of literature is referred to as 'orature'?

<p>Traditional literature communicated orally (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common theme in African literature?

<p>Racial discrimination and human rights (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primary goal did Alioune Diop have for the journal 'Presence Africaine'?

<p>To define African originality and modernize it (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of oral literature mentioned?

<p>Short stories (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do epics in African oral literature typically recount?

<p>The heroic exploits of ancestors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of praise poems?

<p>To celebrate the outstanding qualities of an object (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes proverbs?

<p>Concise statements that offer advice or commentary (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the main factors that led to the spread of literacy in Africa during the third wave?

<p>Colonialism and missionary activities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT classified as written literature?

<p>Oral traditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which critical reading strategy involves examining a reader's personal responses to the text?

<p>Reflecting (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do literatures of testimony differ from other forms of literature?

<p>They include novels, plays, and poems from the 1950s and 60s (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which critical reading strategy helps a reader understand the text's structure?

<p>Making an Outline and Summary (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What might be an example of literatures of revolt?

<p>Novel and plays written in European languages by African authors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

World Literature

Literature showcasing the best qualities of national literatures, accessible to various cultures.

National Literature

Literature specific to a particular country or time period.

21st Century World Literature Themes

Common themes in contemporary world literature, like vampires, sorcery, science fiction.

The Little Prince Author

Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, a pilot, writer, and poet.

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Asian Literature

Literature from various Asian countries, often reflecting the ideologies of its era.

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Lishu

A calligraphic script type, used for official documents and correspondence.

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Universal Themes

Themes common in stories that attract a wide range of audiences.

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Regional Poets

Writers whose work is confined to a specific region or nation.

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Jueju

A four-line Chinese poem with each line having 5 or 7 syllables.

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Haiku

A three-line Japanese poem with 5-7-5 syllables.

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Tanka

A Japanese poem with 31 syllables, structured in five lines (5-7-5-7-7).

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Mahabharata

A long Sanskrit epic poem with about 100,000 couplets, considered a significant Hindu text.

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Ramayana

A shorter Sanskrit epic poem (approx. 2400 couplets) with significant themes of family.

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Japanese Literature

Major collection of literary works in Japan, comparable in scope and importance to English literature.

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Mahabharata and Ramayana

Two famous Indian epics, known for their family dramas, conflicts over land and dharma, and tragic consequences.

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Panchatantra

A collection of Indian animal fables, written in Sanskrit, using a mixture of prose and verse. Fables offer humorous and wise advice.

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Kennings

Phrases or compound words used to name persons, places, or things indirectly in Old English poetry. Used to enhance poetic expression and create visual imagery.

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Old English

The earliest form of the English language, characterized by extensive use of case endings, a mix of pagan and Christian beliefs, and the use of kennings.

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Beowulf

The longest and oldest known Old English epic poem, known for its use of kennings and themes of heroism and loyalty.

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Norman Conquest

The event in 1066 when William, Duke of Normandy, conquered England. This significantly influenced the English language, adding French influences and ushering in the Middle English period.

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Middle English

The English language spoken from around 1100 to 1500, an intermediary stage between Old English and Modern English.

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Norman French Influence

The impact of French on English during the Middle English period, including vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation changes.

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Negritude

A literary and philosophical movement celebrating Black identity and culture. It emphasizes the values and traditions of African civilizations, challenging European colonialism.

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Praise Poem

A type of poem that celebrates an object's outstanding qualities and achievements.

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Myths

Traditional stories that explain the origins of the world, the relationship between humans and nature, and the cultural beliefs of a people.

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Epics

Long poems or narratives that recount the heroic deeds of legendary figures or the history of a nation, usually performed on special occasions.

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Proverb

A short, witty, or ironic statement that offers advice, communicates a response, or persuades.

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Dirges

Songs or poems chanted at funerals, lamenting the death of a loved one, praising their memory, and seeking their protection.

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Literatures of Testimony

Written works, often novels, plays, and poems, produced in the 1950s and 60s that documented personal experiences and perspectives on African society.

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Literatures of Revolt

Works written by African authors in European languages that challenged colonial rule and expressed African identities.

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Apartheid

A system of racial segregation and discrimination enforced in South Africa from 1948 to 1991, denying basic rights to people of color.

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Feminism in African Literature

A focus on the challenges, experiences, and perspectives of women in African societies, highlighting struggles for equality and challenging traditional gender roles.

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Previewing a Text

A critical reading strategy that involves skimming a text to get a sense of its overall content and organization.

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Contextualizing

A critical reading strategy that considers the historical and cultural context in which a text was written.

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Making a Summary

A critical reading strategy that involves condensing a text's main ideas into a concise overview.

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Evaluating the Argument

A critical reading strategy that involves assessing the validity of a text's claims and supporting evidence.

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Geoffrey Chaucer

An English author often called the "father of English literature." He is known for writing "The Canterbury Tales," a collection of stories told by pilgrims on their journey to Canterbury.

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Epic poem

A long narrative poem that tells the story of a hero and their heroic deeds, often involving mythical or legendary figures.

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Novel

A long prose narrative that tells a story about fictional characters and events, typically presented in a chronological order.

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Magical Realism

A literary style that blends elements of fantasy and the supernatural into everyday life, often found in Latin American literature.

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Latin American Literature

Oral and written literature from Latin America, encompassing Spanish, Portuguese, indigenous languages, and US literature in Spanish. It gained prominence in the 20th century due to the success of magical realism.

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"Foundational Fictions"

Novels produced in the 19th century in Latin America that aimed to establish a sense of national identity, often focusing on indigenous themes and the clash between 'civilization' and 'barbarism.'

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Modernismo

A poetic movement in Latin America that emerged in the late 19th century, with Rubén Darío's "Azul" being a defining text.

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Study Notes

21st Century Literature

  • World literature encompasses outstanding characteristics from various nations, unlike national literature which is specific to a country or time period.
  • World literature is accessible to many cultures, ethnicities, and societies.
  • Elements of world literature often include universal themes relatable across cultures, like love, family struggles, individual success, humanitarian values, tragedy, and life cycles.

Elements of World Literature

  • Universal themes in 21st-century world literature include vampires, sorcery, space, and science fiction.
  • The Little Prince, by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, is a classic novella emphasizing love, inner beauty, and friendship.

Asian Literature

  • Asian literature encompasses various countries' written works spanning thousands of years.
  • Asian literature often reflects prevalent ideologies of its time.
  • Chinese literature includes fiction, philosophy, religion, poetry, and scientific writings.

Chinese Literature

  • Lishu (clerical script) is a calligraphic script emphasizing line thickness variations.
  • Lushi is a form of eight-line Chinese poetry.
  • Jueju is a four-line Chinese quatrain.

Japanese Literature

  • Japanese literature, less voluminous than Chinese, is comparable to Arabic, Persian, and Indian in age and variety.
  • Haiku is a three-line Japanese poem with 5-7-5 syllable structure.
  • Tanka is a 31-syllable Japanese poem in five lines.
  • Choka is a waka type poem with alternating 5 and 7 syllable lines.
  • Renga is a collaborative Japanese poetry in which alternating stanzas are written by different people.

Indian Literature

  • Indian literature includes works from various languages (Sanskrit, Hindi, Punjabi, Tamil, Urdu).
  • Mahabharata is a long Sanskrit epic poem, considered a historical and dramatic text by Hindus.
  • Ramayana is a shorter Sanskrit epic poem than the Mahabharata.
  • Indian literature and drama often focus on family dynamics and relationships.
  • Panchatantra is a collection of Indian animal fables.

English Literature

Old English Characteristics

  • Old English literature features extensive use of case endings, mixtures of pagan and Christian thought, and kennings (poetic phrases).
  • Beowulf, the oldest known Old English poem, is an epic poem focusing on heroism and loyalty.

Old, Middle, and Modern English Periods

  • Old English refers to the language from the 5th to the 11th century, influenced by Anglo-Saxon settlers.
  • Middle English spans the period from 1066 (Norman Conquest) to 1485.
  • Modern English followed the Middle English period.
  • The Norman Conquest brought French influence to the English language and culture, shaping Middle English literature.

Geoffrey Chaucer

  • Geoffrey Chaucer is considered the father of English literature.
  • Canterbury Tales is a notable Middle English work.

Literary Forms

  • Epic poems are long narrative poems focusing on heroes.
  • Sonnets are fourteen-line poems with specific rhyme schemes.
  • Dramas tell stories through dialogue, performed on stage.
  • Novels are long prose narratives focusing on fictional characters and events.

Latin American Literature

  • Latin American literature includes oral and written works reflecting the region's cultural diversity, particularly in Spanish, Portuguese, and indigenous languages
  • It rose to prominence globally in the second half of the 20th century.
  • Magical realism, a blend of fantasy and reality, emerged as a prominent style.
  • Pre-Columbian cultures primarily relied on oral traditions.
  • Criollo refers to locally born individuals with European ancestry.

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