21st Century Literature: Old & Middle English

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Questions and Answers

What time period does Old English literature cover?

  • 700 to 1300 AD
  • 600 to 1200 AD (correct)
  • 800 to 1400 AD
  • 500 to 1000 AD

Which term describes someone who studies the development of languages?

  • Sociologist
  • Linguist
  • Historian
  • Philologist (correct)

Which of the following best describes the nature of Old English literature?

  • A philosophical exploration of existence
  • Purely comedic works intended for entertainment
  • Soulful and practical expressions of struggles and triumphs (correct)
  • Highly formalized and academic discussions

What is the primary focus of the vocabulary term 'ecclesiastical'?

<p>Connected to the Christian church or clergy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did invasions play in the context of Old English literature?

<p>They were a source of struggle and triumph reflected in the literature. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following reflects a characteristic of the Middle English period?

<p>Emergence of more complex character development (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term refers to a basic element or foundation of something?

<p>Cornerstone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key question guiding the discussion of Old and Middle English literature?

<p>How did the Old and Middle Ages shape English literature? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What poetic structure is suggested for the poem to be written?

<p>Bob and wheel (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many kennings must be included in the poem?

<p>Five (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the suggested method for displaying the poem?

<p>Classroom bulletin board (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What theme is primarily encouraged in the poem writing activity?

<p>Modern-day objects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main characteristics of kenning usage in poetry?

<p>Metaphorical expressions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which generation of literature does this poem-writing activity relate to?

<p>21st-century literature (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate medium suggested for writing the poem?

<p>Short bond paper (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an expected format feature for the poem?

<p>Complex rhyme scheme (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a kenning in poetry?

<p>A form of figurative language made up of two words (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of 'The Dream of the Rood'?

<p>It is a dream poem about a significant symbol of sacrifice. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Middle English period influence literary works?

<p>It combined both religious and secular elements in literature. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the theme prevalent in Middle English literature?

<p>Religious devotion and morality (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following works is attributed to the Old English period?

<p>Beowulf (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the early Middle English poetry?

<p>Adaptation from Norman styles with Old English roots (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the earliest prose work written during the Old English period?

<p>The law code of King Aethelberht I (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which period succeeded Old English in the historical development of the English language?

<p>Middle English (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which literary form incorporates a specific rhyme scheme and is associated with Edmund Spenser?

<p>Spenserian stanza (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a literary device where a short phrase or stanza is added at the end of a larger poem?

<p>Bob and wheel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which period does the literature discussed in the content primarily focus on?

<p>20th Century Literature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is known for the play 'Doctor Faustus' and is a significant figure in English literature?

<p>Christopher Marlowe (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following sources would provide information on Iambic Pentameter?

<p>National Endowment For The Arts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main theme of 'The Dream of the Rood' in English literature?

<p>The relationship between the cross and Christ (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which author is associated with the use of Iambic Pentameter as a structured poetic line?

<p>William Shakespeare (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following biographies is NOT listed in the resources provided?

<p>John Milton (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines a kenning in literature?

<p>A compound expression in Old English with metaphorical meaning. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic is most representative of the early period of Middle English literature?

<p>Emergence of vernacular English in literature. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which literary technique is commonly found in Old English literature?

<p>Alliteration. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theme is most likely to be prevalent in a text from the Old English period?

<p>The conflict between human ambition and fate. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of a cause and effect essay regarding Old English and Middle English literature?

<p>Exploring the evolution of language and form. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In examining a literary text from the Old English Period, which question would help uncover its historical significance?

<p>What does this text reveal about the values of the time? (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How might a text from the Old English period relate to the 21st-century world?

<p>By showcasing the continuity of certain human themes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is essential to consider when analyzing literary devices in a selection from the Old English period?

<p>The cultural context and the purpose of the devices. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a prominent feature of Middle English poetry?

<p>Alliterative verse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'bob and wheel' refer to in the context of alliterative poetry?

<p>A shorter line and a following quatrain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following works is considered significant in Middle English literature?

<p>Le Morte d’Arthur (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who challenges Sir Gawain to strike him with an axe in 'Sir Gawain and the Green Knight'?

<p>The Green Knight (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 'Le Morte d’Arthur', what revelation does Sir Ector make about Arthur?

<p>Arthur is not his biological father. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What literary device is highlighted in the structure of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight?

<p>Alliteration (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the author of 'The Canterbury Tales'?

<p>Geoffrey Chaucer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In 'Le Morte d’Arthur', what emotion does Arthur express upon learning the truth about his lineage?

<p>Sorrow (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Kenning

A type of figurative language used in Old English poetry, replacing a noun with a phrase (usually two words).

Old English Period

A historical period in English literature spanning from 600 to 1200 AD, characterized by the struggles, losses, and triumphs of the Anglo-Saxon people.

Anglo-Saxon writings

Literature and spoken works from the ancient lands of the UK, encompassing the Old English Period

Old English Poetry Example

"The Dream of the Rood" from the Vercelli Book; earliest dream poem and one of the greatest religious poems.

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Middle English

A period of English language development, following Old English, and preceding Modern English.

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English language in the Old & Middle Ages

English language evolved significantly during the Old and Middle Ages, marked by unique characteristics compared to the modern English Language.

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Ecclesiastical

Related to the Christian church or clergy.

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Middle English Literary Focus

Mostly religious; stories, plays, sermons reflecting social levels of the time.

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Old English/Middle English Influence

Middle English poetry was initially influenced by Norman adaptations, continuing Old English traditions, and borrowing from French.

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Cornerstone

A fundamental element or base of something.

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Philologist

A person who studies the development of languages and words.

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Law Code of King Aethelberht I

Earliest known prose work, dated 597, detailing laws, wills, and charters.

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Gallic

French.

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Formulaic

Characterised by a formula or predictable style.

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Kenning

A figurative phrase that replaces a noun in Old English poetry

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Middle English literature early period

Initially influenced by religion, featuring stories and plays reflecting societal structures.

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Old English/Middle English Literature Cause and Effect

Old English laid the groundwork for Middle English, influencing its themes, narrative styles, and poetic devices.

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Middle English Poetry

Middle English poetry, influenced by Old English traditions, used alliterative verse, stress, and caesura, evolving over time with varied forms.

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Alliterative Verse

A style of Middle English poetry featuring a repeating pattern of consonant sounds at the beginning of words, with variable patterns.

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Sir Gawain and the Green Knight

A significant example of Middle English alliterative verse, following a 'bob and wheel' structure; a knight's quest and adventure.

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Bob and Wheel

A poetic structure where a short 'bob' line is followed by a quatrain ('wheel'). A poetic form in Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.

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Le Morte d’Arthur

A significant Middle English work about the legend of King Arthur, published by William Caxton, focusing on Arthur and Sir Launcelot stories.

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The Canterbury Tales

A famous collection of stories, by Geoffrey Chaucer, reflecting aspects of medieval life.

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King Arthur

A legendary king of Britain, central figure in many Middle English tales.

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Sir Launcelot du Lac

A knight associated with the legend of King Arthur, featured in "Le Morte d’Arthur."

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21st Century Literature

Literature from the Philippines and the world, written in the 21st century.

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Grade 11/12 Unit 14

A unit focused on English Literature, likely for high school students.

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Bibliography

A list of sources used in a piece of writing.

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William Shakespeare

Famous English playwright and poet.

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Medieval Writers

Authors and works written during the Middle Ages.

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Formal English

A type of English used in formal settings.

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Informal English

A type of English used in casual settings.

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Romanticism

An artistic, literary, and intellectual movement.

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Victorianism

An era in arts and literature in England.

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World War II Literature

Literature reflecting the experiences of World War II.

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Bob and Wheel

Style of poem, possibly in a specific format.

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Kennings

Figurative language in Old English poetry.

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Spenserian Stanza

A 9-line stanza with a specific rhyme scheme and meter, commonly used in English poetry. It consists of an eight-line stanza followed by a rhyming couplet and is a type of iambic verse.

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Iambic Pentameter

A rhythmic pattern in poetry, with five iambs (a combination of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable) per line.

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Elizabethan Literature

English literature produced during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I, which includes poetry, drama, and prose.

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The Dream of the Rood

A significant Old English poem, depicting the Cross's role as a savior.

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Bob and Wheel

A poetic structure in Middle English verse characterized by a short, rhyming line or couplet (the 'bob') followed by a longer stanza (the 'wheel').

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Alliterative Verse

A type of Old English and Middle English poetry that uses alliteration (repeating consonant sounds) to create rhythm and emphasis in the lines.

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Middle English

A stage of the English language that followed Old English and preceded Modern English, marked by significant changes in grammar and vocabulary.

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Study Notes

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World - Old English and Middle English Literature Study Notes

  • Lesson 14.1 covers Old English and Middle English Literature.
  • English literature is a result of the growth and development of English culture throughout the centuries, along with changes in perspective.
  • England, Scotland, and Wales comprise Great Britain, which, along with Northern Ireland, forms the United Kingdom.
  • Old English Period (600-1200 AD): This period represents the practical expressions of a people facing struggles, invasions, and wars. It includes Anglo-Saxon written and spoken works from the lands that are now the UK. The literature is often religious, focusing on saints' lives, religious poems, and biblical narratives.
  • Important Personalities:
    • St. Bede (Venerable Bede): monk who wrote the ecclesiastical history of England, considered a cornerstone of literary tradition.
    • Alfred the Great: first Anglo-Saxon king who unified the Anglo-Saxons and brought literacy to the people.
    • Augustine of Canterbury: In 597 AD, his arrival to England contributed to establishing schools and monasteries, leading to the creation of literary works.
    • William the Duke of Normandy: 1066, his victory in the Battle of Hastings led to Anglo-Norman dominance in Britain, marking a shift in English literature development.
  • Old English Literature Characteristics (Poetry):
    • Four-stress and six-stress lines: Characteristic patterns in Old English poetry.
    • Caesura: Syntactical pauses or breaks strategically placed in the poem (typically between second and third stresses).
    • Formulaic: Use of established patterns and phrases.
    • Kennings: Figurative language, replacing nouns with descriptive phrases (eg., swan-road for sea).
    • Examples: "The Dream of the Rood", important religious poems.
  • Middle English Period: This period followed the Norman Conquest. - This period's literature emerged from the earlier Anglo-Saxon period, showcased a merging of influences with French elements, and focused on some aspects of religion. - Alliterative verse: A major feature of Middle English poetry, using stressed syllables, with characteristic patterns of stress and caesura. - Examples: "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight" (featuring bob and wheel style), The Legend of King Arthur, The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer.

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