20 Amino Acids Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Name the 9 non-polar (hydrophobic) amino acids.

Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, Proline

Name the 6 polar (hydrophilic) amino acids.

Serine, Threonine, Cysteine, Tyrosine, Asparagine, Glutamine

Name the 5 electrically charged (hydrophilic) amino acids.

Aspartic, Glutamic, Lysine, Arginine, Histidine

What is the abbreviation for Glycine?

<p>Gly (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Alanine?

<p>Ala (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Valine?

<p>Val (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Leucine?

<p>Leu (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Isoleucine?

<p>Ile (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Methionine?

<p>Met (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Phenylalanine?

<p>Phe (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Tryptophan?

<p>Trp (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Proline?

<p>Pro (C), Pro (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Serine?

<p>Ser (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Threonine?

<p>Thr (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Cysteine?

<p>Cys (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Tyrosine?

<p>Tyr (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Asparagine?

<p>Asn (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Glutamine?

<p>Gln (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Aspartic Acid?

<p>Asp (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Glutamic Acid?

<p>Glu (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Lysine?

<p>Lys (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Arginine?

<p>Arg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the abbreviation for Histidine?

<p>His (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Non-polar Amino Acids

Amino acids that are hydrophobic and do not interact well with water.

Polar Amino Acids

Amino acids that are hydrophilic and can interact with water.

Electrically Charged Amino Acids

Amino acids that have a charge, making them hydrophilic.

Glycine (Gly)

The simplest amino acid, categorized as non-polar.

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Alanine (Ala)

A non-polar amino acid commonly involved in protein structure.

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Valine (Val)

An essential non-polar amino acid involved in muscle metabolism.

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Leucine (Leu)

An essential non-polar amino acid critical for protein synthesis and muscle repair.

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Isoleucine (Ile)

Essential amino acid that is non-polar and important for energy regulation.

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Methionine (Met)

A non-polar amino acid that contains sulfur and initiates protein synthesis.

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Phenylalanine (Phe)

An aromatic non-polar amino acid, precursor to neurotransmitters.

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Tryptophan (Trp)

A non-polar amino acid, precursor to serotonin.

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Proline (Pro)

A unique non-polar amino acid that helps form collagen.

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Serine (Ser)

A polar amino acid involved in various metabolic processes.

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Threonine (Thr)

An essential polar amino acid important for protein synthesis.

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Cysteine (Cys)

A polar amino acid containing sulfur, crucial for disulfide bonds.

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Tyrosine (Tyr)

A polar amino acid, a precursor to hormones like thyroid hormones.

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Asparagine (Asn)

A polar amino acid involved in nitrogen transport and metabolism.

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Glutamine (Gln)

Most abundant polar amino acid in blood, vital for immune function.

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Aspartic Acid (Asp)

An electrically charged amino acid that plays a role in metabolism.

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Glutamic Acid (Glu)

An electrically charged amino acid functioning as a neurotransmitter.

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Lysine (Lys)

Essential positively charged amino acid for protein synthesis.

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Arginine (Arg)

Electrically charged amino acid, a precursor to nitric oxide.

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Histidine (His)

An electrically charged amino acid essential for growth and tissue repair.

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Study Notes

Amino Acid Classification

  • Non-polar (Hydrophobic) Amino Acids: Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Methionine, Phenylalanine, Tryptophan, Proline
  • Polar (Hydrophilic) Amino Acids: Serine, Threonine, Cysteine, Tyrosine, Asparagine, Glutamine
  • Electrically Charged (Hydrophilic) Amino Acids: Aspartic acid, Glutamic acid, Lysine, Arginine, Histidine

Individual Amino Acids and Their Abbreviations

  • Glycine (Gly): Simplest amino acid, non-polar
  • Alanine (Ala): A non-polar amino acid, commonly involved in protein structure
  • Valine (Val): Non-polar, essential amino acid, involved in muscle metabolism
  • Leucine (Leu): Essential, non-polar amino acid, important for protein synthesis and muscle repair
  • Isoleucine (Ile): Essential amino acid, non-polar, critical for energy regulation
  • Methionine (Met): Non-polar, contains sulfur, initiates protein synthesis
  • Phenylalanine (Phe): Aromatic non-polar amino acid, precursor to neurotransmitters
  • Tryptophan (Trp): Precursor to serotonin, non-polar
  • Proline (Pro): Unique structure, contributes to the formation of collagen; non-polar
  • Serine (Ser): Polar amino acid, involved in metabolic processes and enzyme regulation
  • Threonine (Thr): Polar, essential amino acid, involved in protein synthesis and immune function
  • Cysteine (Cys): Contains sulfur, important for forming disulfide bonds in proteins, polar
  • Tyrosine (Tyr): Precursor to hormones like thyroid hormones; polar
  • Asparagine (Asn): Polar, involved in nitrogen transport and metabolism
  • Glutamine (Gln): Most abundant amino acid in blood, polar, vital for immune function
  • Aspartic Acid (Asp): Electrically charged, plays a role in metabolic processes
  • Glutamic Acid (Glu): Electrically charged, functions as a neurotransmitter
  • Lysine (Lys): Essential, positively charged, important for protein synthesis and hormone production
  • Arginine (Arg): Electrically charged, precursor to nitric oxide, important for blood flow
  • Histidine (His): Electrically charged, essential for growth and tissue repair; involved in hemoglobin's function.

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Test your knowledge on the 20 amino acids with this engaging flashcard quiz! Learn to differentiate between non-polar, polar, and electrically charged amino acids quickly and effectively. Perfect for students in biology or biochemistry.

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