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Questions and Answers
What is the starting page number for the section on 'In the nineteenth century'?
What is the starting page number for the section on 'In the nineteenth century'?
Which of these is a section title?
Which of these is a section title?
On what page does the conclusion of the discussion begin?
On what page does the conclusion of the discussion begin?
Which of these is a sub-section within a larger chapter?
Which of these is a sub-section within a larger chapter?
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What is the starting page number for the section on 'Sixteenth-Century Amerindians'?
What is the starting page number for the section on 'Sixteenth-Century Amerindians'?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a comparative study related to the representation of the African and Afro-descendant subject in Latin American literature?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a comparative study related to the representation of the African and Afro-descendant subject in Latin American literature?
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What is the main topic discussed in this chapter?
What is the main topic discussed in this chapter?
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What is the purpose of discussing 'empathy,' 'social hegemony,' and 'civilized' and 'civil' within the framework of this study?
What is the purpose of discussing 'empathy,' 'social hegemony,' and 'civilized' and 'civil' within the framework of this study?
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According to the passage, who are the intended readers of the nine advocacy narratives analyzed in this study?
According to the passage, who are the intended readers of the nine advocacy narratives analyzed in this study?
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How does the passage utilize sources to illustrate the concept of empathy?
How does the passage utilize sources to illustrate the concept of empathy?
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Which of the following concepts is NOT discussed within the theoretical framework outlined in the passage?
Which of the following concepts is NOT discussed within the theoretical framework outlined in the passage?
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What is the purpose of referring to M.L. Hoffman's insights on how emotions are aroused?
What is the purpose of referring to M.L. Hoffman's insights on how emotions are aroused?
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Who are the authors of the nine advocacy narratives that the study analyzes?
Who are the authors of the nine advocacy narratives that the study analyzes?
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What is the main goal of the theoretical framework laid out in this chapter?
What is the main goal of the theoretical framework laid out in this chapter?
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What was the main concern of Domingo del Monte in his correspondence with Alexander Everett?
What was the main concern of Domingo del Monte in his correspondence with Alexander Everett?
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How does Louis Althusser define the role of ideology in society?
How does Louis Althusser define the role of ideology in society?
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According to the content, which statement best describes capitalism?
According to the content, which statement best describes capitalism?
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What historical events does Jerome Branche's article discuss?
What historical events does Jerome Branche's article discuss?
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What does the phrase 'capital is not an organization' imply about capitalism?
What does the phrase 'capital is not an organization' imply about capitalism?
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What is a critical factor that allows capital's processes to function, according to the content?
What is a critical factor that allows capital's processes to function, according to the content?
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What is the primary focus of the narratives of advocacy mentioned in the content?
What is the primary focus of the narratives of advocacy mentioned in the content?
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How does the content describe the interests of the ruling class in capitalism?
How does the content describe the interests of the ruling class in capitalism?
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What does Harvey suggest about capital in the context of exploitation?
What does Harvey suggest about capital in the context of exploitation?
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Which of the following best describes the authors of the narratives of advocacy?
Which of the following best describes the authors of the narratives of advocacy?
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What was Fr. Bartolomé de Las Casas's regret regarding African enslavement?
What was Fr. Bartolomé de Las Casas's regret regarding African enslavement?
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Which attribute is NOT a criterion for narratives of advocacy as described in the content?
Which attribute is NOT a criterion for narratives of advocacy as described in the content?
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What time period do the narratives advocating for Amerindians primarily focus on?
What time period do the narratives advocating for Amerindians primarily focus on?
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What does the phrase 'perceive themselves as civilized' imply about the readers of the narratives?
What does the phrase 'perceive themselves as civilized' imply about the readers of the narratives?
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What emotional response do the narratives of advocacy seek to inspire in their readers?
What emotional response do the narratives of advocacy seek to inspire in their readers?
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Which of the following texts is associated with Fr. Bartolomé de Las Casas?
Which of the following texts is associated with Fr. Bartolomé de Las Casas?
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What was the primary reason for the shift from slavery to cheaper labor in the 19th century?
What was the primary reason for the shift from slavery to cheaper labor in the 19th century?
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How does the text characterize the impact of narratives of advocacy on the conditions of the exploited?
How does the text characterize the impact of narratives of advocacy on the conditions of the exploited?
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What was the primary motivation for capital's shift to cheaper labor?
What was the primary motivation for capital's shift to cheaper labor?
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What is the author's main argument regarding the role of advocacy narratives in societal change?
What is the author's main argument regarding the role of advocacy narratives in societal change?
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What is the author's view on the relationship between capital and societal change?
What is the author's view on the relationship between capital and societal change?
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How does the text relate the concept of "primitive accumulation" to the shift from slavery to cheaper labor?
How does the text relate the concept of "primitive accumulation" to the shift from slavery to cheaper labor?
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Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to the shift from slavery to cheaper labor in the 19th century?
Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a factor contributing to the shift from slavery to cheaper labor in the 19th century?
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Why was it no longer advantageous for capital to exploit Black Africans through slavery in the 19th century?
Why was it no longer advantageous for capital to exploit Black Africans through slavery in the 19th century?
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Flashcards
Sixteenth Century Advocacy
Sixteenth Century Advocacy
Narratives aimed at influencing actions or policies during the 1500s.
Readers of Advocacy Narratives
Readers of Advocacy Narratives
The audience that engages with texts intended to persuade or argue a point.
Portuguese America
Portuguese America
Refers to the territories in the Americas colonized by Portugal.
Carta en Lengua Latina
Carta en Lengua Latina
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Consejo de Indias
Consejo de Indias
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Nineteenth Century Capital Changes
Nineteenth Century Capital Changes
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Disposable Laborers
Disposable Laborers
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Advocacy Narratives
Advocacy Narratives
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Profit-Driven Change
Profit-Driven Change
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Ideological State Apparatus
Ideological State Apparatus
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Slave Uprising Threat
Slave Uprising Threat
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Primitive Accumulation
Primitive Accumulation
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Marx's View on Capital
Marx's View on Capital
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Juan Francisco Manzano
Juan Francisco Manzano
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Domingo del Monte
Domingo del Monte
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Slave Insurgencies
Slave Insurgencies
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Capitalism
Capitalism
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Ruling Class (according to Marx)
Ruling Class (according to Marx)
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Correspondence of Del Monte and Everett
Correspondence of Del Monte and Everett
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Harvey's definition of capital
Harvey's definition of capital
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Narratives of Advocacy
Narratives of Advocacy
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Fr. Bartolomé de Las Casas
Fr. Bartolomé de Las Casas
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Civility in Advocacy
Civility in Advocacy
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Empathy in Texts
Empathy in Texts
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Influential Advocacy
Influential Advocacy
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Nineteenth Century Advocacy
Nineteenth Century Advocacy
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Letters to Authority
Letters to Authority
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Lorna Williams
Lorna Williams
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Antislavery texts
Antislavery texts
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Julio Ramos
Julio Ramos
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Cuerpo, lengua, subjetividad
Cuerpo, lengua, subjetividad
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Cecilia Valdés
Cecilia Valdés
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Autobiografía de un esclavo
Autobiografía de un esclavo
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Casanova-Marengo
Casanova-Marengo
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Cuban intellectual authors
Cuban intellectual authors
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Empathy
Empathy
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Social Hegemony
Social Hegemony
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Civilized
Civilized
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Civil
Civil
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Emotional Level Connection
Emotional Level Connection
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Representation of the Other
Representation of the Other
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Effects on Society
Effects on Society
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Study Notes
16th and 19th Century Narratives of Advocacy
- Narratives of advocacy, written by authors within the intellectual sector, advocated for exploited groups (Amerindians in the 16th century, enslaved Africans and Afrodescendants in the 19th century).
- These narratives aimed to inspire empathy in readers who perceived themselves as civilized, influencing societal changes.
- Success of these narratives depended on whether capital (and the ruling class) needed or could profit from change.
- External factors like state intervention impacted the narratives' popular acceptance and impact on lawmaking.
Defining "Narratives of Advocacy"
- Authors belong to or assimilate into the intellectual sector.
- Target readers perceive themselves as civilized.
- Portray exploited groups to inspire empathy in readers.
- Circulated relatively widely during the exploitation period.
- Considered influential in legal changes.
Capital's Role in Change
- Capital (a process of using money to create more money) inherently seeks to maximize profit through resource (human and non-human) exploitation.
- Capital's willingness to change relies on societal support and specific conditions.
- Capital, which is ultimately a process, does not mean an organization, but is a force impacting social change and exploitation.
Types of Capital
- Early Forms included usurer's and merchant's capital.
- The discovery of gold, enslavement, and other practices driven by capital marked the beginning of capitalist production.
- Marx described capital as having blood and dirt on it, symbolizing exploitation.
Fear of Rebellion
- The fear of slave uprising was a factor, especially after the Haitian Revolution.
- This fear shaped efforts to end the slave trade to avoid increased risk of rebellion.
State's Role in Filtering Narratives
- The state's ideological state apparatus can filter out narratives of advocacy, potentially influencing whether such narratives become popular.
- As advocating texts become popular, this makes them likely to effect change.
Specific Examples of Narratives
- Covers 16th century Amerindian texts and 19th-century texts advocating for enslaved Africans and Afro-descendants. Examples of texts mentioned include Carta en lengua latina de dóminicos y franciscanos a los regentes de España (1517), Carta al Rey del Padre Fr.Pedro de Córdoba (1517), Información en derecho del licenciado Quiroga (1535), and Historia de las Indias by Las Casas (mentions regret over suggestion of African slavery.)
Related Comparative Studies
- Includes work by authors such as Lorna Williams, Julio Ramos, and Ilia Casanova-Marengo, examining slavery representation in literature.
- Studies analyzed relevant texts like Autobiografı́a de un esclavo poeta, Francisco, Sab, Cecilia Valdés, and Sofı́a which used language and other literary tools to advocate for social change. Analysis considers the linguistic heterogeneity of the 19th-century abolitionist writings, which influenced perceptions of slavery and enslaved individuals.
Key Concepts in Theoretical Framework
- Empathy: Its historical development, a complex emotion aroused through various means.
- Social Hegemony: Its description through Gramsci and Bourdieu's concepts.
- Civilization and Civility: The meanings of these terms in the 16th and 19th centuries, as defined by various authors.
- Authors and Readers: Defining aspects of their demographics, roles, and motivations in this historical context.
- Representation of the "Other": How exploited groups are portrayed in texts and their effects on readers and society. This includes analyzing how these groups are represented differently in various texts.
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Description
Explore the powerful narratives of advocacy written during the 16th and 19th centuries that aimed to inspire empathy for exploited groups like Amerindians and enslaved Africans. Understand how these narratives influenced societal changes and lawmaking, and the role of capital and state intervention in their acceptance. This quiz will test your knowledge on the impact of these historical texts.