10th Class Health: Overweight and Obesity

Questions and Answers

What is the major difference in the prevalence of obesity between non-Hispanic black adults and non-Hispanic white adults?

Non-Hispanic black adults have a higher prevalence of obesity (49.6%) compared to non-Hispanic white adults (42.2%).

Why do public health experts think obesity is more common among certain racial and ethnic groups?

They think social and economic factors, such as lower high school graduation and employment rates, higher levels of food insecurity, and lower access to quality health care, contribute to these differences.

What is the formula to calculate BMI?

BMI = [weight (in pounds) ÷ height (in inches)²] × 703

What is the prevalence of obesity among non-Hispanic Asian adults?

17.4% Signup and view all the answers

What is osteoarthritis, a condition associated with obesity?

A painful chronic condition that affects joints and interferes with a person's ability to move. Signup and view all the answers

Why do people who are obese often suffer from poor self-images?

They think their bodies are unattractive, and the public often views obesity as a condition resulting from lack of willpower. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common mental health issue associated with obesity?

Depression Signup and view all the answers

What is a complication of obesity during pregnancy?

Gestational diabetes and a form of hypertension that can be deadly. Signup and view all the answers

Why do people who are obese often face discrimination?

They are often viewed as lazy, stupid, and sloppy, and are subject to negative attitudes and stereotypes. Signup and view all the answers

What is polycystic ovary disease, a condition associated with obesity?

A condition that can reduce a woman's chances of becoming pregnant. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference in body fat distribution between men and women?

Women tend to store extra subcutaneous fat below the waist, primarily in the buttocks and thighs ('pear shape'), while men tend to store extra visceral fat in the abdominal or central region of their bodies ('apple shape'). Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to the type of obesity characterized by a large amount of visceral fat in the central region of the body?

Central-body obesity Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the combination of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes?

Diabesity Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended method for measuring waist circumference to determine the risk of obesity-related disorders?

Measuring at the top of the hip bones, parallel to the floor, using a non-stretching tape measure. Signup and view all the answers

What is the health problem associated with excess body fat that affects joint health?

Osteoarthritis Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the type of fat that is stored beneath the skin, primarily in the buttocks and thighs?

Subcutaneous fat Signup and view all the answers

What is the health problem associated with excess body fat that affects fertility?

Infertility Signup and view all the answers

What is the health problem associated with excess body fat that affects the digestive system?

Gastroesophageal reflux disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using the Body Mass Index (BMI) in assessing an individual's health?

To determine whether an adult's weight is healthy, adjusting for height. Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of BMIs considered healthy for adults, according to Table 10.1?

18.5 to 24.9 Signup and view all the answers

Why might the BMI underestimate body fat in elderly individuals?

Due to muscle tissue loss as a result of aging, leading to a lower BMI despite having excess body fat. Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of using BMI to assess the health of highly muscular individuals?

Muscle is denser than fat, so a muscular person may have a high BMI despite having a healthy percentage of body fat. Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification for an adult with a BMI of 32?

Obese Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to consider waist circumference in addition to BMI?

To get a more accurate picture of a person's health, as waist circumference can indicate fat distribution and risk of chronic health problems. Signup and view all the answers

What is the average BMI for adult American men and women, respectively, according to 2015-2016 data?

29.1 and 29.6 Signup and view all the answers

Why might a sedentary person with a BMI of 25.0 be less healthy than a muscular person with the same BMI?

The sedentary person is more likely to have excess body fat, whereas the muscular person has a higher percentage of muscle mass. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classifying Overweight and Obesity

BMI (Body Mass Index) is a numerical value that reflects body weight adjusted for height
Healthy BMIs range from 18.5 to 24.9
Overweight adults have BMIs that range from 25.0 to 29.9; obese adults have BMIs that range from 30.0 to 39.9
People whose BMIs are 40 or higher are classified as extremely obese

Excess Body Fat: Effects on Health

People with BMIs greater than 25 have increased risks of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and CVD
Obesity is associated with a higher risk of certain cancers, including cancers of the gallbladder, pancreas, cervix, uterus, breast (postmenopausal women), colon, rectum, and kidney
Obese patients have a high risk of experiencing serious complications during and after surgery
Extremely obese individuals are far more likely to develop serious chronic diseases and die prematurely

Body Fat Distribution: Effects on Health

Women tend to store extra subcutaneous fat below the waist, primarily in the buttocks and thighs ("pear shape"), which adds stress to hip and knee joints but is not associated with increased risk of serious chronic diseases
Men tend to store extra visceral fat in the abdominal or central region of their bodies ("apple shape"), which is associated with higher risks of serious chronic diseases, especially CVD and type 2 diabetes
Measuring waist circumference is an indicator of central-body obesity and can be used to determine risk of obesity-related disorders
Central-body obesity is defined by a waist circumference of greater than 40 inches in men and greater than 35 inches in women

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Description

This quiz covers the calculation of BMI, classification of weight status, health problems associated with obesity, and body shape and waist circumference measurements.