中国历史与文化知识测验
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Questions and Answers

《义勇军进行曲》是哪一年创作的？

  • 1949年
  • 1935年 (correct)
  • 1982年
  • 1966年

    • 全国人口普查数据显示，中国的人口超过14亿。

    True

    中国的官方语言是什么？

    汉语

    中华人民共和国成立于______年10月1日。

    <p>1949</p> Signup and view all the answers

    下列哪个节日是中国的传统节日？

    <p>中秋节</p> Signup and view all the answers

    将以下城市与其特点匹配：

    <p>北京 = 中国的首都 西安 = 著名的历史城市 上海 = 经济中心 桂林 = 以山水著称</p> Signup and view all the answers

    汉族是中国最大的民族，约占总人口的92%。

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    中国的传统节日是根据什么日历排列的？

    <p>农历</p> Signup and view all the answers

    中国的行政单位划分中，以下哪一项是正确的？

    <p>省、城市和乡镇</p> Signup and view all the answers

    黄河颂是黄河交响曲中最著名的歌曲。

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    中国目前有多少个世界遗产？

    <p>59个</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ___ 是中国的母亲河。

    <p>黄河</p> Signup and view all the answers

    儒家思想的创始人是谁？

    <p>孔子</p> Signup and view all the answers

    将以下地点与其相应的描述匹配：

    <p>南京 = 南京大屠杀发生的地点 北京 = 中国的首都 山东省 = 华东地区的一个省份 黄河 = 中国的母亲河</p> Signup and view all the answers

    关于南京大屠杀，以下说法哪一项是错误的？

    <p>日本军队在大屠杀中没有进行掳掠。</p> Signup and view all the answers

    孟子的观点认为人的本性是好的。

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    孔子的名言“三人行，必有我师焉”是什么意思？

    <p>在与他人同行时，至少有一个人可以成为我的老师。</p> Signup and view all the answers

    秦岭山脉和淮河将中国划分为南北两个部分。

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    儒家倡导的教育理念强调_____每个人都平等。

    <p>人人</p> Signup and view all the answers

    谁是南京大屠杀期间创建南京安全区的德国商人？

    <p>约翰·H·丁克尔</p> Signup and view all the answers

    匹配以下思想家与其观点：

    <p>孔子 = 提倡教育平等 孟子 = 人性本善 荀子 = 人性本恶 分析伦理 = 强调仁爱</p> Signup and view all the answers

    《论语》是由谁编写的？

    <p>孔子的弟子</p> Signup and view all the answers

    荀子的观点包括早期的唯物主义。

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    根据荀子的观点，人性是好的还是坏的？

    <p>坏的</p> Signup and view all the answers

    在中国历史的哪个朝代开始了“家族国家”的传统？

    <p>夏朝</p> Signup and view all the answers

    夏朝是中国历史上第一个朝代。

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    商朝的早期文字被称为什么？

    <p>甲骨文</p> Signup and view all the answers

    西周的统治者为了解释他们的统治，提出了“______”的概念。

    <p>天命</p> Signup and view all the answers

    将以下朝代与其对应的时间匹配：

    <p>夏朝 = 公元前2070---公元前1600 商朝 = 公元前1600---公元前1046 西周 = 公元前1046---公元前771 东周 = 公元前770---公元前256</p> Signup and view all the answers

    在东周时期，王权如何变化？

    <p>王权逐渐削弱</p> Signup and view all the answers

    秦朝是第一个真正统一中国的朝代。

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    中国历史上最长的朝代是什么？

    <p>周朝</p> Signup and view all the answers

    汉武帝通过什么方式来巩固他的权力？

    <p>实施儒家政策</p> Signup and view all the answers

    太宗皇帝重视商业并提供贷款给想做生意的平民。

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    科举制度的主要目的是什么？

    <p>根据考试结果选拔官员。</p> Signup and view all the answers

    汉武帝通过_____来削弱贵族的权力。

    <p>迫使贵族回到各自的封地</p> Signup and view all the answers

    将古代中国的社会地位与其对应的职业进行匹配：

    <p>学者 = 政府官员 农民 = 农业生产 工匠 = 手工艺术 商人 = 买卖交易</p> Signup and view all the answers

    哪个皇帝允许下臣的批评以提升自己的治理能力？

    <p>太宗皇帝</p> Signup and view all the answers

    汉武帝和太宗皇帝都对农业采取了相同的政策。

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    太宗皇帝为了保护丝绸之路采取了什么措施？

    <p>命令安西都护府保护丝绸之路的安全。</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Nian这个怪物最害怕什么声音？

    <p>火炮声</p> Signup and view all the answers

    春节的官方名字是元旦。

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    中国农历的十二生肖是如何划分的？

    <p>根据农历的12年循环，每年分配一个动物及其属性。</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ______ 是中国农历中第一个生肖。

    <p>鼠</p> Signup and view all the answers

    下列哪个生肖以勇敢和冒险著称？

    <p>马</p> Signup and view all the answers

    将以下生肖与其性格特点匹配：

    <p>鼠 = 务实和节俭 龙 = 诚实和可信 兔 = 有才华和优雅 狗 = 忠诚和诚实</p> Signup and view all the answers

    灯笼节是在农历新年的第一天庆祝的。

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    根据传说，春节的另一种说法是？

    <p>猴</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    National Anthem

    • The national anthem of the PRC is "March of the Volunteers."
    • It was written in 1935.
    • It was officially adopted on December 4, 1982.

    National Day

    • Chinese celebrate October 1st as National Day.
    • This commemorates the founding of the People's Republic of China (PRC) on October 1, 1949.

    Population

    • China has one of the world's largest populations.
    • In 2020, the population exceeded 1.4 billion according to the 7th national census.

    Nationalities/Ethnic Groups

    • China is a multi-ethnic country.
    • There are 56 ethnic groups in China.
    • The Han are the largest ethnic group, comprising approximately 92% of the population.

    Language

    • The official language of China is Chinese.
    • Chinese is also one of the six official languages of the United Nations.
    • Other languages include Arabic, English, French, Russian and Spanish.
    • Chinese characters are the oldest continuously used writing system globally.

    Beijing Opera

    • A new trend in Beijing opera is combining music.

    Our City—Xi'an

    • Xi'an is a famous historical city located in the heart of China.

    Statutory Holidays

    • There are 7 national public holidays in China.
    • Several examples include New Year, Spring Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival.

    Traditional Chinese Festivals

    • Spring Festival (Chinese New Year) is a major traditional festival.
    • Lantern Festival traditionally falls on the 15th day of the first lunar month.
    • Qing Ming Festival, also known as Tomb Sweeping Day, is another major festival.
    • Dragon Boat Festival is another important traditional festival.
    • The Mid-Autumn Festival is celebrated yearly.
    • The Double Seven Festival is frequently a celebration.

    Traditional Chinese Festivals (Calendar)

    • Chinese traditional festivals follow a lunar calendar.
    • This means festivals may fall on different days in various years.

    The Story of Nian

    • Spring Festival is the official name; it is also known as Guo Nian (keeping the monster Nian away).
    • Nian is a monstrous creature from ancient times similar to a bull with a lion's head.
    • Nian was driven away with the sound of firecrackers.

    Chinese Zodiac

    • A 12-year cycle system based on the lunar calendar.
    • Each year is associated with an animal.

    Rat

    • Perfectionist
    • Thrifty with money
    • Attractive to the opposite sex

    Ox

    • Patient and reserved
    • Stubborn and fractious
    • Inspires confidence in others.

    Tiger

    • Sensitive and compassionate
    • Short-tempered
    • Commands respect easily

    Rabbit

    • Articulate and talented
    • Virtuous and reserved
    • Financially fortunate

    Dragon

    • Healthy and energetic
    • Honest and trustworthy
    • Sometimes eccentric

    Snake

    • Rarely concerned about money
    • Deep and determined
    • Occasionally vain and selfish

    Horse

    • Popular and cheerful
    • Perceptive and talkative
    • Impatient and passionate about new things

    Goat

    • Elegant and artistic
    • Shy and pessimistic
    • Usually deeply religious

    Monkey

    • Clever, skillful, and adaptable
    • Remarkably inventive and original
    • Can be overly agreeable

    Rooster

    • Dedicated to career
    • Can be challenging in relationships
    • Adventurous

    Dog

    • Loyal and honest
    • Unconcerned with wealth, yet typically prosperous
    • Good leaders

    Pig

    • Chivalrous and gallant
    • Particular about friends
    • Thirsty for knowledge

    Lantern Festival

    • Celebrated on the 15th day of the first lunar month.
    • It marks the end of the traditional Spring Festival.
    • One custom of the festival is eating Yuan Xiao.

    Double Seventh Festival

    • Celebrated on the 7th day of the 7th lunar month.
    • It is a traditional festival full of romance and is sometimes referred to as Valentine's Day.

    Time Zones

    • China utilizes Eastern Standard Time (EST) from Beijing, despite having five time zones.

    Land Boundary Line

    • The combined land border of China is the longest in the world.
    • It stretches 22,117 km from the Yalu River (Amnok River) to the Gulf of Tonkin.
    • China has land borders with 14 countries.

    Coastline

    • China's coastline has approximately 5,400 islands.
    • Taiwan is the largest island.
    • Hainan is the second largest island.
    • The South China Sea Islands are a collective group of islands, reefs, shoals.

    Yuan Long-ping and Hybrid Rice

    • Date range of work: 2013-2021

    The Yangtze River

    • The longest river in China.
    • The 3rd longest river globally (6,300m).
    • Originates from the Tanggula Mountains in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
    • Flows through 11 provinces (Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, and Shanghai).

    The Yellow River

    • Originates from Qinghai Province.
    • Passes through 9 provinces and autonomous regions.
    • Flows into the Bohai Sea.
    • Over 5400m long.
    • The second longest river globally.

    Mother River of China

    • The Yellow River is considered the "Mother River" of the Chinese people.
    • It is considered the cradle of the Chinese people and a place of origin of numerous legends.
    • It is also integral to civilization.
    • The legend of Nv Wa creating humans from mud within the Yellow River.

    Mother River of China (Cantata)

    • The Yellow River Cantata was written in 1939 to inspire Chinese people.
    • It encouraged resistance against Japanese invaders and keeping hope.
    • The most celebrated cantata is "Protect the Yellow River."

    Administrative Divisions

    • China is divided into provinces, cities, and townships. There are 23 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities, and 2 special administrative regions.
    • A three-tiered administrative system is used.

    The division of the north and south parts of China

    • The Qinling Mountains and Huai River divide the north and south.

    Hua Bei (North) Zone

    • Beijing Central Axis was inscribed in the 2024 UNESCO World Heritage List.
    • China currently has 59 World Heritage sites, including 40 cultural sites, 15 natural sites, and 4 mixed sites.

    Hua Dong (East) Zone

    • Shandong Province is located in the Hua Dong (East) Zone.

    Confucian Temple

    • This is a temple, and a prominent structure pertaining to the Confucius beliefs.

    The Nanjing Massacre

    • Occurred between December 13, 1937, and lasted for six weeks.
    • Japanese soldiers murdered over 300,000 Chinese soldiers and civilians.
    • Widespread violence.

    The Good German of Nanking

    • John Rabe, a German businessman.
    • He operated in Nanjing for the Siemens China Corporation during the Nanjing Massacre.
    • His Nanjing Safety Zone sheltered approximately 200,000 Chinese from violence during the massacre.
    • After returning to Germany, he showcased photographs and films of the Japanese atrocities in lectures in Berlin, Germany.
    • Rabe received considerable donations from the people in Nanjing after his death due to his kindness during the wartime. A monument was built for him in 2013 in Berlin, Germany.

    The island—Hua Nan (The South Zone)

    • This refers to Hainan Province.
    • It is often described as "sunshine and beach."
    • Hainan Province has coconut trees and has a tax-free environment.
    • Hainan is a significant international education site.

    Northwest China

    • Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
    • Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
    • Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

    Central-South China

    • Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

    Southwest China

    • Xi Zang (Tibet Autonomous Region)

    Municipality

    • Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing are municipalities in China.

    Ideology

    • A collection of beliefs; especially for a given group that guides thought and behavior.

    Confucianism

    • Buddhism and Taoism are also mentioned along with Confucianism

    Buddhism

    • Buddhism was introduced into China in the 1st century by Han people from India.
    • Buddhism is one of the most large religions in China.

    Chinese Buddhism

    • In 64 AD, the emperor of the Eastern Han dynasty sent envoys to gather Buddhist doctrines from the western regions.
    • From the envoy's return they brought back Buddhist texts and statues from India to Louyang.
    • A White House Temple was built in this area for the Buddhist monks.

    Taoism

    • Lao-tzu is considered a significant figure in the early development of Taoism.
    • The "Tao Te Ching" was written (attributed to) Lao-tzu but it may not have originated with him; distinctions between Taoism and Lao-tzu's philosophy are significant.
    • Lao-tzu's concepts are centered around not interfering with natural processes, not resisting life, doing nothing, and not exerting force upon fate.

    By two means

    • Written records (historical records, diaries)
    • Artifacts (pottery, tools, human remains/relics)

    Yuanmou Man

    • Lived in Yunnan Province, China (~1.7 million years ago)
    • Considered the earliest Homo genus in China.
    • Fossils discovered by geologist Fang Qian in 1965.

    Lantian Man

    • Lived in Lantian County, Shaanxi Province, China (~1.63 million years ago).
    • A hominin skull is one of the most significant finds in China.

    Peking Man

    • Also known as Beijing Man.
    • Lived in Zhoukoudian near Beijing (~750,000 years ago)
    • Considered an ancestor of the Chinese people. Excavations started in 1921; ended in 1937 due to Japanese invasion.
    • Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987.

    Early Chinese Myths

    • Pangu created the world and heaven from primordial chaos.
    • Nuwa created the first humans from mud.
    • Historical myths related to Huang Di and Yan Di.

    Xia Dynasty

    • First dynasty in China (2070-1600 BC).
    • It was a series of rulers from the same family.
    • The method of succession was by the abdication of one ruler and the selection of a suitable successor based on factors such as governance, popularity, morality and ability.
    • King Qi shifted from a system of selection to an inheritable system.

    Shang Dynasty

    • (1600-1046 BC)
    • Largely overlapped with modern-day Henan Province.
    • "Ruins of Yin" near Anyang yielded the first known body of Chinese writing (oracle bone script).

    Zhou Dynasty

    • The longest dynasty in Chinese history (790 years).
    • Its social system was decentralized.
    • Conquered territories were divided and given to members of the royal family or loyal followers as hereditary estates.
    • Western Zhou (1046-771 BC): Xi'an acted as the capital.
    • The Mandate of Heaven concept justified Zhou rule over the Shang.
    • Eastern Zhou (770-256 BC): The capital was moved eastward to Luoyang.
    • Royal authority weakened, and various vassal states gained significant independence, becoming more powerful.

    Qin Dynasty

    • (221-207 BC)
    • First dynasty to unify China under a highly centralized system.
    • Qin Shi Huang (259-210 BC) was the monarch.
    • Standardized currency, weights, measures, and cart axle lengths.
    • Unified the writing system.
    • Constructed the Great Wall of China.
    • Ordered the creation of the Terracotta Army.
    • Burned books and buried scholars.

    Emperor Wu of Han

    • (157-87 BC)
    • Officially endorsed Confucianism as the national philosophy to strengthen his rule.
    • Weakened the nobles by forcing their return to vassal states.
    • Encouraged reporting of noble corruption.

    Sui Dynasty

    • (581-618)
    • Ke Ju (Imperial Examination System) was established; a civil service selection structure for government positions based on written examinations.
    • Increased social mobility.

    Emperor Taizong of Tang

    • (598-649)
    • Reduced taxes to reduce the burden on the people.
    • Granted loans to business people.
    • Protected the Silk Road.
    • Selected skilled officials regardless of prior positions.
    • Allowed criticism to address weaknesses.
    • Overcome rivals, thus making territorial borders secure.

    Wu Zetian

    • (624-705)
    • The only female emperor in Chinese history.
    • Founded and ruled the Zhou dynasty.
    • Briefly interrupted the Tang Dynasty.

    Song Dynasty

    • (960-1279)
    • A thriving economy.
    • Issued the first nationally used paper money (banknotes).
    • Significant progress in science and technology, including the invention of the compass, printing, gunpowder, and papermaking.

    Important Note:

    • This is a summary based on the provided images and text. Additional details might be present in the original sources.

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    本测验旨在评估您对中国历史和文化的了解，包括著名节日、历史事件、民族特点等问题。通过这份测验，您可以检验自己对中华文明的掌握程度和历史知识的深度。

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