ଭାରତର ଭୂଗୋଳ

Study Notes

Located in South Asia
Lies between 8°4' and 37°6' N latitude
Extends from 68°7' to 97°25' E longitude
Shares borders with Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar

Mountains:
- Himalayas: world's highest mountain range, runs along northern border
- Karakoram range: located in Jammu and Kashmir
- Eastern Ghats: discontinuous range along eastern coast
- Western Ghats: continuous range along western coast
Plains:
- Indo-Gangetic Plain: fertile plain between Himalayas and Vindhya range
- Deccan Plateau: triangular plateau in central India
Islands:
- Andaman and Nicobar Islands: union territory in Bay of Bengal
- Lakshadweep Islands: union territory in Arabian Sea

Major Rivers:
- Ganges: longest river in India, flows from Himalayas to Bay of Bengal
- Indus: flows from Himalayas to Arabian Sea
- Brahmaputra: flows from Himalayas to Bay of Bengal
- Godavari: flows from western Ghats to Bay of Bengal
- Krishna: flows from western Ghats to Bay of Bengal
Tributaries:
- Yamuna: tributary of Ganges
- Kosi: tributary of Ganges
- Gandaki: tributary of Ganges

Types:
- Tropical: near equator, hot and humid
- Subtropical: northern India, hot summers and cold winters
- Temperate: Himalayan region, cold winters and mild summers
Seasons:
- Summer: March to May
- Monsoon: June to September
- Winter: December to February

Minerals:
- Iron ore
- Coal
- Manganese
- Mica
Forest Cover:
- About 20% of India's land area is forested
- Types: tropical, subtropical, and temperate forests

ଦକ୍ଷିଣ ଏସିଆରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ
୮°୪' ଏବଂ ୩୭°୬' ଉତ୍ତର ଅକ୍ଷାଂଶରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ
୬୮°୭' ଏବଂ ୯୭°୨୫' ପୂର୍ବ ଦ୍ରାଘିମାରେ ବିସ୍ତୃତ
ପାକିସ୍ତାନ, ଆଫଗାନିସ୍ତାନ, ଚୀନ, ନେପାଲ, ଭୁଟାନ, ବାଂଲାଦେଶ, ଏବଂ ମିଆନ୍ମାର ସହିତ ସୀମା ଭାଗରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ

ପର୍ବତମାଳା:
- ହିମାଳୟ: ଦୁନିଆର ସର୍ବୋଚ୍ଚ ପର୍ବତମାଳା, ଉତ୍ତର ସୀମାରେ
- କାରାକୋରମ ପର୍ବତମାଳା: ଜମ୍ମୁ ଏବଂ କାଶ୍ମୀରରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ
- ପୂର୍ବ ଘାଟ: ପୂର୍ବ ଉପକୂଳରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ
- ପଶ୍ଚିମ ଘାଟ: ପଶ୍ଚିମ ଉପକୂଳରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ
ମାଳଭୂମି:
- ଇନ୍ଦୋ-ଗଙ୍ଗା ମାଳଭୂମି: ହିମାଳୟ ଏବଂ ଭିନ୍ଧ୍ୟା ପର୍ବତମାଳା ମଧ୍ୟରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ
- ଦକ୍ଷିଣ ମାଳଭୂମି: କେନ୍ଦ୍ରୀୟ ଭାରତରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ
ଦ୍ୱୀପ:
- ଆନ୍ଦାମାନ ଏବଂ ନିକୋବର ଦ୍ୱୀପ: ବଙ୍ଗାଳ ଉପସାଗରରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ
- ଲକ୍ଷଦ୍ୱୀପ: ଆରବିୟା ସାଗରରେ ଅବସ୍ଥିତ

ପ୍ରମୁଖ ନଦୀ:
- ଗଙ୍ଗା: ଭାରତର ସର୍ବାଧିକ ଲମ୍ବା ନଦୀ, ହିମାଳୟରୁ ବଙ୍ଗାଳ ଉପସାଗରରେ
- ଇନ୍ଦୁସ୍: ହିମାଳୟରୁ ଆରବିୟା ସାଗରରେ
- ବ୍ରହ୍ମପୁତ୍ର: ହିମାଳୟରୁ ବଙ୍ଗାଳ ଉପସାଗରରେ
- ଗୋଦାବରୀ: ପଶ୍ଚିମ ଘାଟରୁ ବଙ୍ଗାଳ ଉପସାଗରର

Description