บทนำสู่ธุรกิจสังคม

Introduction to Social Enterprise

• Social enterprise is a business model that aims to generate social and environmental good alongside profit.
• It's a business approach, using market mechanisms to address social problems, rather than focusing solely on profits.
• The core concept is creating businesses with a mix of profit and social impact.

Types of Social Enterprise

• Embedded Social Enterprise: Focuses on local communities, blending business and social needs.
• Integrated Social Enterprises: A more developed approach, with integration of social goals into the fundamental business structure.

The Grameen Bank

• Founded by Muhammad Yunus.
• A model for microfinance, providing small loans to impoverished individuals, predominantly women, to fund entrepreneurship ventures.
• Focuses on financially empowering the impoverished and fostering sustainable livelihoods.

Key Players/Organizations Related to Social Enterprises

• Aravin Eye Care System: An exemplary integrated social enterprise, offering eye care services at an affordable cost in India.
• eBannok: A fair trade initiative that empowers hill tribe communities in Thailand to sell their goods.

Social Enterprise (SE) vs. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

• SE: Aims to combine profits and social benefit in a sustainable way, using market-based solutions for social problems.
• CSR: Corporations that engage in philanthropic initiatives, but social concerns aren't directly integrated into the company's core business model.

Classifications of Social Enterprises

• Nonprofit with income-generating activities: Maintains its non-profit status but seeks to augment its impact through profit generation.
• Hybrid companies: They combine both non-profit and profit-seeking traits: offering social goods and services and operating as a business.

Challenges Facing Thai Social Enterprises

• Talent (HR) shortages: Lack of skilled professionals in social enterprise sector.
• Funding difficulties: Seeking government grants or other funding sources.
• Cultural differences: Adapting to different workplace cultures and social norms.
• Mission drift/Mission-driven enterprise issues: Maintaining social mission focus while balancing the growth of the business.

The Ecosystem of Social Enterprises

• Network Provider: Connects social enterprises to potential investors or funds
• Fund Provider: Offering financial resources for social enterprises to develop operations.
• Capacity Builder: Supporting organizations that equip social enterprises with skills and knowledge.
• Policy Maker: Government bodies or regulators developing favorable policies for social enterprises.
• Competition and Organizer: Supporting organizations that promote healthy competition through seminars, workshops, and knowledge sharing.
• Academic and Research Institutions: Generating knowledge or research to support the growth of social enterprises.
• Professional Support (Lawyers, Financiers, Government Agencies): Providing expertise.

Social Enterprise-Public Sector Engagement (Key Components)

• Regulations and direction: Providing clarity on the permissible activities for social enterprises.
• Public funds: Offering financial backing and support for social enterprises.
• Competition and best practices: Promoting competition among social enterprises to improve performance.
• Supporting Enabling Organizations: Providing assistance to social enterprises.
• Interaction within business sector: Collaborating and exchanging best practices with the business sector.
• Public goods: Focus on creating products or services that benefit the public.
• People: Considering the well-being of the community.

Models/Methodologies

• Opportunitries for Social Enterprises: Finding ways to bring solutions together.
• Business sector and public goods: Collaborating between for mutual benefit.
• Deal: Reaching agreements for projects or services.
• Analysis: Understanding different perspectives (Political, Economic, Social, Technological).

Key Characteristics for Social Enterprises

• Entrepreneurial mindset: Thinking out-of-the-box, taking risks, and adapting to market changes.
• Innovative approaches: Developing new solutions for pressing social and environmental needs.

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