Biomedical Interfaces - Introduction - PDF

Biomedical Interfaces (course number 376-1611-00 V/U) Introduction: Engineering Interfaces between Biological Systems and Materials on the Nanoscale Viola Vogel, Johanna Mehl, Mario Benn & Sebastian Lickert...

Biomedical Interfaces (course number 376-1611-00 V/U) Introduction: Engineering Interfaces between Biological Systems and Materials on the Nanoscale Viola Vogel, Johanna Mehl, Mario Benn & Sebastian Lickert Teaching Assistants: laria Merli Carolin Himmel Jan Ettlin Valentin Hugi Jennifer Iulia An Razoare Michela Sascha Keller Frei Roman Leon DaMattoscio Maddalena Silvia LucBerger Jordi Lea Riem 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 1 Outline § get to know the lecturers and TAs Lecture: What is this lecture series about? § Why is it necessary to think about interfaces and engineer them on the molecular level? § Organization of lectures and seminars § Exam, learning aids Seminar: reading, discussing, enhancing your knowledge § no separate seminar today 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 2 Interfaces: why do we care? Water/Air Interface http://www.acmm.nl/molsim/research/air_water_an a/SurfaceWater_withHB_smaller.gif 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 3 Interfaces: why do we care? Bio-chip: Schematic of DNA molecules attached to a gold surface. Differences in overall structure and orientation are emphasized by color-coding of DNA structural elements: phosphate backbone (red), nitrogen (blue), oxygen (green), and sulfur linker (cyan). Upright orientation is required for efficient hybridization with a complementary strand from solution. Image by J. M. Sullivan. 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 4 Biomedical Interfaces in the press Fünfjähriger Junge erhält Implantat aus dem 3D Drucker- eine Europa Premiere. Jan 2020 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 5  Switzerland 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 6 Nanoparticles: Why do we care about them? Nanoparticles in food Airborne nanoparticles Cellular uptake and fate of nanoparticles? Are nanoparticles toxic? If so, which ones and why? 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 7 What do we mean by ’(bio)interfaces’? General definition of an interface: an interface is the boundary between ≥ 2 regions of different materials or phases § it divides but also connects these regions 5 points to remember about (bio)medical surfaces: § Surfaces have unique reactivity and direct the biological responses § The surface is inevitably different from the bulk of a material as a surface molecule has fewer nearest neighbors § The mass (number of molecules) that defines the interface is very small § Surfaces readily and rapidly contaminate, unless protected § Surface molecules can exhibit considerable mobility Ratner et. al, Biomaterial Science, 3rd edition Academic Press, 2013 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 8 Biointerfaces Sun et al, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2011 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 9 What are current and future challenges? Synthetic Biological Interfacing Materials Systems molecules, bacteria, cells, organ tissues Success or failure of a biomedical device is essentially determined by its interactions with the biological environment Within this course, we will introduce and discuss molecular concepts how to engineer the interfaces between synthetic materials and biological systems to ultimately control the interactions with parameters we can adjust 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 10 Engineering a material for medical applications: what needs to be considered? M. Griffith et al, The Quest for Anti-inflammatory and Anti-infective Biomaterials in Clinical Translation Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology (2016) 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 11 Foreign body response at biomaterial interfaces adapted from Grainger; Nat Biotechnol, 2013, (31(6)), 507-509 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 12 Biomedical Interfaces: open challenges § 100% of biomaterials actively clot blood sooner or later § 100% of small diameter vascular grafts fail after 21 days in vivo § tissue engineered devices infect at the same rates as biomaterials § ~100% of implanted biosensors fail in vivo beyond 20 days § rate of FDA approval for degradable biomaterials: 1 per decade § … Biomedical devices - functional summary: all vascular grafts clot, all electrodes encapsulate, all valves calcify, all contact lenses irritate, all breast implants fibrose, many metallic implants corrode, … slide courtesy of David Grainger, Univ. Utah 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 13 What are current and future challenges? Synthetic Biological Material System molecules, bacteria, cells & organ tissues Learn to think and engineer at the molecular scale § What do you need to know about your biological system? § What biological functions do you try to control? § How can you engineer a surface to enable a well defined function? § What do you need to learn/know? § How can you test the performance of your surface? 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 14 What tools will help us to better control what is happening at these interfaces? 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 15 Molecular Engineering drives Innovations in Medicine Examples Tissue Engineering Steering Angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) Drug Delivery 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 16 Molecular Engineering drives Innovations in Medicine Examples Tissue Engineering Regulating Angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) Drug Delivery Chemical Engineer Robert Langer, MIT talking in 2012 about the early days of Tissue Engineering and what will come next 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 17 Surface Engineering for Biomedical Applications contact lenses molecular biosensors scaffolds for tissue engineering Molecular & cellular biochips study of cell bacterial material interactions dialysis tubings infections To be discussed in the lectures drug delivery 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 18 Course Outline 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 19 Teaching objectives § Understand key challenges associated with the design of materials for medical applications § Understand the biological functions that you would like to control § Gain insights into the molecular tool box that you have available § Understand how you can fabricate specific and robust materials and their surface coatings to meet specific needs § Fabricate self-assembled structures § Engineer micro/nanostructures § Control interactions between materials and cells § Methods to charcterize them to understand whether you have been successful § Learn where and why things can go wrong!!! 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 20 Teaching objectives This lecture is about concepts rather than about recipes "What I cannot create, I do not understand“ Richard Feynman, Nobel laureate in (theoretical!) physics Molecules have more than a «name», each has it’s own character 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 21 LEARN HOW TO Use (bio)materials in the context of biomedical applications to ultimately sustain and improve the quality of life Implants & Biomimetic Diagnostic Drug Delivery Engineered in vitro devices & and Release Tissues models sensors 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 22 Biological World Meets Synthetic Materials: Foundations of Biomaterials Research Materials Medicine Understand what challenge you try to solve Physics Molecular Design of Materials Biology Chemistry 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 23 Biological World Meets Synthetic Materials: Link to your other courses Biomedical Engineering Biokompatible Materialien Principles in Tissue Engineering Materials Anatomie und Physiologie Medicine Understand what challenge you try to solve Grundlagen Biologie IA/B Physics Grundlagen Biologie IIA Molecular Design of Materials Zellstrukturen/-membran, Zytoskelett, Biology Signaltransduktion, Zell-Interaktionen, extrazelluläre Matrix Chemistry Biomoleküle: DNA, Proteine, Zucker, Lipide, Enzyme 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 24 Organize your knowledge – concept maps § concept mapping helps to find solutions to well defined problems § concept mapping visually illustrates the relationships between concepts and ideas § represented in circles or boxes, concepts are linked by words and phrases that explain the connection between the ideas § most concept maps represent a hierarchical structure, with the overall, broad concept first with connected sub-topics, more specific concepts, following § start with main topic, then determine the key concepts, finish by connecting concepts creating linking phrases and words 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 25 Example Challenges Implants & How can you design a surface that Engineered prevents bacteria from growing on it? Tissues Biomimetic How can you test the effect of a drug on in vitro the permeability of a blood vessel without models using a natural blood vessel? Drug Delivery How can you build a nanocarrier that and Release delivers a drug into cancer cells? Diagnostic devices & How can you design a surface that sensors specifically binds a cancer biomarker? 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 26 Organize your knowledge – concept maps https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eYtoZRmWLBc 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 27  MedTech in Switzerland https://www.medinside.ch/de /post/die-top-10-medtech- firmen-der-schweiz 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 28  MedTech in Switzerland 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 29  Textbooks and a lot of primary literature Elsevier; 2 edition (August 11, 2017) 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 30  Biomedical Interfaces- Übungen (course number 376-1611-00 V/U) Introduction: Engineering Interfaces between Biological Systems and Materials on the Nanoscale Johanna Mehl Teaching Assistants: laria Merli Jan Ettlin Carolin Himmel Valentin Hugi Jennifer An Iulia Razoare Michela SaschaKeller Frei LeonRoman Da Maddalena Luc Jordi Mattoscio Lea Riem Silvia Berger 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 31 combination of lecture and seminar ‘guided tour’ ‘hands on’ § the lecture is a ‘guided tour’ that… § highlights important concepts § explains how things build on each other § shows prominent application examples Image source: http://www.amsterdam-2-go.com 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 32 the concept § Lectures in presence and recordings § Seminars § Summary presentations help you to understand the take-home messages of the lectures § Online exercises help you to prepare for the online examination § Written exercises help you to broaden your understanding § Paper presentations help you to transfer the lecture contents on to a real scientific paper 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 33 lecture-related resources § Handouts: § PDFs of lecture slides § uploaded each Monday 9.30 am § Recordings § Made accessible latest one day after the lecture § suggested reading: § wrap-up of the lecture content § putting lectures into context of ongoing research in the field § specialized reading: § more comprehensive literature or outstanding original articles § meant to encourage interested students to obtain detailed insights or explore this direction as a possible later specialization during their master. 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 34  Lernziele: lecture-related resources: online Sie wissen um die grundlegenden Kriterien, die eine anti- adhäsive Oberfläche erfüllen muss. Sie können geeignete Strategien wählen, um ausgehend von unterschiedlichen chemischen Eigenschaften der Oberflächen § Moodle diese anti-adhäsiv zu machen. Sie kennen experimentelle Methoden zur Messung der Adsorption von Molekülen an Oberflächen und können erklären, wie diese funktionieren. ______________________________________ Suggested Reading: - "Non-fouling surfaces", in BD Ratner et al., "Biomaterials Science", chapter I.2.10 Specialized Reading: - "A Survey of Structure-Property Relationships of Surfaces that Resist the Adsorption of Protein", E. Ostuni et al., Langmuir 17: 5605-5620 (2001) lecture- - "Polyoxazolines for Nonfouling Surface Coatings — A Direct related Comparison to the Gold Standard PEG", R. Konradi et al., Macromol. Rapid Commun. 33: 1663−1676 (2012) resources ______________________________________ Lecture Recording and Handout: VO_R_05_Anti-adhesive surfaces V_05_SPR_Principle VO_05_Anti-adhesiveSurfaces Seminar handout: made available prior to the lecture UE_05_Seminar_slides 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 35 textbooks § „Biomaterials Science“ § by Buddy Ratner et al. § accessible online through ETH VPN § Access through Moodle: § Allgemeine Informationen > Empfohlene Lehrbücher 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 36 purpose of the seminars § the seminars intent to help you to… § actively re-capitulate the lecture topics § deepen your understanding of the topic § work with scientific literature § prepare for the Sessionsprüfung Image source: http://familysponge.com, bensix.worldpress.com 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Introduction -- Viola Vogel 37 seminar groups Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 Group 5 Group 6 Group 7 HCI D 8 HCI G 7 HCI H 8.1 HCI J 4 HCI J 8 HIL E 5 HIL F 10.3 Carolin Valentin Iulia Sascha Leon Da Luc Lea Himmel Hugi Razoare Frei Maddalena Jordi Riem § Assignment: Moodle § Allgemeine Informationen > Einschreibung in Übungsgruppen only open this week! § 32 students max per group 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Organization -- Mario Benn 38 general structure of the seminars § part 1 - presentation of teaching assistants summarizing the lecture § part 2 - student presentation about a research article § working with scientific literature § informative & critical § Research articles uploaded on moodle § part 3 - solutions and discussion of exercises online and pdf § Moodle § Topic >> Paper § >> Excercise questions § >> Online excercise questions 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Organization -- Mario Benn 39 seminar part 1: student presentation § presentations § teams of 4 students § 1 selected article from the context of the lecture § seminar time: 15 min presentation, 5 min discussion § dates: week 4 to week 12 § evaluation by tutor § If the presentation is judged as satisfactory, you get a bonus for the Sessionsprüfung (+0.25 grade). § important date: seminar on February 26th § formation of presentation teams § choice of dates / paper topics § your tutor will tell you more about the evaluation criteria in the seminar on February 26th 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Organization -- Mario Benn 40 seminar part 2 & 3: excercises § weekly § work on questions at home, discuss solution in class (following week) § purpose: § apply your knowledge § self-control of learning progress § prepare for questions in the Sessionsprüfung § Exercises consist of two types: § written (pdf-Files) broader questions to deepen the understanding § Online (on Moodle) questions to practice your knowledge § Uploaded Thursday before the seminar 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Organization -- Mario Benn 41 question & answer forum § Moodle § Allgemeine Informationen § We will engage in the discussion at least once per week and address open questions in the following lecture/seminar 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Organization -- Mario Benn 42 Take action! § Moodle § Seminar Einschreibung 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Organization -- Mario Benn 43 Sessionsprüfung § 90 min § Online examination § Different types of questions you learn in the seminar § w/o auxiliary means § for any course-related questions, please contact us: § for general questions: use Moodle forum for Q&A § other issues: Mario Benn Tel.: ‭+41 44 633 69 75 (intern 3 69 75) [email protected] 19 Feburary 2024 Biomedical Interfaces -- Organization -- Mario Benn 44