University of Benin Pharmacy Past Paper PDF 2020-2022

# UNIVERSITY OF BENIN ## FACULTY OF PHARMACY ### DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY #### 2020/2021 SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION #### PCG322: (2 Credits) **DATE:** TUESDAY, 20TH DECEMBER 2022. **TIME:** 2.00PM – 5.00PM. **ANSWER QUESTION 1 IN SECTION A; ANY TWO (2) QUESTIONS IN SECTION B AND ANY TWO (2) QU...

# UNIVERSITY OF BENIN ## FACULTY OF PHARMACY ### DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY #### 2020/2021 SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION #### PCG322: (2 Credits) **DATE:** TUESDAY, 20TH DECEMBER 2022. **TIME:** 2.00PM – 5.00PM. **ANSWER QUESTION 1 IN SECTION A; ANY TWO (2) QUESTIONS IN SECTION B AND ANY TWO (2) QUESTIONS IN SECTION C.** ## SECTION A 1. In tabular form, state the differences between the two (2) *Rauwolfia* species that are commonly available. 2. What are the problems that often influence the quality of herbal drugs but are not associated with synthetic drugs? ## SECTION B 2. Write notes on the macroscopical and microscopical characters of Ginger and Colchicum. (full question) 3. In tabular form; provide the botanical sources, any two (2) constituents each and any two (2) medicinal uses of the following leafy drugs. (full question) - a. *Periwinkle* - b. *Foxglove* - c. *Neem* - d. *Senna* 4. In tabular form, provide information on the botanical sources, constituents and uses of any seed, fruit, flower and bark drugs. (full question) ## SECTION C 1. What do you understand by the term “standardization of herbal medicines"? 2. Give 3 examples of hallucinogenic plants stating their (i) Botanical source (ii) Chemical constituents (iii) Medicinal uses 3. Describe the term “allergens” listing the various types 4. Write a comprehensive essay on the factors affecting the quality control of herbal -drugs. 5. Describe the term “molluscicidal agents" with examples? 6. Describe in detail the classification of insecticides based on their mode of action. # UNIVERSITY OF BENIN ## FACULTY OF PHARMACY ### DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY #### 2021-2022 SECOND SEMESTER EXAMINATION #### PCG322: MEDICINAL PLANTS/ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2 **DATE:** THURSDAY 7TH SEPTEMBER 2023. **TIME:** 8 AM-11 AM. **Answer Question 1, and at Least ONE Question from sections A, B and C. In all answer 5 Questions.** 1. In tabular form, provide any six (6) differences between *Rauwolfia* and *Africa Rauwolfia* (SECTION A). 2. What are the factors that can influence reproducibility of herbal ingredients thereby causing batch to batch variation? (SECTION B). 3. What are the implications/importance of the assessment of Moisture Content in powdered crude drugs? (SECTION C). ## SECTION A 2. Write notes on the botanical sources, constituents, and uses of any four (4) modified underground stem drugs. 3. In tabular form, provide the botanical sources, common names, constituents, and medicinal uses of any four (4) leafy drugs. ## SECTION B 4. Define the term "standardisation of herbal drugs". 5. Explain in detail the processes and procedures associated with the standardisation of herbal drugs. 6. Give 2 examples each of hallucinogenic plants and contact allergens stating (A) their Botanical Source (B) Chemical constituents (C) Medicinal uses ## SECTION C 6. You have been called upon to give your input to help decide whether Herbal Medicines should be included as part of Nigeria's National Formulary. What will this input be? 7. A powdered crude drug labelled X was presented at the Pharmacognosy Lab. How would you assess the standard of drug X.