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The Effectiveness Of Using Word Cards As A Media On Learning Vocabulary For The Tenth Graders Of Ma Nw Sikur Ahmad Zuhri Rosyidi, Atika Salman Paris English Lecture of Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global. NTB, Indonesia Rosyidiahmad08@g...

The Effectiveness Of Using Word Cards As A Media On Learning Vocabulary For The Tenth Graders Of Ma Nw Sikur Ahmad Zuhri Rosyidi, Atika Salman Paris English Lecture of Institut Pendidikan Nusantara Global. NTB, Indonesia [email protected], [email protected] Abstract Word cards are exactly the right media for students to enrich students vocabulary mastery. To prove this argumentation this study was focused on using word cards on students’ achievement in learning vocabulary ithe n classroom. This study used an experimental design and to collect the data, the present researcher used multiple choiinstrumentsment (vocabutests test) to get studscores score in learning vocabulary. In analyzing data, the present researchea r used t-test to find out the effectiveness of the word card in teaching vocabulary. The result of analysis data that the t-test was 0.74 and t-table was 0.44 with level of significance 𝛼 =.05 (95%) from the total of sample was twenty students. It means t-test was higher than t-table (0.74 > 0.44). Thus, mean alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted, and the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected. This founding means that there was a significantly effective of using word cards on students’ achievement in learning vocabulary for the tenth grade of MA NW Sikur in the school year 2021-2022. Keyword : word cards, media, vocabulary Introduction Language is a communication tool that used by everyone to convey message, information and arguments to others (Fachrurrozy, 2011; Rabiah, 2012, Rosyidi.et al, 2022). In this world there are many kinds of languages that used by people in communication, such as: Indonesia language, Arabic, Mandarin, English, and many other languages. One of the important languages is English language. In Indonesia, English is categorized as a foreign language that has an important role in communication. It is used to communicate with people from another country and also used as an instrument in utilizing modern science and technology. People who want to be acquainted with technological and scientific advance have to master this language. Indonesia has commitment to teach English language at all levels of education. Many reasons that Indonesia needs to develop effective programs for the teaching of English language such as the status of English in the modern language and its significance for the trade and commerce, economic development, intergovernmental communication, and tourism (Fachrurrozy, 2011). In the educational system, English is needed to support knowledge. Many sources of learning materials both from books and internet media are use English. By mastering English, you can increase your knowledge from these various sources. In learning English, there are four skills that should be mastered by students such as listening, reading, speaking, and writing (Sadiku 2015; Rosyidi& Darmanto, 2020). The main purpose of teaching English is to develop students’ to increase students’ competence in English language skills. Generally, those language skills are divided into two categories skill; receptive skill (listening and reading) and productive skill (speaking and writing). In teaching 54 | P a g e English, the first thing should be done by the student is mastering vocabulary. By mastering a lot of vocabulary, students are able to communicate each other, and it is easier for them to do exercises. In learning English, vocabulary plays an important position in the system of acquire the language (Syarifudin, Marbun, & Novita, 2014). Vocabulary is one of the elements that link all the English language skills. The students often complain about how hard it is to express something in speaking, or to understand the idea of a paragraph in the text when reading. Probably the majority cause is the students are still lack in vocabulary. It make sense, since vocabulary and lexical units are at the heart learning and communication, no amount of grammatical or other type of linguistic knowledge can be employed in communication or discourse without the vocabulary. Media is the one of tools that can help teacher in teaching and learning process in a classroom especially in EFL classrooms (Puspitarini & Hanif 2019). The used of a media in teaching English is needed because it could break the boredom of the students in teaching and learning. The use of teaching media in the learning process can increase motivation and stimulate learning activities (Mateer, et al 2014). Meanwhile, according to Pitriana (2012) learning media is a tool which is used to help the teacher easily to deliver learning content / material such as books, films, videos and so on. All components which are used to give suggestion, ought to see, hear and presented in teaching learning process is called media (Sadiman.1986) Dealing with that statement, teachers need to use some kind of tools in leading students in teaching and learning activity. However, students need an interesting tool that is used to study English especially to increase their vocabulary. In order to encourage students to learn vocabulary, English teachers should provide an interesting media that could improve students’ learning vocabulary so they become active learners. Word cards could help teachers to develop students’ learning vocabulary. Research on word cards has been done by Kuo, Y., & Ho, H. Y. (2012) in Taiwan. The result of the study is the majority of the word-card group preferred the word card strategy to the word list strategy to facilitate their vocabulary retention. The other research on word cards has also been studied by Mondria, J. A., & Mondria-De Vries, S. (1994) about the use of word cards in helping students in computer learning and the results of word card research can be used at all study levels. Word cards is one way to make conducive class in teaching English vocabulary ( Gerlach.1980),. Based on the definition above, the present researcher concluded that word card was an interesting media to motivate students to have good motivation to learn English and easy to accept the English vocabulary because students learned English while seeing nice pictures. Considering the advantages of word card, the present researcher was interested in investigating the effectiveness of using word cards on students’ achievement in learning vocabulary for the tenth grade of MA NW Sikur in the school year 2021-2022. Methodology This study is a pre-experimental research design. It means that the performing the data by treating the subject investigated. In this case, this research focuses on analyzing teaching vocabulary through word card. This research involved a single group as the sample to be given a pre-test, treatment, and a post-test. The result of the pre-test and post-test was analyzed by using statistical computation to know the percentage of students’ achievement in learning vocabulary after the treatment. Table 1.1 described the research design. 55 | P a g e  Table 1 Research Design Subject Pre test Treatment Post test E O1 X O2 Note: E = Group of Experiment X = Treatment O1= Pre test O2= Post test (Ary, 2010) The population in the scientific research referred to the quantity of subject who has different characteristic that researcher investigated through research activity. The population of this study was all students’ of the tenth grade of MA NW Sikur in the school year 2021- 2022. The population of this research consisted of one class of the tenth grade of MA NW Sikur. The number of population was 30 students. Arikunto (2013) says that if the population less than one hundred, it would be better to take all of the population as the sample, but if the number of the population is more than one hundred, it would be better to take 10- 15% or 20- 25% or more. In this study, the number of population was less than 100. So, this research uses 30 students as the samples of this research. In collecting the data, the present researcher applied some of instruments. According to Cresswell (2014) says that instrument is tool to collect data. Furthermore, He argue that instrument is a set of questions or exercises or other tools which are used to measure skill or ability, knowledge, intelligence, achievement, and attitude of someone or a group of people. According to Brown (2004) most vocabulary study is carried out through reading. A number of assessments of reading are recognition of vocabulary. Multiple choice techniques, matching, picture-cued identification, cloze techniques, guessing the meaning of a word in context, etc. the major techniques used to assess vocabulary are (a) defining and (b) using a word in a sentence. The aimed of using this test are to found out the positive effect of using word cards as media in teaching English vocabulary. Based on the theory, the present researcher used objective test in the form of multiple choice which consisted of four options (a, b, c, and d). The kinds of test were vocabulary test which consisted of 30 items for pre-test and post-test. Those items designed by objective test in the form of procedure text. Before using test to retrieve the research data, test must be valid and reliable. To know the instruments were valid and reliable, the present researcher conducted try out of instrument. 1. Try Out of Instrument Before applying the test to a number of samples, the instrument of the study was tried out to determine validity and reliability of the test. The present researcher took a number of other students of the tenth grade of MA NW Sikur in the school year 2021-2022 to try out the test outside the sample. The result of tried out was analyzed to the qualification of the test. 2. Test Validity Validity was a measurement that showed validity degree of an instrument. An instrument can be valid if it measures what should be measured (Arikunto, 2010). Validity is a way to measure the extent of the accuracy and accuracy of a measuring instrument in 56 | P a g e  carrying out its measurement function (Cresswell, 2014). Validity is a measure that shows the level of validity or validity of an instrument. The principle of validity is a measurement which means the principle of instrument reliability in collecting data. The instrument must be able to measure what should be measured. So the validity is more emphasis on measurement or observation tools so that the results can be trusted. In this study, the researcher measured the content validity of the test by taking the test from material of the tenth grade of MA NW Sikur in the school year 2021-2022. The test deals with procedure text. 3. Test Reliability A measuring instrument is reliable if it provides consistent results. Reliable measuring instrument does contribute to validity, but a reliable instrument need not be a valid instrument. In analyzing reliability data, the present researcher used SPSS 26 for windows to analyze the data. In collecting the data, present researcher took data from pre-test and post-test. The researcher gave pre-test to the students before giving the treatment. Meanwhile post-test was given to the students after being given treatment by applied word cards. In analyzing the data, this research used descriptive statistics, and hypothesis testing to analyze the data of students’ achievement in learning vocabulary from the pre-test and post-test. 1. Descriptive Statistics The technique of analyzing the data in this research was descriptive statistics. This technique found out Mean Score and Standard Divination of students’ test achievement. The present researcher calculated the Mean Score and Standard Deviation of the experimental group by using (Statistic Package for Social Science) SPSS Statistics 26 for Windows. 2. Testing Hypothesis The hypothesis formulated was the use word card is effective in teaching vocabulary in the tenth grade of MA NW Sikur in the school year 2021-2022. In measuring the collected data, the present researcher used one technique of measurement that was SPSS Statistic 26 for Windows. In this research, the present researcher used Paired-Sample T Test by using SPSS Statistic 17 for Windows to calculate the data. Paired –sample T test will be used if we have measurements for the same variable on two different occasions for the same subject, or when we have values for the same variable for matched pairs of cases (Moedjito, 2014). Result and Discussion 1. Descriptive Statistic This research elaborate all the description about the student’s vocabulary for the tenth grade of MA NW Sikur after following the pre-test, treatment, and post-test. In collecting the data, the present researcher used multiple choice tests. To know the students’ prior ability in vocabulary; the present researcher gave the pre-test. After pre-test was done, the use of word cards is conducted during teaching and learning process. At the end of the research, the present researcher gave post-test to know the students’ achievement after following the treatment. In this case, the researcher want to find out the answer the propose of the study that weather the use of word card is effective in vocabulary mastery the tenth grade of MA NW Sikur in the school year 2021-2022 or not. Table 1.1 Descriptive Statistics 57 | P a g e  N Minimum Maximum Mean Std. Deviation PRE-TEST 20 45.00 65.00 55.5000 7.23660 POST-TEST 20 55.00 80.00 66.0000 8.20783 Valid N (listwise) 20 Referring to the data gained in pre-test, the result of students as follows: Standard Deviation of pre-test was 7.23660 and post-test were 8.20783. The lowest and the highest score of the pre-test were 45 and 65, while in the post-test obtained the lowest and the highest score of post-test were 55 and 80. In addition, the mean score of the pre-test was 61.50 while the post-test was 75.00. The mean scores of the post-test were higher than the mean scores of the pre-test, it intended that the use of word cards has effective in teaching vocabulary. 2. Normality Testing The calculation of normality testing was used to check whether the distribution of pre-test and post-test was normal or not. Moreover, the data is said to be normal if the values of the significance level of pre-test and post-test are more than the values of the significance (p) = 0.05. Table 1.2 Tests of Normality Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk KELAS Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig. PRE- TEST PRE TEST.178 20.099.878 20.016 POST-TEST.168 20.143.911 20.066 a. Lilliefors Significance Correction According to the result of One-Sample K-S, all of the values of Kolmogorov-Smirnov in the pre-test and post-test were too much for the values of the significance (p) = 0.05. The value of Kolmogorov-Smirnov in the pre-test was 0,099 while the value of significance in the post-test was 0.143 Which implied that the data was normal. 3. Homogeneity Testing This test was conducted to know that the data are homogenous. Moreover, the data was said to be homogenous if the values of the level significant are greater than p = 0.05. the result of the computation for the homogeneity test can be seen in table 1.2 Table 1.3 Test of Homogeneity of Variances Levene Statistic df1 df2 Sig. HASIL BELAJAR Based on Mean.567 1 38.456 Based on Median.447 1 38.508 Based on Median and with.447 1 37.812.508 adjusted df Based on trimmed mean.510 1 38.479 58 | P a g e  Based on the calculation of One-Way ANOVA, the value of p = 0.456 at Levene’s test is 0.567. The value of p = 0.456 that more than 0.05, which meant that the data was homogeneous. 4. Testing Hypothesis This test was conducted to know whether the null hypothesis was accepted or rejected. To analyze whether there was a significant difference in the mean score between the pre-test and the post-test, the present researcher used a paired-samples t-test to get an answer to the hypothesis. After performing a paired-samples t-test, the researcher found that there was a significant difference in the scores between the pre-test and the post-test, t(df=19) = -5.125 at p = 0.000, meaning that the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. It is shown on the hypothesis testing table. Table 1.3 Paired Samples Test Paired Differences 95% Confidence Interval of the Std. Std. Error Difference Sig. (2- Mean Deviation Mean Lower Upper t df tailed) Pair PRE-TEST - - 9.16228 2.04875 -14.78808 -6.21192 -5.125 19.000 1 POST-TEST 10.500 00 In connection with the above findings, the researcher found that there were differences in results between the pre-test and post-test. In this study, the test scores of 20 students were tested as data. From the test results, it can be seen that the average score of the 20 students from the initial test was 55.50. From these results, it can be said that grade X students at MA NW Sikur have vocabulary problems. It can be seen on the table. The result of the student’s highest score was 65 and the lowest was 45. After getting the treatment, the researcher found that the average score of the post-test was 66.00. Then the result of the student’s highest score was 80 and the lowest was 55. From the result, it can be said that the use of media word cards on vocabulary mastery for the X students at MA NW Sikur can be said effective. This finding supports the theory of Blanco and Villaneda (2008) that using Word Cards in a teaching-learning process can create a fun and effective way to learn. Besides, it helps the variety of contexts by providing the nature of the students’ field; it means that students can receive kinds of material explained by the teacher at the time of teaching activity. Conclusion and Suggestion 1. Conclusion Referring to the result and discussion of the study, the present researcher concludes that there was an effect of using word cards in teaching vocabulary for the tenth graders of MA NW SIKUR in the school year 2021-2022. It can be seen from the result of the research that the post-test was higher than the pre-test, the mean score of the pre-test was (61.50) and the post-test was (75.00). There was a significant difference in the mean scores between the pre- 59 | P a g e test and the post-test, t(df=29) = 5.203 at p = 0.000. It means that the null hypothesis was rejected and the alternative hypothesis was accepted. Suggestion Thank you to all those involved in the making of this journal article from the beginning of its creation to publication. There are not many suggestions that I want to convey, I just want to pray that this journal remains consistent in its work so that it gets satisfactory accreditation. Thank you. References Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., & Sorensen, C.2010. Introduction to Research in Education (8th ed). USA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Blanco, M. M. and Villaneda, L. M. 2008. Using Cards with Young Learners. [serial online]. Brown H. Douglas II 2nd edition. 2007. Teaching by Principles. Cambridge University. Creswell, John W. 2014. Research Design, Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (Fourth Edition). 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