Solid State PDF

1 Lakshya NEET Solid State Classification of Solids and Classific...

1 Lakshya NEET Solid State Classification of Solids and Classification of Crystalline Solids 1. Isotropy is observed in 9. Water has (A) Crystalline solids (A) Intra – Molecular H-bonding (B) Amorphous solid (B) Ionic interactions (C) Both (A) & (B) (C) Inter – molecular H-bonding (D) None of these (D) Van-der Waal’s interactions 2. Which of the following is incorrect about crystalline 10. Metallic solids are solids? (A) soft (A) They are anisotropic in nature. (B) Brittle (B) They have sharp melting point. (C) ductile (C) They produce rough surface upon cutting. (D) poor conductor of electricity (D) They have definite crystal system. 11. Which of the following is an amorphous solid? (A) Graphite (C) 3. The property of crystalline solid is not (B) Quartz glass (SiO2) (A) Anisotropy (B) Isotropy (C) Chrome alum (C) Hard (D) Dense (D) Silicon carbide (SiC) 4. Graphite is 12. The sharp melting point of crystalline solids is due to (A) Molecular solid (B) Metallic solid (C) Covalent solid (D) Ionic solid (A) a regular arrangement of constituent particles observed over a short distance in the crystal 5. Molecular solids, generally, have lattice. (A) Weak interaction force (B) a regular arrangement of constituent particles (B) Low melting point observed over a long distance in the crystal (C) Poor conductivity lattice. (D) All of above (C) same arrangement of constituent particles in different directions. 6. A solid melts slightly above 273 K and is a poor (D) different arrangement of constituent particles conductor of heat and electricity. To which of the in different directions. following categories does it belong? (A) Ionic solid (B) Covalent solid 13. Which one of the following is a covalent crystal? (C) Metallic solid (D) Molecular solid (A) Rock salt (B) Ice (C) Quartz (D) Dry ice 7. Glass is (A) True solid (B) Pseudo solid 14. Which one of the following is used as a Piezoelectric (C) Crystalline solid (D) Molecular solid material? (A) Silicones (B) Graphite 8. Ionic solids have (C) Silica Gel (D) Quartz (A) Van der Waal’s interactions 15. Silica in amorphous form is used in (B) Covalent bonds (A) Photovolatic cell (C) Coulombic interactions (B) Conductivity cell (D) H-bonding (C) Standard hydrogen electrode (D) Glass electrode  2 Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells and Calculation of Number of Atoms in a Unit Cell 16. How many crystal systems have only two Bravais 24. A solid XY has X atoms forming PCC and Y atoms lattices? are at face-centers. Simplest formula of solid is (A) 1 (B) 2 (A) X2Y3 (B) X3Y (C) 3 (D) 4 (C) XY3 (D) XY 17. The effective number of atoms in PCC, FCC & BCC 25. A solid has P atoms at corners & Q atoms at face unit cell respectively are centers. If atoms along one of the face diagonals are (A) 1, 2, 4 (B) 4, 2, 1 removed, formula of solid would be (C) 1, 4, 2 (D) 2, 4, 1 (A) P2Q3 (B) P4Q3 (C) P4Q5 (D) P3Q10 18. If hypothetically end centered cubic cell exist in nature, effective no. of atoms per unit cell would be 26. A solid AB forms FCC packing with A-atoms at (A) 1 (B) 2 Face-centers & B atoms at 4 corners. If remaining (C) 3 (D) 4 corners has C atom, the simplest formula of solid is (A) ABC (B) AB2C 19. If  =  = , the crystal can’t be (C) A4B3C (D) A6BC (A) Rhombohedral (B) Cubic (C) Tetragonal (D) Hexagonal 27. Formula of given solid is 20. How many bravais lattices are present in all crystal system? (A) 10 (B) 12 (C) 14 (D) 16 21. Which of the following is incorrect? (A) AB3 (B) A3B2 (A) Cubic crystal has three bravias lattice. (C) A2B5 (D) A2B (B) Hexagonal crystal has only primitive packing. (C) Tetragonal crystal has primitive & end- 28. A solid having BCC cell has edge-length of 120 pm. centered packing. The shortest distance between atoms is (D) Triclinic crystal has only primitive packing. (A) 120 pm (B) 103.9 pm (C) 84.84 pm (D) 60 pm 22. The most unsymmetrical & symmetrical systems are respectively 29. In a FCC unit cell, edge length would be, if nearest (A) Tetragonal, Cubic atoms are 70 pm far apart (B) Monoclinic, Hexagonal (A) 140 pm (B) 70 2 pm (C) Triclinic, Cubic (D) Cubic, Trigonal (C) 35 2 pm (D) 70 3 pm 23. A solid having atoms X form HCP. How many atoms 30. An element crystallizes into BCC unit cell. How are present in a unit cell? many unit cells would be present in 0.5 mole of (A) 1 (B) 2 element? (C) 4 (D) 6 (A) 6.022 × 1023 (B) 1.5055 × 1023 (C) 3.011 × 1023 (D) 12.044 × 1023  3 Close Packing in 1-D, 2-D, 3-D, Number & position of Td voids, Oh voids 31. The unit cell present in ABAB, closest packing of 39. In which crystal, alternate tetrahedral voids are atoms is occupied? (A) hexagonal (A) NaCl (B) CaF2 (B) tetragonal (C) ZnS (D) Na2O (C) face centered cube (D) primitive cube 40. A metallic element crystallizes into a lattice containing a sequence of layers of ABABAB. Any 32. Which one of the following schemes of ordering close packing of spheres leaves out voids in the lattice. packed sheets of equal-sized spheres do not generate Approximately what percentage by volume of this closest packed lattice? lattice is empty space? (A) ABACABAC… (B) ABCBCABC… (A) 74% (B) 26% (C) ABABC… (D) ABBAA… (C) 48% (D) 32% 33. Which of the following has the least void space 41. In FCC unit cell, how many lattice points are fraction in their structure? available for octahedral sites (A) BCC (B) BCC and HCP (A) 4 (B) 5 (C) HCP (D) FCC and HCP (C) 12 (D) 13 34. Stacking of square close packed layers give rise to 42. In PCC, the void formed is (A) hcp structure (A) Trigonal (B) Tetrahedral (B) fcc structure (C) Cubic (D) Octahedral (C) Simple cubic structure (D) None of these 43. How many octahedral voids are formed by 2 atoms in FCC packing? 35. The number of tetrahedral and octahedral voids in (A) 1 (B) 2 hexagonal prismatic unit cell HCP is (C) 3 (D) 4 (A) 8,4 (B) 2,1 (C) 12,6 (D) 6,12 44. In the unit cell of NaCl (A) All octahedral and tetrahedral sites are 36. Which of the following void is smallest in close occupied. packing? (B) Only octahedral sites are occupied. (A) Tetrahedral (B) Octahedral (C) Only tetrahedral sites are occupied. (C) Cubic (D) Square (D) Neither octahedral nor tetrahedral are occupied. 37. The number of octahedral void in BCC structure is (A) 0 (B) 1 45. In FCC unit cell, tetrahedral voids are present at (C) 2 (D) 4 (A) One at each edge-center (B) One at each body diagonal 38. Which of the following interstitial site is formed (C) Two at each body diagonal when the three closed packed spheres of one layer is (D) One at body center put over three closed packed spheres of the second layer, their positions being inverted with respect to each other? (A) Tetrahedral (B) Octahedral (C) Rhombohedral (D) Tetragonal  4 Packing Efficiency in HCP and CCP 46. Zinc blende is 55. An element (M. mass = 60 g/mol) crystallizes into (A) Cubic (B) Hexagonal FCC unit cell. No. of unit cells in 30g of it (C) Trigonal (D) Triclinic NA (A) 2NA (B) 2 47. White tin has crystal system. (A) Tetragonal (B) Hexagonal NA (C) (D) 4NA (C) Monoclinic (D) Triclinic 8 48. In HCP unit cells, no. of lattice points are 56. An element (M. mass = 40 g/mol) crystallizes into (A) 12 (B) 15 HCP unit cell. No. of unit cells in 80 g of it (C) 17 (D) 20 NA (A) (B) 3NA 49. The packing fraction in FCC lattice is 3 NA 1 (C) 2NA (D)  (B) 2  (A)  2 6 6 3 2 (C)  (D)  57. Which of the following unit cell is most efficient? 8 3 (A) BCC (B) PCC 50. The coordination number of a metal crystallizing in a (C) HCP HCP structure is (D) All are equally efficient (A) 12 (B) 4 (C) 8 (D) 6 58. Atoms of the element 'A' form HCP and atoms of element 'C' occupy only two-third of octahedral voids 51. Packing efficiency of an identical solid sphere is 74% in it, then the general formula of the compound is in (A) CA (B) CA2 (A) Simple cubic structure (C) C2A3 (D) C3A2 (B) BCC structure (C) HCP structure 59. A solid has three types of atoms, such as X, Y and Z. (D) None of these 'X' forms a FCC lattice with 'Y' atoms occupying all 52. Which of the following expression represents total the tetrahedral voids and 'Z' atoms occupying half the volume of atoms present in a FCC unit cell of a metal? octahedral voids. The simplest formula of solid is (r is the atomic radius) (A) X2Y4Z (B) XY2Z4 20 3 24 3 (C) X4Y2Z (D) X4YZ2 (A) r (B) r 3 3 60. The low density of alkali metals is due to 12 3 16 3 (C) r (D) r (A) their BCC structure in which about 32% of the 3 3 available space is unfilled. 53. Separation between two nearest face – centers in FCC (B) their HCP structure in which about 74% of the lattice of edge length 6.2 Å is available space is unfilled. (A) 3.1 Å (B) 4.38 Å (C) their cubic close packed (CCP) structure in (C) 5.37 Å (D) 10.73 Å which about 74% of the available space is unfilled. 54. Closest separation in FCC unit cell is 132 pm edge (D) their BCC structure in which about 47% of the length is available space is unfilled. (A) 132 pm (B) 93.35 pm (C) 186.65 pm (D) 228.62 pm  5 Packing Efficiency in BCC and PCC Unit Cell 61. The packing fraction in BCC lattice is 68. In BCC lattice of solid PQ, P atoms are at corner & Q 1 2 6 6  (A) (B) atoms are at body-center.oIf separation between nearest ‘P’ atom is 2.4 A , the separation between 3 3 (C)  (D)  closest ‘P’ & ‘Q’ atom is 8 2 o o (A) 3.2 A (B) 3.39 A o o 62. The packing fraction in simple cubic lattice is (C) 4.8 A (D) 2.07 A 1 2 (A)  (B)  6 6 69. No. of nearest neighbours in PCC lattice is 3 1 (C)  (D)  (A) 6 (B) 8 8 2 (C) 10 (D) 12 63. In a BCC packing, the nearest neighbours lie along 70. No. of nearest neighbours in BCC lattice is the (A) 6 (B) 8 (A) edges of the cube (C) 10 (D) 12 (B) face diagonal (C) line joining the two opposite corners of the 71. How many second nearest neighbours are there in face. PCC lattice? (D) cube diagonal (A) 6 (B) 8 (C) 10 (D) 12 o 64. CsBr has cubic structure with edge length 4.3 A. The 72. How many second nearest neighbours are there in shortest inter ionic distance in between Cs+ and Br– is BCC lattice? o o (A) 6 (B) 8 (A) 3.72 A (B) 1.86 A o o (C) 10 (D) 12 (C) 7.44 A (D) 4.3 A 73. An atom crystallizes in both PCC & BCC. The ratio 65. In PCC lattice, closest separation between atoms is of edge lengths of both lattice is 248 pm. Edge length of lattice is (A) 1: 2 (B) 3 2 (A) 248 pm (B) 124 pm (C) 175.3 pm (D) 214.77 pm (C) 2 3 (D) 3 : 2 66. In BCC lattice of an atom A, the closest separation is 74. Find ratio of radii of atoms that crystallizes in PCC & 342 pm. Edge length of lattice is BCC unit cells of same edge length (A) 342 pm (B) 270 pm (A) 2 :1 (B) 2: 3 (C) 395 pm (D) 410 pm (C) 3:2 (D) 1: 3 o 67. In PCC lattice of atom ‘x’, two nearest atoms are 243 75. In PCC lattice, radius of atom is 4.3 A. Distance pm apart. Separation between second nearest atoms is between atoms at end of cube diagonal. (A) 171.85 pm (B) 343.6 pm o o (C) 243 pm (D) 420.8 pm (A) 3.04 A (B) 8.6 A o o (C) 14.9 A (D) 7.44 A  6 Radius Ratio in Ionic Solid and Density of Solids 76. An ionic compound is expected to have octahedral 83. The radius of a divalent A2+ is 94 pm and of divalent structure if rc/ra (rc < ra) lies in the range of anion B2– is 146 pm. The compound AB has (A) 0.414 to 0.732 (B) 0.732 to 0.82 (A) Rock salt structure (C) 0.225 to 0.414 (D) 0.155 to 0.225 (B) Zinc blende structure (C) Anti-fluorite structure 77. If the radius of the anion in an ionic solid is 200 pm, (D) Caesium chloride like structure what would be the radius of the cation that fits exactly into a cubic hole? o (A) 146.4 pm (B) 82.8 pm 84. The ionic radii of Rb+ and I– are 1.46 and 2.16 A , (C) 45 pm (D) None of these respectively. The most probable type of structure exhibited by it is 78. An ionic compound AB has fluorite type structure. If (A) CsCl type (B) NaCl type (C) ZnS type (D) CaF2 type the radius B– is 200 pm, then the ideal radius of A+ would be 85. The radius of Ag+ ion is 126 pm while of I– ion is 216 (A) 82.8 pm (B) 146.4 pm pm. The coordination number of Ag in AgI is (C) 40 pm (D) 45 pm (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8 79. In an FCC arrangement of metallic atoms, what is the relative ratio of the ideal sizes of tetrahedral and 86. The unit cell of a metallic element of atomic mass 108 octahedral voids? and density 10.5 g/cm3 is a cube with edge length of (A) 0.543 (B) 0.732 409 pm. The structure of the crystal lattice is (C) 0.414 (D) 0.637 (A) FCC (B) BCC 80. For an ideal ionic crystal, the simplest formula is AX and the coordination number of cation is 6. The value (C) Simple cubic (D) None of these of radius ratio r  A : rx  (A) must be greater than 0.732. 87. A binary solid (A+ B–) has a rock salt structure. If the (B) must lie in between 0.414 and 0.732 edge length is 400 pm and the radius of cation is 75 (C) must lie in between 0.225 and 0.414 pm, then the radius of anion is (D) must be less than 0.414. (A) 100 pm (B) 125 pm 81. In the closest packing of atoms A (radius : r a), the (C) 250 pm radius of atom B that can be fitted into tetrahedral (D) 325 pm void is (A) 0.155 ra (B) 0.225 ra 88. The -form of iron exists in BCC form and -form (C) 0.414 ra (D) 0.732 ra of iron exists in FCC structure. Assuming that the distance between the nearest neighbours is the same 82. FeO crystallizes in the cubic system, in which there is in the two forms, the ratio of the density of -form to four formula units in each unit cell. The density of the that of -form is crystal is 4.0 g/cm3. The side length of each unit cell (A) 4 2 :3 3 (B) 4 3 :3 2 is (Fe = 56, NA = 6 × 1023) o o (C) 3: 2 (D) 2:1 (A) 4.227 A (B) 2.424 A o o (C) 4.932 A (D) 2.974 A  7 89. Sodium metal crystallizes in BCC lattice with the cell 90. Potassium has BCC structure with nearest neighbor o o edge a = 4.29 A. What is the radius of the sodium distance (2.5 × 3 ) A. Its density will be (K = 39, atom? NA = 6 × 1023) o o (A) 1.040 kg/m3 (B) 104 kg/m3 (A) 1.86 A (B) 2.15 A (C) 520 kg/m3 (D) 1040 kg/m3 o o (C) 4.29 A (D) 2.94 A Braggs Law and Types of Point Defects 91. Structure shown here represents: 95. The yellow colour of ZnO and conducting nature A+ B– A+ B– produced in heating is due to (A) metal excess defects due to interstitial cation. B– B– A+ (B) extra positive ions present in an interstitial site. Cation : A+ (C) trapped electrons. A+ Anion : B– (D) All of these A+ B– A+ B– 96. In schottky defect B– A+ B– A+ (A) Solid becomes net positively charged. (A) Schottky defect (B) Density is lowered. (B) Frenkel defect (C) Electrical conductivity decreases. (C) Metal excess defect (D) Solid develops color. (D) None of these 97. The theoretical density of ZnS is d g/cm3. If the 92. Structure shown here represents: crystal has 4% Frenkel defect, then the actual density A+ B– A+ B– of ZnS should be A+ (A) d g/cm3 (B) 0.04 d g/cm3 3 – + – + (C) 0.96 d g/cm (D) 1.04 d g/cm3 B A B A Cation : A+ e– Anion : B– 98. NaCl is doped with 2 × 10–3 mole % AlCl3 the A+ B– A+ B– concentration of cation vacancies is (NA = 6 × 1023) (A) 6.0 × 1018 mol–1 (B) 2.4 × 1019 mol–1 B– A+ B– A+ (C) 3.0 × 1018 mol–1 (D) 2.4 × 1021 mol–1 (A) Schottky defect (B) Frenkel defect (C) Both defects (D) None of these 99. AgBr can show (A) Frenkel defect (B) Schottky defect 93. Frenkel defect is noticed in (C) Both (D) None (A) AgBr (B) ZnS (C) AgI (D) All of these 100. Which of the following would show metal deficiency defect? 94. Bragg’s equation is (A) Fe2O3 (B) MnO2 (2n 1) (A) dsin   n (B) dsin   (C) Fe3O4 (D) PbO 2 (C) 2dsin   n (D) nd  2sin  101. Which defect decreases density of the crystal? (A) Frenkel defect (B) Schottky defect (C) Both (A) & (B) (D) None of these  8 102. Select the incorrect statement: 104. The composition of a sample of Wustite is Fe0.93O. (A) Stoichiometry of crystal remains uneffected What is the percentage of iron present as Fe3+ in total due to Schottky defect. iron? (B) Frenkel defect is usually shown by ionic (A) 15.05% (B) 25% compounds having low coordination number. (C) 35% (D) 45% (C) F-centres generation is responsible factor for imparting the colour to the crystal. 105. LiCl is pink due to (D) Density of crystal always increases due to (A) Frenkel defect (B) Schottky defect substitutional impurity defect. (C) F-Center (D) Interstitial defect 103. The composition of a sample of cuprous oxide is found to be Cu1.92O1.00 due to metal deficiency defect. The molar ratio of Cu2+ and Cu+ ions in the crystal is (A) 4 : 5 (B) 1 : 12.5 (C) 1 : 23 (D) 1 : 24 Electrical and Magnetic Properties 106. Silicon that has been doped with group-15 elements 110. Which of the following oxides behave as a conductor is called or an insulator depending on temperature? (A) p-type semiconductor (A) CrO3 (B) SiO2 (B) n-type semiconductor (C) TiO3 (D) FeO (C) electron vacancy or hole (D) none of these 111. Which of the following oxide shows electrical properties like metals? 107. Silicon that has been doped with group-13 elements (A) SiO2 (B) MgO is called (C) SO2(s) (D) CrO2 (A) p-type semiconductor (B) n-type semiconductor 112. Which oxide is similar to metallic copper in terms of (C) electron vacancy or hole conductivity & appearance? (D) none of these (A) MnO (B) CrO2 (C) ReO3 (D) OsO4 108. Superconductors are substances which? (A) conduct electricity at low temperatures. 113. Some of the polar crystals when heated produces (B) conduct electricity at high temperature. small electrical current. This phenomenon is called (C) offer very high resistance to the flow of (A) Ferro electricity current. (B) Pyroelectricity (D) offer no resistance to the flow of current. (C) Piezo electricity (D) Anti-ferro electricity 109. Which of the following acts as a superconductor at 4K? 114. Choose the example of paramagnetic substance. (A) Hg (B) Cu (A) TiO2 (B) O2 (C) K (D) Mg (C) NaCl (D) V2O5  9 115. A ferromagnetic substance becomes a permanent 118. Fe3O4 is ferrimagnetic at room temperature but at 850 magnet when it is placed in a magnetic field because K it becomes (A) all the domains get oriented in the direction of (A) diamagnetic (B) ferromagnetic magnetic field. (C) non-magnetic (D) paramagnetic (B) all the domains get oriented in the direction opposite to the direction of magnetic field. 119. Ferrimagnetism is in (C) domains get oriented randomly. (A)      (B)     (C)       (D) None of these (D) domains are not affected by magnetic field. 120. Which of the following is a ferromagnetic substance? 116. Among the following, which can be magnetized (A) Fe2O3 (B) Cr2O3 permanently? (C) Fe3O4 (D) CrO2 (A) O2 (B) NaCl (C) CrO2 (D) Cu2+ 117. Which of the following arrangement shows schematic alignment of magnetic moments of anti- ferromagnetic substances? (A) (B) (C) (D)