Skull Anatomy - Lateral View PDF

Lateral view of the skull Bones can be seen from lateral view : Frontal Parietal Temporal Occipital Greater wing of sphenoid Mandible Zygomatic Maxilla Nasal lacrimal  Bones landmarks seen on lateral view of the skull Frontal bone :From anterior the frontal bone f...

Lateral view of the skull Bones can be seen from lateral view : Frontal Parietal Temporal Occipital Greater wing of sphenoid Mandible Zygomatic Maxilla Nasal lacrimal  Bones landmarks seen on lateral view of the skull Frontal bone :From anterior the frontal bone forms the side of the skull and articulates with the parietal bone at the coronal suture. The parietal bones form the sides and roof of the cranium and articulate with articulate with the occipital bone behind, at the lambdoid suture. Occipital bone : The squamous part of the occipital bone. Temporal bone parts: the squamous, tympanic, mastoid process, styloid process, and zygomatic process , tympanic plate and the external auditory meatus ). Sphenoid bone : the greater wing of the sphenoid Zygomatic bone : frontal process , body of zygomatic , temporal process of zygomatic bone Mandible :ramus and body of the mandible lie inferiorly. Note : the superior and inferior temporal lines, which begin as a single line from the posterior margin of the zygomatic process of the frontal bone and diverge as they arch backward. The temporal fossa lies below the inferior temporal line.  Pterion: is an area located on the floor of the temporal fossa Where 4 bones meet at an H- shaped structure The 4 bones are 1-freontal 2 parietal 3 squamous part of temporal bone 4 greater wing of sphenoid The pterion is the thinnest part of the lateral wall of the skull. it overlies the anterior division of The middle meningeal artery and Epiduralveinbleeding Bones landmarks seen on lateral view of the skull the superior and inferior temporal lines, which begin as a single line from the posterior margin of the zygomatic process of the frontal bone and diverge as they arch backward. The upper temporal line gives attachment for the temporal fascia The lower temporal line is for the attachment of temporalis muscle The zygomatic arch: formed of : Temporal process of zygomatic bone + Zygomatic process of temporal bone  The temporal fossa lies below the inferior temporal line. The zygomatic arch divides the lateral side of the Skull into The temporal fossa & The infratemporal fossa  The temporal fossa Boundries Above and behind: the superior temporal line Below: The zygomatic arch Anteriorly: the frontal process of zygomatic bone  Infratemporal fossa boundaries Anterior wall: back of the maxilla Medial wall: lateral pterygoid plate Roof: greater wing Of sphenoid Lateral wall: ramus of mandible Communications Temporal fossa: through the gap deep to the zygomatic arch Orbit: through the inferior orbital fissure Pterygo-polatine fossa : through the pterygo-maxillary fissure The pterygomaxillary fissure is a vertical fissure that lies within the fossa between the pterygoid process of the sphenoid bone and back of the maxilla. It leads medially into the pterygopalatine fossa.  The inferior orbital fissure is a horizontal fissure between the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the maxilla. It leads forward into the orbit.  The pterygopalatine fossa Is a small space behind and below the orbital cavity. It communicates laterally :with the infratemporal fossa through the pterygomaxillary fissure Medially: with the nasal cavity through the sphenopalatine foramen superiorly :with the skull through the foramen rotundum anteriorly :with the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure  Inferior View From anterior the hard palate is found , which is composed of the palatine processes of the maxillae and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones. The incisive foramen in the anterior midline, and the greater and lesser palatine foramina found posterolaterally. The choanae (posterior nasal apertures) separated from each other by the posterior margin of vomer and are bounded laterally by the medial pterygoid plates of the sphenoid bone. The large foramen ovale and small foramen spinosum pierce the greater wing of the sphenoid posterolateral to the lateral pterygoid plate. The spine of the sphenoid is posterolateral to the foramen spinosum. The mandibular fossa of the temporal bone for articulation with head of mandible to form tempromandibular joint.  Hard Incisive foramen palate Greater and lesser palatine foramina Foramen ovale Foramen Foramen spinosum lacerum Jugular foramen Carotid canal Stylomastoi Hypogloss d foramen al canal Foramen magnum  Palatine process of maxilla Horizontal plate of palatine bone Greater wing of sphenoi Zygomatic arch d Posterior nasal spine Medial ptyrigoid plate Lateral ptyrigoid plate Mandibular fossa External auditory meatu Vomer Styloid process Basilar part of occipital bone Mastoid process Pharyngeal tubercle Occipital Condyle External occipital protuberance  The carotid canal is on the inferior surface of the petrous part of the temporal bone. foramen lacerum formed by meeting of the medial end of the petrous part of the temporal bone with the basilar part of the occipital bone and the greater wing of the sphenoid, During life, this foramen is mostly closed with fibrous tissue, and only a few small structures pass through this foramen from the cranial cavity to the exterior. The tympanic plate, a part of the temporal bone and external auditory meatus. The stylomastoid foramen is between the styloid and mastoid processes of temporal bone.  Medial to the styloid process, there is jugular foramen. pharyngeal tubercle is a small midline prominence on the undersurface of the basilar part of the occipital bone. The occipital condyles are large rounded prominences on either side of the foramen magnum. They articulate with the superior aspect of the first cervical vertebra, the atlas. The hypoglossal canal is anterosuperior to the occipital condyle. The external occipital protuberance found in the midline posterior to the foramen magnum. And the superior nuchal lines curve laterally from each side. Bones can be seen from the inferior view of the skull : Maxilla Palatine Zygomatic Vomer Maxilla Sphenoid Temporal Zygomatic Occipital Palatine Foramena seen from the inferior sphenoid Vomer view : Incisive foramen Greater and lesser palatine Temporal Foramen ovale foramen spinosum Carotid canal Foramen lacerum Jugular foramen Occipital Stylomastoid foramen Hypoglossal canal Foramen magnum 11-The styloid process of the temporal bone 15- Foramen lacerum 12-Tympanic plate of the temporal bone 14-The opening of the 13-the external carotid canal auditory meatus  16- The stylomastoid foramen In the interval between the styloid and mastoid processe 17-jugular foramen 18-Hypoglossal canal Superior to the occipital condyle for transmission of the hypoglossal nerve