Introduction to Psych Assessment PDF

INTRODUCTION TO PSYCH ASSESSMENT Presented By: Presented To: REMO G. TOMILLUSO, RPM, CMHT USC PSYCH DEPT BASIC CONCEPTS 1 PSYCHOMETRICS a branch of psychology concerned with the quantification and measurement of mental attributes, behavior, performance...

INTRODUCTION TO PSYCH ASSESSMENT Presented By: Presented To: REMO G. TOMILLUSO, RPM, CMHT USC PSYCH DEPT BASIC CONCEPTS 1 PSYCHOMETRICS a branch of psychology concerned with the quantification and measurement of mental attributes, behavior, performance It is also concerned with the design, analysis, and use of psychological tests and application of statistical methods to psychological testing “the art of imposing measurement and number upon operations of the mind” – Francis Galton BASIC CONCEPTS 2 TEST PSYCHOLOGICAL TEST A test or examination Uses tools or scales that  Contains a set of items intended to measure a quantify behavior and aid that are designed to measure test-taker’s knowledge, in understanding and characteristics of human skill, aptitude, or prediction of human beings that pertains to classification in many behavior (e.g. personality behavior topics tests, intelligence tests) BASIC CONCEPTS 2 PSYCHOLOGICAL TEST a psychological test is essentially an objective and standardized measure of a sample of behavior What makes psychological tests objective? Objective - requires the respondent to make a particular response to a structured set of instructions (e.g., true/false, yes/no, or the correct answer) What makes psychological tests standardized? Standardization – requires the test user to have uniformity in procedure and scoring. It also means that the test has established validity and reliability. BASIC CONCEPTS 2 PSYCHOLOGICAL TEST aims to measure: has types of administration OVERT COVERT INDIVIDUAL GROUP BEHAVIORS BEHAVIORS TESTING TESTING (e.g. eating, (e,g. mental walking, smiling) processes, internal thoughts) BASIC CONCEPTS INDIVIDUAL TESTING ADVANTAGES: 1. Examiner can pay more attention to the examinee 2. Examiner can easily encourage examinee and observe his behavior during the test more closely 3. Scores on individual tests are not as dependent on reading ability as scores in group tests DISADVANTAGES: 1. Time consuming 2. Requires highly-trained individuals 3. Expensive (costs more than group tests) BASIC CONCEPTS GROUP TESTING ADVANTAGES: 1. Can be administered to large numbers simultaneously 2. Simplified examiner role 3. Scoring typically more objective 4. Large representative samples often used leading to better established norms DISADVANTAGES: 1. Scores are generally dependent on the reading ability 2. Information obtained are generally less accurate 3. Examiner has less oppurtunity to establish rapport, obtain cooperation, and maintain interest BASIC CONCEPTS GROUP TESTING DISADVANTAGES: 4. Not readily detected if an examinee is tired, anxious, or unwell 5. Has evidence that emotionally disturbed children do better in individual rather than group tests 6. Examiner’s response are more restricted 7. Test taker may become bored over easy items and/or frustrated or anxious over difficult items  BASIC CONCEPTS 2 TYPES PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS INTELLIGENCE ACHIEVEMENT ABILITY TESTS APTITUDE TESTS TESTS TESTS (test designed to (measures or (evaluates learning (measures potential measure competence evaluates previous potential) to solve problems, or capacity to perform learning) adapt to changes, a physical or mental and profit from act) experience)  BASIC CONCEPTS 2 TYPES PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS STRUCTURED PROJECTIVE PERSONALITY (OBJECTIVE) (SUBJECTIVE) TESTS (measures individual’s (requires individuals to choose (Unstructured; provides an behavioral and between predefined responses) ambiguous test stimulus which cognitive preferences) the individual is free to give a spontaneous response) BASIC CONCEPTS 3 PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT PSYCHOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING ASSESSMENT (the process of measuring psychology- the gathering and integration of psychology-related related variables by means of devices or data for the purpose of making psychological procedures designed to obtain a sample evaluation that is accomplished through the use of of behavior) tools and specially designed to obtain a sample of behavior BASIC CONCEPTS idiographic nomothetic BASIC CONCEPTS BASIC CONCEPTS BASIC CONCEPTS 4 IMPORTANCE Psychometrics – ensures that psychological tests are valid and reliable (standardization allows comparisons to groups, fairness reduces bias) Psychological tests – provides data that can be used in diagnosing mental conditions, understanding behavior, predicting future behavior, and/or selecting candidates for job Psychological assessment – provides comprehensive understanding to clinical psychologists that helps them tailor their intervention or treatment plans REVIEW ORAL RECITATION REVIEW GIVE AT LEAST ONE ADVANTAGE OF AN INDIVIDUAL TEST. REVIEW GIVE AT LEAST ONE DISADVANTAGE OF A GROUP TEST. REVIEW WHAT KIND OF TEST MEASURES INDIVIDUAL’S BEHAVIORAL AND COGNITIVE PREFERENCES? a. Ability e. Achievement b. Personality f. Aptitude c. Projective g. Intelligence d. Structured