PPT L1 W1 Matter and Energy in Ecosystems - Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration PDF

Module: Matter and Energy in Ecosystems Lesson: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Learning Objectives: Starter: How does this plant get the energy it needs to survive?  Scientific Method Encounter the pheno...

Module: Matter and Energy in Ecosystems Lesson: Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Learning Objectives: Starter: How does this plant get the energy it needs to survive?  Scientific Method Encounter the phenomenon (‫)ظﺎھرة‬ - Observe Explain the phenomenon - Claim (because….) (hypothesis) Collect evidence - Evidence to explain - Evidence from measurement - Revise your claim (optional) Conclusion - Reasoning - (The evidence I collected supports my claim because….)  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z4kqbKQrvYA Encounter the phenomenon What did you notice in the video? Write down your observations.  Explain the phenomenon Claim: Plants and animals obtain and process energy……..  Collect the Evidence What evidence have you discovered to explain how plants use sunlight to produce energy?  More Evidence What evidence have you discovered about how animals obtain their energy?  Reasoning The evidence I collected supports my claim because….  Why do plants need sunlight? Like all living organisms, plants need food, but they cannot eat. They make their own food and leaves are the major food-producing organs of plants. To make food, leaves must capture energy from sunlight. This is why you see plants on windowsills with their leaves turned towards the Sun.  Photosynthesis Without plants, all animal life, including human beings, would not exist! Some of the many foods and products that are provided by plants. Recall that plants absorb light energy from the Sun and convert it into chemical energy in a process called photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, a plant produces glucose (sugar) that it uses as food. Even organisms that don’t eat plants directly depend on plants because they eat other organisms that do eat plants. A cross-section of a leaf (Epidermal cells) (stomata)  Leaf Structure Epidermis is transparent. Palisade layer at the top containing most of the chloroplasts. Air spaces in the spongy mesophyll allow diffusion between stomata and photosynthesising cells. 2 Steps of Photosynthesis  Photosynthesis Making Sugars By Using Light Energy Some of the oxygen leaves the plant through the stomata. Carbon dioxide, which entered the leaf through the stomata, combines with the hydrogen atoms and forms glucose, a type of sugar. Photosynthesis can be shown by the following equation: A plant can store sugars, and it uses some of the oxygen in another process called cellular respiration.  Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration is a series of chemical reactions that converts the energy in food molecules into a usable form of energy called ATP. This energy is needed for growth, repair and reproduction. It occurs in two parts of a cell: 1. Cytoplasm 2. Mitochondria First Step of Cellular Respiration This occurs in the cytoplasm. Glycolysis occurs, where glucose (sugar) is broken down into smaller molecules. Glycolysis produces some ATP, but it also uses energy from other ATP molecules.  Second Step of Cellular Respiration Occurs in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. Requires oxygen. The smaller molecules made from glycolysis are broken down. Large amounts of ATP are produced. Water and Carbon dioxide are given off as waste. How are Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration related? Photosynthesis Cellular respiration