Pointers to Review - Essay Writing Guide PDF

POINTERS TO REVIEW: - **ACADEMIC TEXT** - It is a reading material that provides information which includes concepts and theories that are related to the specific discipline. - **ACADEMIC TEXT** - Academic texts are critical, objective and specialized texts that are written by prof...

POINTERS TO REVIEW: - **ACADEMIC TEXT** - It is a reading material that provides information which includes concepts and theories that are related to the specific discipline. - **ACADEMIC TEXT** - Academic texts are critical, objective and specialized texts that are written by professionals or experts in a particular field - **ARGUABLE** - In this feature of academic text, writers should avoid using colloquial words, abbreviations, and expressions. - **NARRATIVE** - Narrates an event/story with characters, setting, conflict, point of view, and plot. - **CAUSE AND EFFECT** - Provide explanations or reasons for phenomena. - **PROBLEM/SOLUTION** - Identify problems and pose solutions. - **COMPARE AND CONTRAST** - Discuss two ideas, events, or phenomena, showing how they are different and how they are similar. - **DESCRIPTION** - Describes a topic by listing characteristics, features, attributes, and examples. - **THESIS STATEMENT** - a sentence that tells readers the main points your paper covers. It is your entire paper squeezed in 1 sentence at the end of the introduction. - **SUMMARIZING is reducing text to one-third or one-quarter its original size, clearly articulating the author's meaning, and retaining main ideas.** - **SUMMARIZING involves stating a work's thesis and main ideas "simply, briefly, and accurately".** - **SUMMARIZING is taking a lot of information and creating a condensed version that covers the main points; and to express the most important facts or ideas about something or someone in a short and clear form** - **OUTLINE is a map of your essay or a blueprint. It shows what information each section or paragraph will contain, and in what order.** A. **INTRODUCTION (ATTENTION GRABBER)** - **An introduction of an essay prepares the reader on the contents of the essay.** - **The introduction of the essay is an opening of what is to come ahead.** - **The writer introduces the topic to the reader by giving background information and providing a thesis statement.** B. **BODY (THE CONTENT OF THE PAPER)** - **The body of the essay should contain a minimum of three paragraphs in support of the thesis statement made in the introductory paragraph.** - **Each paragraph should relay an individual point or idea.** - **It should always ensure that your paragraphs contain three parts: the topic sentence, supporting statement and the concluding paragraphs.** C. **CONCLUSION (WRAP ALL OF YOUR ARGUMENTS)** - **The conclusion of the essay should mark the end of your essay.** - **The writer is supposed to summarize the ideas made in the body and also restate the thesis statement.** - **MAIN IDEAS are labeled with ROMAN NUMERALS (1st level of an outline)** - **SUPPORTING IDEAS developing the main ideas are labelled with CAPITAL LETTERS, indented. (2nd Level)** - **DETAILS DEVELOPING THE SUPPORTING IDEAS are labelled with ARABIC NUMBER, indented. (3rd Level)** - **MINOR DETAILS developing the details are labelled with SMALL LETTERS. (4th Level)** - **SENTENCE OUTLINE - An outline that is done in full sentence. It expresses the specific and complete idea that that section of the paper will cover as part of proving the overall thesis.** - **TOPIC OUTLINE - An outline that consists of a short phrase. It provides a quick overview of topics to be included in an essay. A maximum of several words is used to identify the topic or idea that will be discussed under the given heading.** - **FORMALIST CRITICISM - Analyzing how a text's form (structure, style) influences its meaning** - **HISTORICAL CRITICISM - Investigating how a text reflects the social conditions of the time it was written** - **GENDER CRITICISM -- Examining how gender roles are portrayed in literature** - **FEMINIST CRITICISM -- Analyzing how a text portrays women's experiences or challenges patriarchy** - **READER -- RESPONSE CRITICISM -- Interpreting a text based on the reader\'s individual emotional experience** - **MEDIA CRITICISM - Evaluating how the portrayal of media (news, TV) reflects societal values** - **STRUCTURALIST CRITICISM - Exploring the underlying structures and patterns in a text** - **MARXIST CRITICISM --** **Analyzing how class and economic power influence a narrative** - **FORMALIST CRITICISM - Identifying repeated imagery and symbolism in a poem** - **MARXIST CRITICISM - Understanding a work through the lens of power structures, capitalism** - **MEDIA CRITICISM** - **Critiquing how a film's editing shapes audience perception** - **GENDER CRITICISM** - **Evaluating the portrayal of masculinity in a novel** - **FEMINIST CRITICISM - Looking at how women's perspectives are sidelined in a story** - **READER -- RESPONSE CRITICISM - Considering how a modern audience may interpret an ancient text** - **STRUCTURALIST CRITICISM - Analyzing a work\'s structure using linguistics or semiotics** - **MARXIST CRITICISM -** **Describing how different social classes are depicted in a novel** - **HISTORICAL CRITICISM** -**Highlighting the influence of World War II on the writing of a novel** - **SUMMARIZING -- Restating the main points of a passage briefly** - **OUTLINING -- Creating a brief framework to organize ideas before writing** - **THESIS STATEMENT -- A clear statement expressing the central argument of a paper** - **CAUSE AND EFFECT - Analyzing the relationship between an event and its consequences** - **NARRATIVE -- Telling a story or recounting events** - **COMPARE AND CONTRAST -- Identifying similarities and differences between two subjects** - **PROBLEM AND SOLUTION -- Describing an issue and proposing ways to fix it** - **SUMMARIZING** **Writing a concise overview of the key ideas in a text**