Physics Interim Assessment 2 PDF

Physics Interim Assessment 2 SECTION I: Multiple Choice DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Instructions At a Glance Section I of this exam contains 15 multiple-choice questions. Total Time Indicate all o...

Physics Interim Assessment 2 SECTION I: Multiple Choice DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Instructions At a Glance Section I of this exam contains 15 multiple-choice questions. Total Time Indicate all of your answers to the multiple-choice questions on the answer 45 minutes sheet. No credit will be given for anything written in this exam booklet, but Number of Questions you may use the booklet for notes or scratch work. After you have decided 15 Percent of Total Score which of the suggested answers is best, completely fill in the corresponding 50% circle on the answer sheet. Give only one answer to each question. If you Writing Instrument change an answer, be sure that the previous mark is erased completely. Here Pencil required is a sample question and answer. Calculator Allowed Use your time effectively, working as quickly as you can without losing accuracy. Do not spend too much time on any one question. Go on to other questions and come back to the ones you have not answered if you have time. It is not expected that everyone will know the answers to all of the multiple-choice questions. Your total score on the multiple-choice section is based only on the number of questions answered correctly. Points are not deducted for incorrect answers or unanswered questions. Name: __________________________________________________________________________ GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Physics Interim Assessment 2 1  PHYSICS SECTION I Time – 45 minutes Number of questions – 15 Directions: Answer each of the following questions, using the available space for scratch work. After examining the form of the choices, decide which is the best of the choices given and fill in the corresponding circle on the answer sheet. No credit will be given for anything in this exam booklet. Do not spend too much time on any one problem. Use the following information to answer questions 1 – 4. A group of students ran an experiment to determine how different materials impact the acceleration of an object on a steel surface. To test this, the students tested three different 50 kg objects. The data from their experiment is presented below. For each trial, measurements began when the objects were traveling at a velocity of +0.25 m/s. 1. Select the response that correctly lists the objects in order from greatest magnitude of acceleration to least magnitude of acceleration. (A) 1, 2, 3 (B) 1, 3, 2 (C) 2, 1, 3 (D) 2, 3, 1 GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 2 Physics Interim Assessment 2  2. Select the velocity vs time graph that correctly 3. Marina, a member of the student group running represents the acceleration of object 2. the experiment claims that an object’s mass has no impact on its acceleration. Which of the following would best disprove Marina’s claim? (A) In the experiment, each object has the same mass but achieves different magnitudes of acceleration showing mass does not impact acceleration. (B) Doubling object 1’s mass would result in (A) the same magnitude of the force of friction because the coefficient of friction does not change. (C) Doubling object 1’s mass would result in half the magnitude of the force of friction, which would decrease acceleration due to an equal decrease in the magnitude of net force. (B) (D) Decreasing the mass of any of the objects will result in a reduction in the magnitude of the force of friction, which would increase the magnitude of net force. (C) (D) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Physics Interim Assessment 2 3 4. A fourth 50 kg object is tested with the same magnitude of applied force and its acceleration is determined to be greater than that of object 1 and less than that of object 3. Select the statement that best explains the outcome of the trial. (A) Object four must have a coefficient of friction between 0.36 and 0.57 so that the magnitude of friction it experiences falls between that of object 1 and object 3. (B) Object four must have a coefficient of friction between 0.47 and 0.57 so that the magnitude of friction it experiences falls between that of object 1 and object 3. (C) Object four must have a coefficient of friction between 0.36 and 0.47 so that the magnitude of friction it experiences falls between that of object 1 and object 3. (D) Object four must have a coefficient of friction less than 0.36 so that the magnitude of friction it experiences falls between that of object 1 and object 3. 5. Juan and Jasmine both drew free body diagrams to represent the motion of a 20 kg wood box sliding across a wood surface while experiencing a rightward applied force of 90 N. Juan’s Diagram Jasmine’s Diagram One of the diagrams contains an error. Identify which diagram has the error and how to correct the error. (A) Juan’s diagram is incorrect because he multiplied the coefficient of friction by the applied force instead of the normal force when calculating the magnitude of the force of friction. (B) Juan’s diagram is incorrect because he multiplied the coefficient of friction by the object's mass instead of the force of gravity when calculating the magnitude of the force of friction. (C) Jasmine’s diagram is incorrect because she multiplied the coefficient of friction by the applied force instead of the force of gravity when calculating the magnitude of the force of friction. (D) Jasmine’s diagram is incorrect because she multiplied the coefficient of friction by the normal force instead of the force of gravity when calculating the magnitude of the force of friction. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 4 Physics Interim Assessment 2 Reference the data in the table to answer questions 6 – 7. Table 2 Object 1 Object 2 Momentum Momentum Momentum Momentum Mass Before the After the Mass Before the After the (kg) Collision Collision (kg) Collision Collision (kg*m/s) (kg*m/s) (kg*m/s) (kg*m/s) 50 +100 +10 20 +5 6. Objects 1 and 2 experience an elastic collision 7. Both objects from Table 2 underwent a test in a closed system. Select the statement that where they were crashed into a concrete wall at correctly predicts and justifies the momentum a velocity of +20 m/s. The table below indicates of object 2 after the collision. the amount of force experienced during the collision for each object. (A) 100 kg*m/s because all of object 1’s momentum was transferred to object 2 Table 3 during the collision as explained by the law Force Experienced Force Experienced of conservation of momentum. by Object 1 (N) by Object 2 (N) (B) 95 kg*m/s because the momentum lost by 2500 4000 object 1 was gained by object 2 as explained by the law of conservation of Select the statement that best explains why momentum. object 1 experienced less force than object 2. (C) 90 kg*m/s because the momentum lost by object 1 was gained by object 2 as (A) Object 1 experienced less force than explained by the law of conservation of object 2 because it has more mass, which momentum. makes it more resistant to accelerating. (D) 10 kg*m/s because the objects combined (B) Object 1 experienced less force than during the elastic collision, meaning they object 2 because it had more momentum must have the same momentum after the than object 2, which means it experienced collision. a greater impulse. (C) Object 1 experienced less force than object 2 because it was designed in a way that increased the amount of time for the collision. (D) Object 1 experienced less force than object 2 because it was designed in a way that decreased the amount of time for the collision. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Physics Interim Assessment 2 5 8. Ezra attached a baseball to a small rope that is 9. Once again, Ezra decides to attach a baseball to 0.50 meters in length. He then began spinning a small rope that is 0.50 meters in length and to the string with a rotational speed of 2.0 spin the rope with a rotational speed of 2.0 rotations per second. Predict how the tangential rotations per second. The motion of the ball is velocity of the ball would change if Ezra diagramed below. reduced the length of the rope to 0.25 meters and rotational speed is held constant. (A) The tangential velocity of the baseball would not change because there is no relationship between tangential velocity and the radius of the circular path traveled by the ball. (B) The tangential velocity of the baseball would be cut in half because tangential velocity and the radius of the circular path traveled by the ball are directly proportional. (C) The tangential velocity of the baseball If Ezra lets go of the rope at point X, which box will be double because the centripetal will the baseball hit? force experienced by the object was (A) Box A also cut in half. (B) Box B (D) The tangential velocity of the baseball will be cut in half because rotational (C) Box C speed also doubles as the radius of the (D) Box D circular path traveled by the ball was cut in half. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 6 Physics Interim Assessment 2 Reference the data below to answer questions 10 – 12. Toby and Sam decided to test their knowledge of momentum and impulse by testing the result of changing velocity on the impulse experienced by two carts during an elastic collision. The data from their experiment is below. Table 4 Cart 1 Cart 2 Initial Final Initial Impulse Trial Mass (kg) Velocity Velocity Mass (kg) Velocity (N*s) (m/s) (m/s) (m/s) 1 +1.0 +30 2 +1.5 +45 3 30 +2.0 0 10 0 +60 4 +2.5 +45 5 +3.0 +90 10. Select the statement that correctly identifies the data point that represents an error in measurement and explains what that error is. (A) The impulse for trial 1 is the error because it is the same as the mass of object 1. (B) The impulse for trial 2 is an error because cart 2 will have a momentum of +15 kg*m/s after the collision. (C) The impulse for trial 3 is an error because cart 2 is at rest meaning it does not experience an impulse. (D) The impulse for trial 4 is an error because cart 2 gains 75 units of momentum after the collision. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Physics Interim Assessment 2 7 11. Select the graph that is the best way to 12. Corie claims that cart 1 experienced a larger represent Toby and Sam’s data about the magnitude of force during the collision. Is relationship between the initial velocity of cart Corrie correct? 1 and the impulse experienced during the collision. (A) Corie is correct because cart 1 (A) experiences a larger impulse due to Impact of Initial Velocity on Impulse having a larger mass, which results in a 100 larger magnitude of force. 75 50 (B) Corie is correct because cart 2 has a 25 smaller mass, which means it requires 0 less force to change its momentum. 1 2 3 4 5 Initial Velocity (m/s) of Object 1 Impulse (N*s) (C) Corie is incorrect because the carts would have had to experience an (B) inelastic collision for one of the carts to Impact of Initial Velocity on Impulse experience a larger force during the collision. (D) Corie is incorrect because both carts experience the same amount of impulse during a collision for the same amount of time, meaning they must experience Initial Velocity (m/s) of Object 1 Impulse (N*s) the same amount of force. (C) (D) GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 8 Physics Interim Assessment 2 Use the scenario and data to answer questions 13-15. Cal decided to test the relationship between time of collision and force by crashing four objects with identical mass into a cement wall at the same speed. Between each trial, Cal made changes to the object. Cal’s data is presented in the table below. Table 5 Mass Time of Trial Force (N) Impulse (N*s) (kg) Collision (s) 1 0.25 2000 500 2 0.50 1000 500 40 3 0.75 667 500 4 1.00 500 500 13. Select the statement that correctly describes the 14. Predict the outcome of an additional trial where relationship represented in the table. mass is held constant, and the time of collision is increased to two seconds. (A) Force and time of collision are directly proportional as they increase by the (A) The object will experience a force of same factor between trials. 1000 N while impulse remains constant at 500 N*s. (B) Force and time of collision are inversely proportional because they (B) The object will experience a force of change by the same factor in opposite 250 N while impulse remains constant directions between trials. at 500 N*s. (C) Force and impulse are directly (C) The object will experience an impulse proportional as they increase by the of 250 N*s while force remains same factor between trials. constant at 500 N. (D) Force and impulse are inversely (D) The object will experience an impulse proportional because they change by of 1000 N*s while force remains the same factor in opposite directions constant at 500 N. between trials. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Physics Interim Assessment 2 9 15. Select the statement that best explains how Cal changed the objects in order to increase the time of collision without changing the mass of each object. (A) Cal added foam to the front of the object. (B) Cal added steel to the front of the object. (C) Cal used a thinner material to create the object. (D) Cal used hardwood to make the object sturdier. END OF SECTION I IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK. DO NOT GO ON TO SECTION II UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. MAKE SURE YOU HAVE WRITTEN YOUR NAME ON THE COVER SHEET. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 10 Physics Interim Assessment 2 Physics Interim Assessment 2 SECTION II: Free Response DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO. Instructions At a Glance The questions for Section II are printed in this booklet. Write your solution to each part Total Time of each question in the space provided. Write clearly and legibly. Cross out any errors 45 minutes you make; erased or crossed-out work will not be scored. Number of Questions 2 Manage your time carefully. During Part A, work only on the questions in Part A. Percent of Total Score 50% As you begin each part, you may wish to look over the questions before starting to work Writing Instrument on them. It is not expected that everyone will be able to complete all parts of all Either pencil or pen with black or questions. dark blue ink Electronic Device Calculators Allowed Weight Not all parts of a question are necessarily given equal weight. Name: __________________________________________________________________________ GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Physics Interim Assessment 2 11  16. A group of students are building a catapult for their physics class and decide to run an experiment to determine how to increase the velocity of the projectile when it is released from the catapult. The data from their experiment is presented below. Table 6 Mass of Projectile Length of Catapult Arm Rotational Speed Release Velocity Trial (kg) (m) (rotations/sec) (m/s) 1 1.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 2 1.0 0.5 2.0 1.0 3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 4 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 5 2.0 0.5 1.0 0.5 6 2.0 0.5 2.0 1.0 7 2.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 8 2.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 (a) Identify and describe the concept and relationship between variables that the group of students are testing in their experiment. (b) Identify two of the three independent variables and the one dependent variable within this experiment. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 12 Physics Interim Assessment 2 (c) Analyze the data in the table to determine the relationship between: - Mass and release velocity - Length of the catapult arm and the release velocity - Rotational speed and the release velocity (d) Using two data points, predict and justify, the outcome of a 9th trial where rotational speed from trial 8 is doubled and the other variables are held constant. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Physics Interim Assessment 2 13  17. The data below represents the motion of two carts prior to a perfectly inelastic collision. Both carts have a mass of 25 kg, and the collision takes place six seconds after the carts enter into motion. Figure 1 – Motion of Object 1 Figure 2 – Motion of Object 2 (a) Describe the data in Figure 1 in terms of Object 1’s momentum. (b) Describe the data in Figure 2 in terms of Object 2’s momentum. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 14 Physics Interim Assessment 2 (c) After analyzing the data, Jasper predicts that the combined mass of the two objects after the perfectly inelastic collision will have a positive velocity. Use the data to evaluate Jasper’s prediction. (d) Explain how the motion of both carts would differ if they collided elastically instead of perfectly inelastically. STOP END OF EXAM MAKE SURE YOU HAVE WRITTEN YOUR NAME ON THE COVER SHEET. GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Physics Interim Assessment 2 15  GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 16 Physics Interim Assessment 2  GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. Physics Interim Assessment 2 17  GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE. 18 Physics Interim Assessment 2