Philosophy Reviewer PDF

**PHILOSOPHY REVIEWER** The word philosophy comes from two Greek words \'**philos\' (love)** and **\'sophia\' (wisdom)** refer to as \'**love of wisdom**\' **PHILOSOPHY** - is the study of general and fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason mind and language. **PHILOSOPHE...

**PHILOSOPHY REVIEWER** The word philosophy comes from two Greek words \'**philos\' (love)** and **\'sophia\' (wisdom)** refer to as \'**love of wisdom**\' **PHILOSOPHY** - is the study of general and fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason mind and language. **PHILOSOPHERS** - are people who engage in philosophy. **PYTHAGORAS** -A mathematician and scientist created the Pythagorean Theorem. **HERACLITUS** - He proposed that everything that exist is based on a higher plan which he called \'logos\' **DEMOCRITUS** - He devoted himself to the study of the natural phenomena. **EPICURUS** - He believed that philosophy could enable man to live a life of happiness **SOCRATES**- Was considered the foremost philosophers of ancient times. **ARISTOTLE** - Prominent student of Plato, for him all ideas are based on perception and our reality is based on what we can sense. **PLATO**- A student of Socrates he proposed the Theory of Forms that is based on an idea that can only be perceived in the mind. **HOLISTIC THINKING-** refers to a perspective that considers large-scale patterns in systems **PARTIAL THINKING-** focuses on specific aspects of a situation. **AESTHETICS**- deals with beauty and what makes things \'beautiful\' **LOGIC-** deals with correct reasoning **EPISTEMOLOGY**- discusses the nature of knowledge and knowing **ETHICS**- deals with moral questions and dilemmas **POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY** - studies with governments and deals with questions of justice **METAPHYSICS**- deals with questions regarding reality and existence **PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON-** understand the human person from a philosophical perspective. **REFLECTION** - requires a person to be willing to examin ones thought, feelings and action **HUMAN SELF REFLECTION**- is the capacity of humans to exercise introspection **DOING PHILOSOPHY**- enables a person to engage in critical analysis and interpretation of concepts **FACT**- is something you can prove to be either true or false (something concrete) **OPINION**- It\'s a view formed in the mind of a person about particular issues. **MAN-** is generally and define to represent the entire human face. **HUMAN**- used to refer for various classifications and species. **HUMAN BEING-** a term used to separate man from other Human Classifications like animals **PERSON**- refers to an individual who passes all self awareness **PERSONHOOD**- refers to state of being a person with unique, sacred and ethical status **HUMAN NATURE**- refers to the deepest and natural behavior of a person that distinguish human from animals. **COGNITIVE SELF**- something within and cannot be physically seen, it deals with The What of A Person **PHYSICAL SELF-** something can be seen in his/her physical appearance, it deals with The Who of a Person **EMBODIED SPIRIT**- is an animating core living within each of us. **HUMAN TRANSCENDENCE**- ability to surpass your limits **ENVIRONMENTAL PHILOSOPHY-** is the discipline that studies the moral relationship of human beings with the environment and it\'s non contents **ANTHROPOCENTRISM**- considered nature as the means by which humans are able to meet their needs and survive **ECOCENTRISM**- believes that humankind is a part of a greater biological system or community. **Biocentrism-** believes that humans are not the only significant species on the planet, and that all other organisms have inherent value and should be protected. This view advocates ethical treatment of animals. **ANAXIMANDER**- According to his \'creation-destruction\' the sketch of the genesis of the world (cosmology) begins with the generation of opposite in a certain region **PYTHAGORAS**- he describe the universe as a living embodiment of nature\'s order, harmony and beauty. **IMMANUEL KANT**- the orderliness of nature and the harmony of nature with our faculties **GEORGE HERBERT MEAD**- man have duties and responsibilities in nature **SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT**- defines as development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. **ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRITY**- means that any human activities should not usually disrupt the environment located in the area. **ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY**- to ensure that there is minimum to zero waste in using our natural resources. **EQUITY**- it refers to conserving our natural resources so that the future generations will still be able to use it (Abella, 2016). **DEEP ECOLOGY**- assumes that all living things posses equal value and intrinsic worth regardless their usefulness to other beings. **SOCIAL ECOLOGY**- believes that ecological problems can be traced to social problems **ECOFEMINISM**- assumes that male centered view of nature is the rool cause of problems **PRUDENCE**- to discipline one\'s activities and behavior using reason **FRUGALITY**- the quality of being thrifty, the careful supervision of one\'s resources